• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.371-376
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• 2009

In this article, we reviewed the literature on risk assessment (RA) models with and without molecular genomic markers and the current utility of the markers in the pharmacogenetic field. Epidemiological risk assessment is applied using statistical models and equations established from current scientific knowledge of risk and disease. Several papers have reported that traditional RA tools have significant limitations in decision-making in management strategies for individuals as predictions of diseases and disease progression are inaccurate. Recently, the model added information on the genetic susceptibility factors that are expected to be most responsible for differences in individual risk. On the continuum of health care, from diagnosis to treatment, pharmacogenetics has been developed based on the accumulated knowledge of human genomic variation involving drug distribution and metabolism and the target of action, which has the potential to facilitate personalized medicine that can avoid therapeutic failure and serious side effects. There are many challenges for the applicability of genomic information in a clinical setting. Current uses of genetic markers for managing drug therapy and issues in the development of a valid biomarker in pharmacogenetics are discussed.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.203-214
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• 2000

Health risk assessment is applied to streamlining LCA(Life Cycle Assessment) using Monte carlo simulation for probabilistic/stochastic exposure and risk distribution analysis caused by data variability and uncertainty. A case study was carried out to find benefits of this application. BTC(Benzene, Trichloroethylene, Carbon tetrachloride mixture alias) personal exposure cases were assumed as production worker(in workplace), manager(in office) and business man(outdoor). These cases were different from occupational retention time and exposure concentration for BTC consumption pattern. The result of cancer risk in these 3 scenario cases were estimated as $1.72E-4{\pm}1.2E+0$(production worker; case A), $9.62E-5{\pm}1.44E-5$(manger; case B), $6.90E-5{\pm}1.16E+0$(business man; case C), respectively. Portions of over acceptable risk 1.00E-4(assumed standard) were 99.85%, 38.89% and 0.61%, respectively. Estimated BTC risk was log-normal pattern, but some of distributions did not have any formal patterns. Except first impact factor(BTC emission quantity), sensitivity analysis showed that main effective factor was retention time in their occupational exposure sites. This case study is a good example to cover that LCA with probabilistic risk analysis tool can supply various significant information such as statistical distribution including personal/environmental exposure level, daily time activity pattern and individual susceptibility. Further research is needed for investigating real data of these input variables and personal exposure concentration and application of this study methodology.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.507-521
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• 2016

Landslides are one of the most common natural hazards causing significant damage and casualties every year. In Korea, the increasing trend in landslide occurrence in recent decades, caused by climate change, has set off an alarm for researchers to find more reliable methods for landslide prediction. Therefore, an accurate landslide-susceptibility assessment is fundamental for preventing landslides and minimizing damages. However, analyzing the stability of a natural slope is not an easy task because it depends on numerous factors such as those related to vegetation, soil properties, soil moisture distribution, the amount and duration of rainfall, earthquakes, etc. A variety of different methods and techniques for evaluating landslide susceptibility have been proposed, but up to now no specific method or technique has been accepted as the standard method because it is very difficult to assess different methods with entirely different intrinsic and extrinsic data. Landslide prediction methods can fall into three categories: empirical, statistical, and physical approaches. This paper reviews previous research and surveys three groups of landslide prediction methods.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.288-294
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• 2013

When the automotive body enters an electrocoating tank while applying an electric current, its steel surface is exposed to a very low induced current. Consequently, surface defects of coating may arise if the steel surface has lack of electric uniformity due to local defects such as local oxide. In this study, we investigated the preceding assessment methods to evaluate steel susceptibility of the low induced current during electrocoating before mass production. Prior to general electrocoating, we applied low constant voltage such as 3V or low constant current densities such as $0.35mA/cm^2$ and $0.50mA/cm^2$. In result, we confirmed that such methods were efficient for assessing steel susceptibility of low induce current during electrocoating.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1998 no.11
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• pp.281-282
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• 1998

Recently, there has been growing interest in the assessment of physiological parameters on brain perfusion that provide more information than pure morphologic diagnosis. Quantification of parameters that characterize cerebral micro-circulation with magnetic resonance imaging is of great relevance for clinical application. We determine the local tissue concentration by exponential relationship between the relative signal reduction S(t)/$S_0$ and local tissue concentration of contrast material $C_m(t)$ in dynamic susceptibility contrast enhanced MR imaging. And then we made relative regional blood volume map by calculating the area under the measured concentration-time curves $C_m(t)$ during first pass of paramagnetic contrast material as a preliminary step for perfusion map. These images make it possible to compare the rCBV in different brain regions in one individual at a time. We have it in contemplation to obtain arterial and brain signal time curves simultaneously to make absolute rCBV and perfusion (rCBF) map. These maps may provide the method of comparative investigations of different patients having strong variation in AIF.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.5-12
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• 2023

