• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2004

It is recently well recognized that the technique for the one-sided stress wave velocity measurement in structural materials provides measurement in structural materials provides valuable information on the state of the material such as quality, uniformity, location of cracked or damaged area. This technique is especially effective to measure velocities of longitudinal and Rayleigh waves when access to only one surface of structure is possible. However, one of problems for one-sided stress wave velocity measurement is to get consistent and reliable source for the generation of elastic wave. In this study, the laser based surface elastic wave was used to provide consistent and reliable source for the generation of elastic wave into the materials. The velocities of creeping wave and Rayleigh wave in materials were measured by the one-sided technique using laser based surface elastic wave. These wave velocities were compared with bulk wave velocities such as longitudinal wave and shear wave velocities to certify accuracy of measurement. In addition, the mechanical properties such as poisson's ratio and specific modulus(E/p) were calculated with the velocities of surface elastic waves.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.180-187
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• 2005

This paper is focused on the development of the flexible electrode for disc-type polymer actuators using Segmented Polyurethane(SPU). This paper consists of two parts. The one is about the mechanical property such as elastic modulus. these parameters mainly affect behaviors of polymer actuators and the other is about the electro-chemical property such as the surface resistance of the composite electrode affects the strength of electrostatic force, results in the deformation of polymer actuators. The Young's modulus was measured by UTM. As result, by increasing the modulus of a body of polymer actuators, the maximum displacement of polymer actuators are decreased. The surface resistance of the electrode was measured by 4 point probe system. Compared with the conductive silver grease, the displacement of polymer actuators using carbon black(CB) composite electrodes is comparably small but CB composite electrode should be the practical approach for the improvement of the performance of all-solid actuators, compared with another types of electrode materials.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.129-133
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• 2019

TiN thin films were fabricated using an unbalanced magnetron sputtering (UBMS) system, and their structure and surface characteristics as well as their optical and tribological properties were evaluated. The hardness, elastic modulus, adhesive force, surface roughness, and transmittance of the Ti thin films fabricated using the UBMS system were 11.5 GPa, 103 GPa, 27.5 N, 2.45 nm and 20%, respectively. The TiN films prepared with various proportions of nitrogen as the reaction gas exhibited maximum values for the hardness, elastic modulus, critical load, RMS roughness and transmittance of approximately 19.2 GPa, 182 GPa, 27.3 N, 0.98 nm, and 85%, respectively. Moreover, the TiN thin film fabricated under the condition of 30 sccm nitrogen gas showed the optimal physical properties. In summary, the TiN thin films fabricated using the UBMS system exhibited excellent hardness, elastic modulus, adhesion, and smooth surface in addition to good hydrophilic properties.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.529-543
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• 2022

The lattice-spring-based synthetic rock mass model (LS-SRM) technique has been extensively employed in large open-pit mining and underground projects in the last decade. Since the LS-SRM requires a complex and time-consuming calibration process, a robust approach was developed using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to optimize the calibration procedure. For this purpose, numerical models were designed using the Box-Behnken Design technique, and numerical simulations were performed under uniaxial and triaxial stress states. The model input parameters represented the models' micro-mechanical (lattice) properties and the macro-scale properties, including uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), elastic modulus, cohesion, and friction angle constitute the output parameters of the model. The results from RSM models indicate that the lattice UCS and lattice friction angle are the most influential parameters on the macro-scale UCS of the specimen. Moreover, lattice UCS and elastic modulus mainly control macro-scale cohesion. Lattice friction angle (flat joint fiction angle) and lattice elastic modulus affect the macro-scale friction angle. Model validation was performed using physical laboratory experiment results, ranging from weak to hard rock. The results indicated that the RSM model could be employed to calibrate LS-SRM numerical models without a trial-and-error process.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2023

