• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.13-24
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• 2013

With the increase of visitors to rural tourism villages, the direct selling at sites is getting vitalized. Accordingly, their display stores is getting more important. Therefore, this study has selected 30 domestic rural tourism villages as study objects for the attitude survey of 200 farming suppliers and the site examination for the designs of those display stores in order to analyze their status and classify the types of necessity. Such operation status as sale item, sale method, method of supply and demand, major customer, sales scale, manager, opening hour, and operation cost were examined, to identity and for design factors the pattern, material quality and color were investigated. For the attitude of farming suppliers, the tactics of sales, the reason for being positive or negative, the functionality and the features of display stores were examined through brainstorming. IBM SPSS Statistics 20 Program was employed for Frequency, which indicated that village chiefs and store managers with the sales scale of 1 to 20 million won are dealing with female customers in their 40's and 50's and that those stores are open at the time of experience or year round without any operation expense. Permanent type and Fixed type were found to be the design factors of the display-case type with the material and the color of wood and orange respectively. The result of investigation analysis of farming suppliers' attitude showed the followings: the need of display stores is quite high, structure type and permanent type have high fitness and from the viewpoint of display-on-table type as a standard moving type was very convenient. The analysis of significant items at the characteristics of those display stores revealed that their locations, quality conservation, sanitation, users' convenience, designs and promotion are very important. The result of status analysis revealed that though there is a correlation among the types of display stores depending on the visiting season of tourists their installing is not desirable. Three types have been analyzed: Type 1 is a structure type only in the villages with continuous visitors, Type 2 a moving-table type only in the villages with temporary visitors and Type 3 is a fixed display-case type.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.1
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• pp.283-319
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• 1997

Our society witnesses the rapid progress in the areas of politics, economy, society and culture in the process of national modernization since 1960s, which in turn as a reverse function gets to contract a societic pathology, totally lowering the security level of citizens' lives owing to various violent crimes like hostage commotions and murders with rifles and deadly weapons. what is the main reason for that? That may be partly because the chief police force concentrates on the current situation resulting in the vacuum of the public peace. However, the main reason is that the police fall short of man-power and equipments even if the whole police power were put to use in preventing and quelling the crimes. That is true not only of Korea but also of the advanced countries like the U.S.A., England and Japan. We realize that these advanced countries have higher level of security in every individual's life and property than Korea because their progress of the private guard systems can fill in a vacuum of the shortage of the police power, Therefore, we should without delay internationalize our private guard systems expecting the widely opening of the guard service markets in the age of Uruguay Round. To do this, we need to change our ideas for fostering the policy of the private guard from passive defense ideas into positive aggressive ones. Our police should urgently set up a plan to pursue the orientation of vision that we should dispatch our private guards overseas before foreign guards rush into our markets. Accordingly it goes without saying that the private guard group should distinguish their services from the public services initiating their own theory and strategy of private guard services and also readjust themselves between the public duties and the private services with the study of minimizing the reverse function of the private guard systems. The history criminal justice has always shown that the criminal system progressed at the initiative of the civil factor in case its demand and supply do not make both ends meet. Nevertheless, in the process the power of the government never weakens, rather it is built up in general. In conclusion, the necessity of the build-up of the private guard services must duly be acknowledged by the police as well as by the business which has its unique sphere within the criminal justice instead of as the suplemtary services of the simple the police power on the long-term basis. The purpose of the private guard services can be largely classified into the two categories; first it means the function to prevent the crimes against the citizens and secondly to enhance the national interest as an increasing mammoth business with a worldly competition capacity. The police has an absolute responsibility that they should protect the modem public in general from feeling the crisis of the personal threat, tension, anxiety and nervousness. In short, if we develop the complete private guard system to guarantee the societic atmosphere for all citizens, keep the public peace, and protect all citizens' lives and properties, we will sure enjoy a beautiful land, a wholesome society and a happy life in goodharmony of law and order.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2002

