• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.1100-1111
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate the hair in aspects of gender and cultural/political ideology, and to confirm the meanings of hair style in modem fashion. There are three zones of social significance such as head hair, facial hair, and body hair, and each of theses zones has both gender and ideological significance. In aspects of gender, opposite sexes have opposite hair norms. And, in sociocultural standpoint, hair is a political symbol of the main protest movements in culture. The contemporary hair styles in fashion design mean that the ＇paying＇ with gender identity, the reflection of changing sexuality, the non-politicism, the fragmentation of style, and the naturalness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.1097-1106
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is for development textile design and making fabric actually for dementia patients hospital clothing using symbol which has social care meaning. For achievement the aim, process and research methods were as follows. First the symbol design was developed. Second the symbol was applied as textile design for dementia patients hospital clothing. Symbol design was under processed with a letter 'Alzheimer' and meanings as like 'love', 'happiness' 'care' 'hope' and 12 design samples were developed by CAD and photoshop. Total 15 evaluation members chose 2 design samples. The 2 design sample were practically arrangement 7 textile design pattern with ground different colors. And finally 3 design pattern and 3 colorway were selected and add white ground. Totally 7 textile design was printed on 100% cotton, 20 yarn count, 1/2 twill. Therefore this new textile design for dementia patient's hospital clothing can be used in medical clinically and the symbol can be use for daily care item for the patients more comfort and high quality in their lives in hospital.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.61-78
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• 2008

In this paper, we discuss about De Morgan's view on the development of algebra according to following distinctions: arithmetic, universal arithmetic, symbolic algebra, significant algebra. De Morgan thought that the differences between arithmetic and universal arithmetic lie in the usage of letters and the immediate performance of computation. In his viewpoint, universal arithmetic is a transitional phase, in which absurd phenomena occur, from arithmetic to algebra and these absurd phenomena call for algebra. The feature of De Morgan's view on the development of algebra is that symbolic calculus which consist of symbol system without symbol's meaning is acquired, then as extended meanings are furnished to symbols, symbolic calculus become logical so significant calculus is developed. For example, Single algebra is developed, as an extended meaning is furnished to a symbol -1, and double algebra is developed, as an extended meaning is furnished to a symbol $\sqrt{-1}$. According to De Morgan, a symbol system is derived from the incompleteness of a prior symbol system.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.29-35
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• 2014

The formula contains up between the text and the structural information, as well as their mathematical symbols. Research on-line or off-line recognition formula is underway actively used in various fields, and various forms of the equation are implemented recognition system. Although many documents are included in the various formulas, it is not easy to enter a formula into the computer. Recognition of the expression is divided into two processes of symbol recognition and structural analysis. After analyzing the location information of each character is specified to recognize the effective area after each symbol, and to the structure analysis based on the proximity between the characters is recognized as an independent single formula. Furthermore, analyzing the relationship between the front and back each time a combination of the position relationship between each symbol, and then to add the symbol which was able to easily update the structure of the entire formula. In this paper, by using a scanner to scan the book formula was used to interpret the meaning of the recognized symbol has a relative size and location information of the expression symbol. An algorithm to remove the formulas for calculation of the number of formula is present at the same time is proposed. Using the proposed algorithms to scan the books in the formula in order to evaluate the performance verification as 100% separation and showed the recognition rate equation.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.43-51
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• 2004

1"his Study is to make research a Image and Symbol in the Gothic Architecture. Firstly, the concept of the symbol and the image effect are essentially based on the meaning that the activity of consciousness take on the constitution of the symbol. Therefore the image represent the deepest content of human nature has been imagination and reality. Secondly, the symbol concept showed in Gothic Architecture was associated with the passion of the order of middle ages. The world, the cosmos and the history had been revealed in Gothic architecture. In Gothic Image, Emile Male maintained the symbol of the Catholic Church as above mentioned. The Catholic Church was mirror of the natural, the institution, the moral and history, then this passion of the order was a christian order. Especially, E. Panofsky said that the scholastic method was shown in Gothic architecture. He assert that it was especially dialectic method used in theology. That is, he explained the transfiguration of Gothic Architecture with the process of thesis, anti-thesis, synthesis. These symbolize light, magnitude, clearness. Finally, symbolic image is important in Post-Modem architecture at present. Post-Modern architecture is associated with the public and the Pluralism. Post-Modern architecture attempt to communicate as symbolic language among the assumption for diverse aspect of culture.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.1221-1244
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• 2009

