• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.102-107
• /
• 2016

Stress may be defined as any modification of environmental parameters that leads to a response by biological organisms. Stresses that affect biolpgical structures may be nonthermal, such as ultraviolet radiation, pH, or salinity, or thermal. Temperture is one of the major stresses that all living organism face. The major effects of cold(low emperature) are decrease of membrane fluidity and the stabilization of secondary structures of RNA and DNA in the cells, which may effect the efficiency of translation, transcription, and DNA replication. In this study, we focus on discovering the genes that are expressed by the cold(low temperature) stress in the silkworm. In cold(low temperature) stress test, we found 100% survive from cold stress at $0^{\circ}C$ up to 12h and $-5^{\circ}C$ up to 2h, and then, survive rate was rapidly decrease in silkworm. Thereafter two whole genes have selected by SSH(Suppression subtractive hybridization). (GenBank accession : GQ149511, GQ338156)

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.62-67
• /
• 1997

A potential biocontrol bacterium, YB-70 was isolated from a rhizosphere in suppressive soil and identified as a strain of Bacillus subtilis. In several biochemical and in vitro antibiosis tests on Fusarium solani with the culture filterates from B. subtilis YB-70, we found that antifungal mechanism of B. subtilis YB-70 was mediated by antibiotic substances produced from the bacterium. These antifungal substances were appeared to be hear-resistant, micromolecular, and ethy alcohol soluble. Antifungal agents produced by B. subtilis YB-70 showed strong inhibified against root-rotting fungi F. solani in in vivo pot test. An antifungal substance. YBS-1s, was purified from the culture broth of B. subtilis YB-70 by isoelectronic precipitation, silica gel column chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography analysis by Fab-MASS, $^{1}$H-NMR, $^{13}$C-NMR, DEPT, and amino acid analyzer revealed that the YBS-1A was a peptide antibiotics of iturin class containing seven amino acids from five different groups, and the other(YBS-1B) was an analogue of iturin group composed of 11 amino acids with larher molecular weight of about 1, 500 dalton, which was lager than that of iturin A.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.193-203
• /
• 2003

Objectives : In this study, we investigated the effect and pathway of contralateral heterotropic electroacupuncture (EA) on pain induced by fonualin in rats. Methods : Acu-points in the right forepaws, HT 7 and PC 7 were stimulated with 3~4mA, 2ms, and 10Hz after 5% formalin (50ul) s.c. injection to the left hind paw. In addition, it was investigated whether the dorsolateral funiculus (DLF), known to be related the descending inhibition, mediates analgesic effects of the contralateral heterotropic EA or whether administration of naltrexone, an opioid antagonist, blocks the effect of EA. Results : The results showed that contralateral heterotropic electroacupuncture (EA) inhibited late phase (63.311.7%) of pain induced by fonualin in the behavioral test, but sham-EA had little effect on pain behavior (85.616.8%) and no analgesic effects after transection of the dorsolateral funiculus (95.718.7%). The pretreatment of naltrexone (10mg/kg, i.p.) could not inhibit the analgesic effects of EA on formalin-induced pain behavior (70.713.1%). Also,EA suppressed formalin injection induced expression of cFos like protein (cFL) in the dorsal homo but not sham-EA. Suppressed expressions of cFL in the spinal cord were eliminated after transection of the ipsilateral dorsolateral funiculus at T10-11 leve1s. However, pretreatment of naltrexone could not prevent the suppressive expressions of cFL at the spinal cord. Conclusions : These results suggest that the analgesic effect of contralateral heterotropic electroacupuncture may be modulated through the dorsolateral funiculus constituting the descending inhibition.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.284-288
• /
• 1996

Among the bacteria isolated from compost piles of cattle excretion in a pasture located at the suburbs of Chunchon city, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KMCS-1 was selected for the test of antifungal substances produced. Six fractions were separated by silica gel column chromatography, and then the antifungal activity of each fraction was assayed against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Rhizopus sp., Aspergillus nidulans, Coprinus cinereus, and Pyricularia oryzae by paper disc method. Two fractions showed significant suppressive activities against A. nidulans, C. cinereus, and P. oryzae however, their mycelial growth was not affected by neither of these fractions. Inhibitory activities of these fractions to sporulation was assayed at the concentration of 50. 25, 12. 5, and 6.25 $\mu$g/ml and the average inhibition rates against sporulation of A. nidulans, C. cinereus, and P. oryzae were 94.0, 98.3, and 77.9%, respectively. Further purification and analysis of active substances are now being conducted.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.94-101
• /
• 1995

