• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.47-56
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• 2017

Sustainable development is one of the important concept of the 21st century. Especially, Social sustainability is an important factor in today's society with the weakened community, and is needed exploring social sustainability in the residential environment as a container of human life. The purpose of this study was to develop the evaluation indicators and evaluation system of social sustainability in residential environment. In order to develop evaluation indicators first, the delphi expert survey was conducted to assess the adequacy of selected the evaluation indicators in previous studies. Second, expert survey using the method of AHP was progressed in order to analyze importance and weight of evaluation indicators and was analyzed using Expert Choice. The findings of this study are as followings; the evaluation system was composed of locality, communality and organisms. The communality is the most important. The locality was composed of historical and cultural, reflection of regional identity and homogeneous of regions. Reflection of local identity is the most important in locality area. The communality was composed of social integration environment, community activities and the community space. The community activities are the most important in communality area. The organism was composed of employment, self-sufficiency, welfare, population, safety and housing. Safety is the most important in the organism area.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.475-487
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• 2024

Many uncertainties affect the stability assessment of rock structures. Some of these factors significantly influence technology decisions. Some of these factors belong to the geological domain, and spatial uncertainty measurements are useful for structural stability analysis. This paper presents an integrated approach to study the stability of rock structures, including spatial factors. This study models two main components: discrete structures (fault zones) and well known geotechnical parameters (rock quality indicators). The geostatistical modeling criterion are used to quantify geographic uncertainty by producing simulated maps and RQD values for multiple equally likely error regions. Slope stability theorem would be demonstrated by modeling local failure zones and RQDs. The approach proided is validated and finally, the slope stability analysis method and fuzzy Laypunov criterion are applied to mining projects with limited measurement data. The goals of this paper are towards access to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services, promotion of inclusive and sustainable urbanization and participation, implementation of sustainable and disaster-resilient buildings, sustainable human settlement planning and manage. Simulation results of linear and nonlinear structures show that the proposed method is able to identify structural parameters and their changes due to damage and unknown excitations. Therefore, the goal is believed to achieved in the near future by the ongoing development of AI and fuzzy theory.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.97-107
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• 2000

This study aims to develop the model of evaluation on greenspace to increase the sustain ability of the planning and management for site-scale development projects. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: (1) The comprehensive principles of sustainable development projects were established, which include coexistence of man and nature, reflection of ecological principles, minimization of environmental pollution and damage, recycling and reuse of materials. (2) According to established principles, the evaluation criteria were classified into seven categories as follows: retention of ample greenspace, formation of greenspace as a habitat, species diversity of vegetation, consideration of indigenous plants, construction of green network, conservation of greenspace, and reuse of plant materials. (3) As a result of the analysis of questionnaire of experts, evaluation model was worked out with which we can evaluate environmental friendliness greenspace. And, the final evaluation indicators for greenspace are the rate of greeneries volume, securing habitat, indigenous plants, reuse of plant materials, and species diversity of vegetation, and the indicator of greenspace conservation.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.252-258
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• 2022

Ukraine has a significant in quantity and unique in quality parameters, in particular, the level of education, a resource - the labor force, which, along with natural resources, can serve as the basis for economic growth and the achievement of sustainable development goals. The study is aimed at a thorough identification of the main factors influencing the formation and use of the labor force in Ukraine, including by comparing with the indicators of the EU countries, before the start of the active phase of military aggression by the Russian Federation. It was found that until February 24, 2022, there were negative trends in the change in the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the labor force due to the demographic crisis, the transformation of the national economy and shortcomings in state regulation of labor market development processes. The military actions not only exacerbated pre-existing problems, but also led to the emergence of new ones. A significant number of refugees and internally displaced persons, with the termination of the activities of half of the economic entities, provoked a sharp increase in real unemployment and a decrease in wages. The specific problem of the labor market of Ukraine - the "labor crisis", which has and will have a significant impact on the labor force, is carefully considered.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.883-902
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• 2023

Water is critical to the health and productivity of fruit trees. Efficient monitoring of water stress is essential for optimizing irrigation practices and ensuring sustainable fruit production. Short-range sensing can be reliable, rapid, inexpensive, and used for applications based on well-developed and validated algorithms. This paper reviews the recent advancement in fruit tree water stress detection via short-range sensing, which can be used for irrigation scheduling in orchards. Thermal imagery, near-infrared, and shortwave infrared methods are widely used for crop water stress detection. This review also presents research demonstrating the efficacy of short-range sensing in detecting water stress indicators in different fruit tree species. These indicators include changes in leaf temperature, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, and canopy reflectance. Short-range sensing enables precision irrigation strategies by utilizing real-time data to customize water applications for individual fruit trees or specific orchard areas. This approach leads to benefits, such as water conservation, optimized resource utilization, and improved fruit quality and yield. Short-range sensing shows great promise for potentially changing water stress monitoring in fruit trees. It could become a useful tool for effective fruit tree water stress management through continued research and development.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.51-66
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• 2017