The death scenes are the culmination of both Doris Lessing's "To Room Nineteen" and Toni Morrison's Sula. Lessing's Susan, an intelligent white English woman, gradually loses the meaning of life as awealthy housewife in the patriarchal society and commits suicide as her solution in Room Nineteen of Fred's Hotel. Morrison's Sula, an African-American woman, grows up without having the normal ego under Eva's matriarchy in a black community named the Bottom. Sula, after Nel's marriage, becomes a symbol of evil to her community and drifts down to death in Eva's bed. Reading these two death stories from the perspective of Jung's archetypal psychology, Susan is not able to continue to live a meaningful life because her life energy is cut off from its source which is in the unconscious. According to Jung, the symbol is the medium of the psychic energy from the unconscious to consciousness. In modern society which is represented by intelligence, the religious and mythical symbols are removed by rationalism, which means disconnection of the flow of life energy from the unconscious. Susan's death can be read as a kind of creating symbol to connect the modern people to the source of life energy. Sula's case is the opposite of Susan's. She remains in the unconscious world without having the proper ego in the absurd reality of racial and sexual problems. Sula finally rises again in Nel's awareness, becoming a symbol of the feminine goddess like goddess Inanna.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2010

Although nano materials are used a lot in industries, there has not been any standard nano hazard graphic symbol. An experiment was conducted to know the comprehension ratio of newly designed eight nano graphic symbols. To compare the symbols with existing safety graphic symbols, other sixteen symbols were also included. 54 subjects evaluated the difficulties of graphic symbols on seven point Likert scale and answered the meaning for each symbol. The all eight nano safety symbols marked under 30% comprehension ratio. However, one of them didn't show any statistically significant difference with other existing safety symbols as like bio hazard, radiation, and laser. Therefore the nano symbol tested in the best could be adopted as the nano safety graphic symbol if it is sufficiently exposed in training period and used with warning label. The workers in industries using nano materials can be alerted and protect themselves where the sign is attached.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.101-109
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• 2014

It was early in the $20^{th}$ century when the space was begun to say through the mutual circumstances of form and contents. Adrian Forty explained that the characteristics of space can be divided into three steps by the period: a space of enclosure, a space as continuum and a space as an extension of the body. And there is common condition that all three spaces are accompanied by the form. In the new thinking of architectural form in terms of text in modern society, architecture becomes to more complex to understanding. Saying that there is nothing outside text (Il n'y a rien en dehors du text.) in the world, Jacques Derrida insisted the world to be texted and not to be special centrality, where can be existed by difference and delay its meaning. Text is the structural meaning (sign), not a metaphorical one (symbol). Without the symbol, the architecture can be recognized as text with signing to the form. For that, there is a question how can be explained the space in terms of text extracting the meaning and the symbol. Absolutely not intended by Mies van der Rohe, but in his works of houses and pavilion, its characteristics and traces of text can be seen. If it is possible to analyse his works in the textual view, space of Mies will be found in the same direction of text. And it will be an important opportunity to re-evaluate the space of Mies works standing in the heart of Modern Architecture.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.73-86
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• 2009

This research aims to find processes for developing the design language for the visual notes and design meaning of street furnitures. The result of this study are as follows. 1) The design language implies to get how to represent condensed symbols of the street furnitures. 2) The configuration of the street furnitures has their visual note and design meaning of community identity, represented their own detail design languages. 3) The detail design languages are useful to solve the matters of what design elements of the street furnitures can be composed of the visual notes and design meaning. 4) The detail design languages can be applied to the pattern of tools of Microsoft Office Word.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.115-122
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the shapes and colors of emergency exit symbols, magnetic field warning symbols, and radiation zone symbols used in hospitals for staff and patient safety and their effects on cognitive memory. The hippocampal region's signal intensity(SI) was analyzed using fMRI. The Symbol 2 (1.75±0.54) with a green background had the highest signal intensity (SI) for emergency exits, according to the findings. The black symbol 2 (1.60±0.51) with a yellow background had the highest signal intensity (SI) for the magnetic field warning symbol, followed by the black symbol 1 (1.59±0.65) with an orange background. The black symbol 2 (1.59±0.59) with a yellow background and the black symbol 3 (1.58±0.52) with an orange background had the low signal intensity with slight differences as for the radiation zone symbols. In conclusion, it was determined that the signal intensity of the black symbol with a yellow background was the highest in the magnetic field area and radiation area. This implies that symbols with a high signal intensity (SI) must be utilized intensively. To ensure that the correct meaning of the symbols is communicated in the future, they must also be utilized regularly and continually in disaster safety education.