Proactive assessment of landslide susceptibility is necessary for minimizing casualties. This study proposes a methodology for classifying the landslide safety factor using a classification algorithm based on machine learning techniques. The high-risk area model is adopted to perform the classification and eight geotechnical parameters are adopted as inputs. Four classification algorithms-namely decision tree, k-nearest neighbor, logistic regression, and random forest-are employed for comparing classification accuracy for the safety factors ranging between 1.2 and 2.0. Notably, a high accuracy is demonstrated in the safety factor range of 1.2~1.7, but a relatively low accuracy is obtained in the range of 1.8~2.0. To overcome this issue, the synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) is adopted to generate additional data. The application of SMOTE improves the average accuracy by ~250% in the safety factor range of 1.8~2.0. The results demonstrate that SMOTE algorithm improves the accuracy of classification algorithms when applied to geotechnical data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.326-329
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• 2005

A worker who grinded the inner parts of camshafts for automobile engines using water-soluble metalworking fluid (MWF) for 14 years was diagnosed with sinusitis. We postulated that the outbreak of sinusitis could be associated with exposure to microbes contaminated in water-soluble MWF during the grinding operation. To suggest responsible agents for this outbreak, quantitative exposure assessment for chemical and biological agents and prevalence of work-related respiratory symptoms by questionnaire were studied. The exposure ranges of MWF mist (0.59 $mg/m^3$to 2.12 $mg/m^3$) measured during grinding exceeded 0.5 $mg/m^3$ of the recommended exposure limit (REL). Grinder's exposures to bacteria, fungi and endotoxins were also generally higher than not only the proposed standards, but also those reported by several studies to identify the cause of respiratory effects. Statistical test indicated that the prevalence rate of reported symptoms related to nasal cavities showed no significant differences among the operations. Evaluation on grinding operation characteristics and quantitative exposure assessment indicated that repeated exposure to MWF mist including microbes contaminated from the use of water-soluble MWF may cause respiratory diseases like sinusitis or at least increase susceptibility to the development of sinusitis

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07c
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• pp.1085-1087
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• 1999

In this paper, we propose the method for assessing the effect of voltage sag in power distribution system using fuzzy risk assessment model. The proposed method is based on SCBEMA curve that expresses the representative susceptibility curve by voltage sag for each customer type. These corves are made using the CBEMA curves obtained from the experiment for the customers'sensitive equipment. In order to transform SCBEMA curves to the probability damage by voltage sag, the fuzzy risk assessment model is used in this paper. Case studies were performed to analyze the effect of voltage sag by varying parameters. The Monte Carlo simulation method and the historical reliability data in KEPCO are used for case studies.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.254-259
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• 2018

Application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessment of pulmonary disease has been limited, due to susceptibility to cardiac pulsation, respiratory motion, and inhomogeneity of the magnetic field of the lung. With technical advances of MRI and unmet clinical needs for more accurate diagnosis and assessment of the disease, however, the use of MRI for evaluation of the lung has broadened. Herein, we present a case of pneumonic-type lung adenocarcinoma in a patient with history of anaphylactic shock to iodinated contrast medium, in which MRI played a critical role for targeted lung biopsy and cancer staging. Through this paper, we would like to report potential value of MRI in assessment of lung cancer.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.15-25
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• 2008

Contamination level assessment of harbor dredged materials is carried out for beneficial use, which generated annually due to port construction and maintenance of harbor channel. The basic purpose of environmental risk assessment was a scientific approach to susceptibility of hazard risk to human's health from different dredged materials. And this paper proposes a guideline of safely beneficial use of dredged materials at both industrial area and residental area, generated from major port execution throughout a sound investigation of their contamination levels. Newly proposed guidelines were in general higher levels compared to both current guidelines of treatment and use of dredged materials and soil environment protection levels. Finally, environmental assessment results of dredged material contamination generated in major ports of Korea for beneficial use based on pre-assessment environmental levels show that some port's dredged materials contain heavy metals such as Cd, As, Cr and Zn, more than base levels which requires more precise contamination investigation. Others were found to be very appropriate for beneficial use.