This study was conducted to develop detailed evaluation indicator as a way for evaluating sustainable urban ecosystem health focused on ecological urban elements from an eco-cultural point of view after the appearance of Eco-cultural City to meet various needs. And this study was also conducted to search for ways to utilize the detailed evaluation indicator like institutionalization. Eco-cultural City was defined as a city where ecological environment and cultural environment coexist and was aimed to derive applicable planning indicators in Korea. For this, FGI was executed, planning indicators were derived, and suitability was examined. The weights were calculated based on the selected indicators through AHP expert survey. After getting the result of FGI, experts reviewed the adequacy of definition from Eco-cultural City and its necessity, and the applicability of planning indicators was examined with evaluation of suitability. As a result of evaluating suitability, it was judged that 41 indicators based on an overall average of 4 areas were relatively high on suitability and also important among sectors. As for the analysis result, the priority order in multistage classification was as followed : harmony between human and environment(B) 0.349, environmental resources(A) 0.266, city environment and quality of culture(C) 0.208, and role division and citizen participation(D) 0.177. In the second level of relative importance, environment protection and infra in the role and citizen participation section was the highest, 0.449, harmonization policy and system in calculating weights was the highest.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.185-199
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• 2012

Ecotourism has been attracting much attention as an example industry that can vitalize local economy markets and preserve natural resources. Implementation of 'Ecotourism Designation System' is under consideration to provide ecotourism products that can both emphasize the original meanings of ecotourism and ensure stronger trust from customers than ever before. This research introduced the direction, principles, subjects, and assessment indicators by subjects in terms of implementing the system and proposed fundamentals for both designation assignment and score calculation. In the face of implementing such a system in Korea, the investigation sought subjects whose target areas and programs are in need of examination. For assessment criteria by subjects, six assessment indicators were selected in the end for ecotourism sites, including: (1) the value of natural/ecological preservation (2) facility's ecological design (3) understanding both the environment and local culture (4) systems connecting local communities for cooperation (5) long/short term preservation and maintenance strategies/plans (6) willingness to further develop ecotourism and cooperative platform. In addition, seven assessment indicators were selected for program assignments, including: (1) the value of natural/ecological preservation (2) minimization of environmental effects (3) expansion of environmental understanding (4) sharing the local culture (5) vitalizing local connections and economical activities among communities (6) securing and maintaining professionality among human resources (7) odds of continuation, creativity, and aptness to improve programs. After considering the pros and cons of both categorizing system and yes/no system, implementation of categorizing system for the short term and yes/no for the long term were suggested, followed by additional suggestions of a score calculation system for each system. The official implementation of the 'Ecotourism Designation System' is scheduled for launch in 2013 after the trial operation in 2012. The assessment indicators and fundamentals suggested in this research, considering judgment, must be improved via systematic and practical methods through the trial operation.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.73-85
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• 2020

As an effort to achieve sustainable development and increase people's welfare, financial inclusion has become the policy agenda of many countries. Therefore, the effect of financial inclusion on economic growth, poverty, income inequality, and financial stability in several countries in Asia has become the goal and this is the subject of this study. Financial inclusion is measured by 3 dimensions, namely banking penetration, access to banking services, and use of banking services. Poverty ratio below the national poverty line and the Gini coefficient are used as indicators of poverty and income inequality. Financial stability is measured by Bank Z-Score and bank nonperforming loans. The results from the hypothesis test shows that all dimensions of financial stability simultaneously have significant influence on economic growth, poverty, income inequality, and financial stability. On the other hand, the partial impact of financial inclusion dimension on economic growth, poverty alleviation, income inequality, and financial stability in ten countries of Asia has not been optimal. The derived results of this study is required to be interpreted and considered by the Governments of each country in developing strategies for increasing financial inclusion, so that the policy to achieve sustainable development and enhancement of people's welfare can be achieved.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.102-115
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to establish the evaluation model through the systematic process of selecting the indicators and to evaluate the environmental-control function on forest using GIS in Deagu for the sustainable forest planning. The 35 indicators as basic items were selected by literature review and those were squeezed into the 29 indicators through expert brainstorming. Also, the 8 indicators to evaluate environmental-control function were selected by the first survey and the 5 final indicators such as carbon sink, temperature decrease, wind formation, water circulation, air purification were determined by MCB analysis using the second survey. The evaluation model was established through the weight of each indicator by AHP analysis using the third survey. According to the result of evaluating the environmental-control function on forest, the functions around the top area of Mt. Ap, Mt. Biseul, Mt. Palgong had more than 66 scores. On the other hand, the functions around Mt. Waryong and forest of Chilgok in Buk-gu had less than 40 scores. It is necessary to improve the function through the sustainable restoration and management in case of forest that the environmental-control function was lower. Furthermore, these results will be able to be utilized as basic data in order to establish the preservation area and control development area at the urban, environmental, and forest planning.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.413-420
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• 2016

Seaports are economically significant infrastructures in terms of dealing with more than 90% of the cargo volume in Korea's international trade. Furthermore, investment costs for constructing ports and the impacts of port industry on national competitiveness lead to the necessity for sustainable port operation. However, the earlier studies dealing with competitiveness and sustainability of the port sector focused on its logistical functions related to port size, operational efficiency, etc. Port competitiveness that considers local community and ecological values as well as the expectations and demands of port users is becoming an important issue in order for ports to cope with volatile external environments while maintaining competitiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to identify port performance indicators and measure their performance in terms of the environmental and social perspectives, as well as the economic perspectives, in order to sustain port development and operations. This paper presents findings from case analyses of SuPorts and PPRISM projects that assist European Union (EU) ports to secure sustainable competitiveness while respecting economic, environmental and social interests between ports and local communities. These projects create port performance indicators with balanced views including not only economic value but also environmental and social values. They measure port performance so port operators can implement these sustainable port practices. This study aims to find the critical factors for sustainable port practices by conducting case analyses of SuPorts and PPRISM projects.