The aim of this study is to propose effective measures for shortage of manpower of dental technology laboratory in Gangwon province by means of examining not only the history of Gangwon association, present condition of transference of members of Gangwon association from 1990, of missing members and annual rate of participation in repair education with setting object of study into Gangwon association under the influence of the Korean Dental Technology Association but also the present condition of opening and closing laboratory, amount of business connection and condition of shortage of manpower and its field with setting object of study into 28 dental technology laboratories. Results from this study are like followings : First, Gagnwon association was established in 1984 as the eleventh in the line of the board, reorganization of board is conducted 8 times up to the eighth in the line of the board in 2001. board is composed of 16 persons including president and operated its term as 3 years. Second, a number of representative and ordinary member of Gangwon association has increased gradually from 1992 to 2001. in aspect of annual rate of participation in repair education, representative's is more higher than ordinary member's overall. the worst rate of whole members' is shown as 47.9% and the its best rate is shown as 92.0%. in addition, 70$\sim$80% rate of participation into repair education is shown most frequently as 8 times of whole 20 times from 1992 to 2001. Third, 29 authorized dental technology laboratories have registered in Gangwon association until march 2002 within 9 cities and counties. in consideration of establishment location. Gangneung city has most amount as 7 laboratories(24.1%), Wonju city has 5(17.2%), Samcheok city and Sokcho city, each has 4(13.8%), Chuncheon city has 3(10.3%), Donghae city and Taeback city, each has 2(6.9%) and Yangyang and Yongwol county, each has 1(3.4%). Fourth, amount of work personnel of laboratory in Gangwon province is 1$\sim$10 persons as the maximum value. 23 laboratories(82.1%) have their own work personnel as amount of 5 and below. in aspect of main business, most of laboratories focus on the Porcelain and Crown. and 16 laboratories(57.1%) have their own expensive equipments such as Milling. its also suggests that 16 laboratories(57.1%) suffer their shortage of working personnel. specifically, 6 laboratories(21.4%) suffer the highest shortage especially in Denture field, Fifth, whole number of Gangwon association is up to 101 members (28 representatives and 73 ordinary members) until December 31th 2001. amount of immune from repair education of Gangwon association until October 2001 is up to 10 persons, and missing members from 1997 is up to 18 persons, suspension of business is up to 4 persons. in aspect of transference from 1990, transfer-in is up to 21 persons and transfer out is up to 16 persons.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 2010

The Digital TV(DTV) standard has ushered in a new era in TV broadcasting and raised a great demand for DTV tuners. There are many challenges in designing a DTV tuner, of which the most difficult part is the frequency synthesizer. This paper presents the design of a frequency synthesizer for DTV Tuners in a $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS process. It satisfies the DTV(ATSC) frequency band(54~806MHz). A scheme is proposed to cover the full band using only one VCO. The VCO has been designed to operate at 1.6~3.6GHz band such that the LO pulling effect is minimized, and reliable broadband characteristics have been achieved by reducing the variations of VCO gain and frequency step. The simulation results show that the designed VCO has gains of 59~94MHz(${\pm}$17.7MHz/V,${\pm}$23%) and frequency steps of 26~42.5MHz(${\pm}$8.25MHz/V,${\pm}$24%), and a very wide tuning range of 76.9%. The designed frequency synthesizer has a phase noise of -106dBc/Hz at 100kHz offset, and the lock time is less than $10{\mu}$sec. It consumes 20~23mA from a 1.8V supply, and the chip size including PADs is 2.0mm${\times}$1.8mm.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.423-444
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• 2013

Tourism in Thoi Son Islet has been the advanced model for rural tourism in the Mekong Delta region since the 1990s. The continuously rising number of tourists, however, has also created problems that affect sustainable rural development. To understand these problems, this research analyzed how rural tourism has been operated through the methodology of a stakeholder network. After investigating the network among key stakeholders (Ho Chi Minh travel agencies (HCMTAs), local travel agencies (LTAs), and local residents, the result showed that in the current model, HCMTAs and LTAs have played the role of connectors, working as hubs to shift tourists (demand) to match local residents (supply), with the networking being dominated by signed contracts (formal networks). The networks between LTAs and local residents are both formal and informal. Inter- and intra-networks among local residents are dominated by informal networks of established working relationships based on networks of family, friends, and neighbors. Moreover, this research has found that there is no cooperating network among LTAs. Among owners of tourist sites was not also found cooperating network. The primary motivating factor for these stakeholders is price competition; this has led to a disproportionately small share of revenue for local stakeholders, with most tourism revenue going to HCMTAs. Additionally, because of the high competition among local stakeholders, this results in local stakeholders having little or no negotiating power when conducting business with HCMTAs. Meanwhile the Tien Giang Tourism Association is inefficient in fostering cooperation among local stakeholders to increase their negotiating power.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.83-83
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• 1995