In order to evaluate the suppressive effects of galangin on the DNA damage induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea(MNU), in vitro sister chromatid exchange(SCE) test using Chinese Hamster ovary(CHO) cells was performed. Also the determinations of [$^{3}$H] MNU-induced total DNA binding and methylated DNA were performed to find out the mechanism of action by galangin. MNU-induced SCEs were significantly decreased by simultaneous and pretreatment of galangin when S-9 mix was added only. In post-treatment, however, the MNU-induced SCEs were not decreased when S-9 mix was added or not. [$^{3}$H] MNU-induced total DNA binding was significantly inhibited by the treatment of galangin in calf thymus DNA and CHO cells. HPLC analysis of DNA hydrolysates shows that galangin caused a dose-dependant decrease in calf thymus DNA, but not significant decrease in CHO cells. These results suggest that the inhibition of galangin on the MNU-induced SCEs is due to the decrease of DNA binding and methylation with MNU. Therefore, galangin may be useful as a chemopreventive agent of alkylating agents.

• Advances in nano research
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.139-150
• /
• 2021

In this study, phytochemicals present in Propolis Extract (PE) were employed as reducing and stabilizing reagents to synthesize silver nanoparticles. Three propolis-reduced silver nanoparticles (P-AgNPs1-3) were synthesized using increasing amounts of PE. P-AgNPs were treated with different cancer cells-lung (A549), cervix (HeLa) and colon (WiDr) - for 24, 48 and 72 h to evaluate their anti-proliferative activities. A non-cancerous cell type (L929) was also used to test whether suppressive effects of P-AgNPs on cancer cell proliferation were due to a general cytotoxic effect. The characterization results showed that the bioactive contents in propolis successfully induced particle formation. As the amount of PE increased, the particle size decreased; however, the size distribution range expanded. The antioxidant capacity of the particles increased with increased propolis amounts. P-AgNP1 exhibited almost equal inhibitory effects across all cancer cell types; however, P-AgNP2 was more effective on HeLa cells. P-AgNPs3 showed greater inhibitory effects in almost all cancer cells compared to other NPs and pure propolis. Consequently, the biological effects of P-AgNPs were highly dependent on PE amount, NP concentration, and cell type. These results suggest that AgNPs synthesized utilizing propolis phytochemicals might serve as anti-cancer agents, providing greater efficacy against cancer cells.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.911-921
• /
• 2015

본 연구는 배추에서 벼룩잎벌레의 생태적 관리기술을 개발하고자 실험실과 포장 야외포장에서 수행되었다. 허브 식물인 바질과 레몬밤의 벼룩잎벌레에 대한 기피활성을 실험실내에서 후각계를 활용하여 측정한 결과, 벼룩잎벌레가 바질과 레몬밤을 기피하는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 선발된 기피식물과 유인식물로 알려진 겨자류 작물을 대상으로 포장내에서 간작과 주위작 처리했을 때의 벼룩잎벌레 억제효과를 평가하였다. 식물자원의 간작 재배효과는 시험결과 실내실험과는 달리 레몬밤 간작처리구에서 벼룩잎벌레의 밀도가 높았으며, 바질 간작처리구와 돌산갓 간작처리구에서 벼룩잎벌레의 밀도가 낮았다. 식물자원의 주위작 재배효과 시험결과 적겨자 주위작 처리와 배추 단독처리구에서 벼룩잎벌레의 밀도가 가장 높았으며, 바질과 레몬밤에서는 벼룩잎벌레가 거의 발생하지 않았다. 벼룩잎벌레 기피식물인 바질과 레몬밤 주위재배를 통해 유기농 배추 재배지에서 벼룩잎벌레의 발생을 예방할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.85-95
• /
• 1985