Background: Coating a culture plate with molecules that aid in cell adhesion is a technique widely used to produce animal cell cultures. Extracellular matrix (ECM) is known for its efficiency in promoting adhesion, survival, and proliferation of adherent cells. Gelatin, a cost-effective type of ECM, is widely used in animal cell cultures including feeder-free embryonic stem (ES) cells. However, the optimal concentration of gelatin is a point of debate among researchers, with no studies having established the optimal gelatin concentration. Methods: In this study, we coated plastic plates with gelatin in a concentration-dependent manner and assessed Young's modulus using atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate the microstructure of the surface of each plastic plate. The adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of the ESCs were compared and analyzed revealing differences in surface microstructure dependent on coating concentration. Results: According to AFM analysis, there was a clear difference in the microstructure of the surface according to the presence or absence of the gelatin coating, and it was confirmed that there was no difference at a concentration of 0.5% or more. ES cell also confirmed the difference in cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation according to the presence or absence of gelatin coating, and also it showed no difference over the concentration of 0.5%. Conclusions: The optimum gelatin-coating for the maintenance and differentiation of ES cells is 0.5%, and the gelatin concentration-mediated microenvironment and ES cell signaling are closely correlated.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2006년도 추계학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.51-51
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• 2006

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.469-476
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• 2023

반복하중이나 동적하중에 대한 지반의 소성모델은 지반구조물의 비선형 수치해석에 매우 중요하다. 단일 항복면 모델은 반복하중에 대해 선형적 거동을 보이는 반면, 개발된 탄성영역이 없는 J₂-경계면 소성모델은 동일한 물성치로 효과적으로 지반의 비선형성을 모사할 수 있다. 경계면 내부 항복면의 반경을 0으로 수렴시켜 탄성영역이 사라지도록 수식화하고, 소성경화 계수과 팽창률을 이용하여 소성변형 증분을 정의하였다. 개발된 모델의 응력-변형률 증분식을 제시하고, 쌍곡선 모델에 대한 소성경화 계수를 유도하였다. 삼축압축조건과 얕은기초의 반복하중에 대한 비교해석은 개발된 모델의 안정적인 수렴성, 이론식과의 일치성, 그리고 이력경로을 보여 주었다. 또한, 수정된 쌍곡선함수에 대한 소성경화 계수를 제시하여, 1차원 등가선형모델에 부합하는 모델변수 산정법을 제안하여 지반의 다차원 거동을 모델링할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.24-28
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• 2017

The electrodeposition of Ni-Co alloy from a sulfamate bath was investigated. The cobalt content in the Ni-Co deposits is more influenced by the temperature or stirring effect than the current density in the process parameters. As cobalt contents in the Ni-Co deposited layer increased from 0 wt.% up to 43 wt.%, hardness value of the layer rised from 400 Hv up to 700 Hv and crystal orientation (111) increased. However, (200) and crystal size significantly reduced. The tensile and yield strength also increased, while the modulus of elasticity showed the maximum value of $10.4N/mm^2$ at 29 wt.%.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.67-80
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• 1992

동적인 문제를 해석하는 데 있어서 최대전단탄성계수의 결정은 어떤 변형률에서의 전단응력을 추정하는데 필연적이라 할 수 있다. 그동안 실리카질 모래에 관한 모델이 준시되어 왔지만 그러한 모델을 부서지는 모래에 직점적으로 적용하는 데는 모래의 부서짐(crushability)때문에 어려움이 있다. 본 연구에서는 부서지는 모래의 미소변형률에서의 동적인 거동이 평가되었으며 실험한 모래의 최대 전단탄성 계수에 관한 모델이 제시되었다. 부서지는 모래의 전단탄성 계수는 느슨한 모래의 경우는 실리카질 모래와 유사한 값을 보이나 밀도가 증가하면 입자간의 접촉면적이 커져서 비틀력 (torsional force)으로 인해 모래가 부서져 전단저항이 작아지는 것으로 보인다. 그리고 계수치 (modulus number) 가 Been과 Jefferies (1985)의 상태 정수 (state parameter)로 표현되었다.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.146-154
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• 2010

알루미늄 5052 합금의 탄성특성에 대한 ECAP 강소성변형과 어닐링효과를 연구하였다. 알루미늄 5052 합금은 용체화 처리 후 ECAP 가공하고 어닐링처리를 수행하였다. 탄성계수는 기존의 인장시험과 나노압입시험을 통해 측정하고 음향현미경의 음향재료신호를 이용하여 시료의 표변에서 탄성계수를 측정하였다. 기존의 시험법으로는 불가능한 소성변형과 열처리에 따른 탄성계수의 변화를 음향재료신호를 이용하여 성공적으로 측정하였고 개개의 결정립에서도 결정방위에 의존하는 탄성계수를 얻었다.