오이 덩굴쪼김병의 발병을 억제(抑制)하는 토양의 특성(特性)과 병원균(病原菌)에 대한 억제요인을 밝혀 내고자 진주, 함안, 남지, 밀양, 순천 등지의 28개 비닐하우스에서 토양을 채취하여 공시(供試)하였다. 접종한 병원균의 농도(濃度)에 대한 공시토양의 오이 덩굴쪼김병 발병곡선(發病曲線)을 Log-Probit로 전환하여 토양의 발병억제 정도를 DI50(50%의 공시식물을 발병시킬 수 있는 병원균의 농도)으로 수량화(數量化)하여 공시토양의 발병억제 정도를 비교하였던 바, 같은 지역내에서도 채취장소에 따라서 억제정도(抑制程度)가 크게 달랐으며 진주 5, 순천 7, 남지 22 등이 발병억제능력이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 토양의 화학적(化學的) 성분(性分)이나 물리성(物理性) 등은 발병억제 능력과 일정한 상관(相關)을 나타내지 않았다. 발병억제 토양에서는 병원균(病原菌)의 소형분생포자(小型分生胞子)와 후막포자(厚膜胞子)의 발아율(發芽率)이 현저하게 억제되었다. 병원균의 균사분해(菌絲分解)는 발병억제형(發病抑制型) 또는 발병유도형(發病誘導型) 토양에 따라서 일정한 경향(傾向)을 나타내지 않았으나 균사편(菌絲片)으로부터 형성(形成)된 후막포자(厚膜胞子)의 수(數)는 발병억제형 토양에서 현저히 적었다. 토양 중의 형광성 Pseudomonads 와 Bacillus spp의 밀도는 발병억제형 토양과 유도형 토양간에 통계적유의차(統計的有意差)가 없었으나 병원균에 길항적(拮抗的)인 용균반(溶菌斑) 수(數)는 발병억제형 토양에서 현저하게 많았다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.561-574
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 Fusarium spp.에 의해 발생하는 천마 괴경썩음병에 대하여 유기농업자재의 방제효과를 검정하기 위해 수행되었다. 유기농업자재 15품목을 대상으로 실내에서 항균활성 검정과 실내시설에서 천마 자마에 포자현탁액 접종을 통한 자마검정을 실시하였다. 이중 미생물제인 7품목의 유기농업자재가 Fusarium spp.의 균사생장을 억제하였다. 천마 자마를 이용한 검정에서 3품목의 유기농업자재가 70% 이상의 우수한 방제효과를 나타냈다. 그 중에서 sulfur가 유효성분인 광물질 제제의 억제효과가 가장 뛰어났다. 그 다음으로 3품목의 유기농업자재를 선발하여 예방적 효과와 치료적 효과를 검정하기 위해 적용하였는데, 예방적 처리를 했을 때 3품목 모두 병 발생에 대한 억제 효과가 상당히 높았다. 특히 sulfur와 B. subtilis의 예방적 효과는 각각 93.2%, 86.9%로 탁월하였으며, 치료적 효과는 73.3%, 60.2%로 상대적으로 낮게 나타났다. 반면, citronella + paraffin oil + ethyl alcohol은 예방적 효과와 치료적 효과가 각각 73.3%, 67.0%로 비슷한 효과를 나타냈다. 이 연구를 통해 시설하우스 내 연작 재배지에서 잘 발생하는 천마 괴경썩음병은 유기농업자재로 충분히 방제될 수 있으며, 예방적 처리가 더욱 중요하며 효과적임이 확인되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.757-761
• /
• 2004

톳으로부터 산ㆍ알칼리 (AASA) 방법으로 추출한 알긴산에 인위적으로 sulfate를 흡착시킨 후 ICP-AES를 이용해서 확인한 결과 3% alginate용액에서 1843 ppm 농도의 sulfate가 검출되었다. 배지 자체적으로 황을 함유하고 있는 MRS broth와 황이 없는 peptone water배지 에 S-alginate와 alginate를 0.25, 1, 2% 농도별로 첨가하여 Lactobacillus acidophilus를 접종한 후 배양하면서 유산균의 성장에 대한 영향을 살펴 본 결과 모든 농도에서 이들 배지에 S-alginate를 첨가한 것이 유산균의 성장을 증가시키는 것을 알 수 있었다. S-alginate와 alginate를 0.25% 첨가한 경우 유산균의 성장은 비슷한 값을 나타내었으나 농도가 증가할수록 S-alginate를 첨가한 군이 alginate만 첨가한 군보다는 유산균의 성장을 늘리는 것으로 나타났다. Ames test를 통해서 S-alginate는 돌연변이성을 전혀 나타내지 않았으며 항 돌연변이성는 직접변이원에 대하여 TA98균주는 14∼19%, TA100 균주에 대해서는 12∼17%까지의 억제율을 보였으며 2%의 S-alginate가 가장 높은 억제율을 나타내었다.