The increase of population and industrial activities had brought into eutrophication in the Nakdong river. A remarkable acceleration of eutrophication brought about serious problems for water supply. Therefore, for the purpose of conservation of water quality in the Nakdong river it is necessary to control nutrients. MBOD method was use to evaluate algal growth limiting factor and algal growth potential in the Nakdong river from June to August 1994. The modified biochemical oxygen demand(MBOD) depends on the amount of available inorganic nutrient and organic substrate during 5 day incubation in the dark at 20$^{circ}C$. The MBOD assay depends on inorganic nutrients such as P and N as well as reduced carbon and called the MBOD, the MBOD-P, and the MBOD-N, respectively. The results of bioassay by MBOD(Modified BOD) method showed that the MBOD, MBOD-P and MBOD-N value were found to be in the ranges of 3.8∼96.0 mg$O_2$/l, 5.6∼94.0 mg$O_2$/l and 42.0∼220 mg$O_2$/l, respectively. And the the bioassay value was found to be the highest in Koryong area and the lowest in Waekwan area throughout the Nakdong river. The variations of MBOD-P and MBOD-N value showed similar tendencies to the variations of phosphorus and nitrogen value, respectively. By MBOD method, the relationships of MBOD, MBOD-P and MBOD-N value were MBOD ≒ MBOD-P 《 MBOD-N. The MBOD value was nearly equal to the MBOD-P value, and the MBOD-N value was 3 to 20 times more than the MBOD-P value, approximately. Therefore, in the Nakdong river, phosphorus was the limiting factor for algal growth during summer season. The algal growth potential as the concentration of chlorophyll-a in the summer was maximum 5 times more than standing crop as it.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.33-59
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• 2008

Since the late 20th century, due to the globalization of markets and the rapid developments of information and communication technologies, the world has entered into the age of fierce competition. With their abundant low-cost labor, former communist countries such as China, Russia and East Europe and low-developed countries such as India and Brazil have received investments from major industrial companies. There are no other alternatives for Korea and OECD countries to move the industrial economy to the knowledge based innovation system. In knowledge based innovation system, economic development and employment of a region and nation depend solely on the number of its companies and their competitiveness. In this research, after reviewing the current state of technological innovation small companies in korea, we provide a theoretical framework to promote the level of technological innovative entrepreneurship. The framework is based on a value system model that consist of supply factors, demand factors, and supporting institutions. In order to create more innovative small businesses, we insist on the followings. First, more R&D activities related with promising new technologies should be performed. Second, more R&D funds for technological innovation small companies should be provided from governments. Third, more M&A transactions and technology transactions should be marketed freely and competitively. Fourth, more business incubating services and venture capital services should be provided. Fifth, entrepreneurship and innovation culture should be popular and institutionized among people.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.35-43
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• 2015

Purpose - This study aims to seek various plans to maintain the advancement of the overseas and domestic employment scenario through a case analysis of the Japanese industry, which maintains domestic employment while promoting the overseas advancement of companies despite having a similar industrial structure as Korea. The study further intends to derive insightful implications for Japanese manufacturing companies and government policies. Research design, data, and methodology - We selected four companies from the Japanese manufacturing industry. Being companies that were successful in increasing the domestic employment scenario while advancing in overseas markets. We utilized several secondary data sources including Japanese newspapers and report literature. Results - Previous studies have shown a negative relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) or offshoring and domestic employment. However, our results showed this relationship with respect to the Japanese manufacturing industry as follows: 1. FDI for developing overseas markets does not decrease domestic production. If Japanese companies change their strategy from exports to overseas production, there will be a consequent decrease in domestic employment of Multinational Enterprises (MNEs). However, the local production that plans the sales expansion of a foreign market does not substitute domestic production. 2. Several case studies illustrate that, as the production of final goods is expanded in foreign countries, there is a corresponding increase in the export of intermediary goods from Japan. In this case, if the production process of Japanese companies is promoted in foreign markets, the amount of exported material and parts from Japan will consequently increase. 3. It is difficult to consider that the establishment of subsidiary companies in foreign countries by manufacturing companies for wholesale, retail, and services decreases domestic employment. This is because the international development of these industries needs expatriates, expatriate training organizations, and research and development (R&D) activities. 4. When there is overseas demand, the growth of local management activities is expected to increase the work of the overseas business department in the head office in Japan, if competitiveness can be secured for better localization and management speed. 5. The conversion of the domestic manufacturing industry into high value-added production is necessary. The relocation of domestic production to foreign markets decreases domestic employment. To prevent this, the upgradation of domestic production bases, including high value-added production, and R&D capability need to be strengthened. Technology-based companies must develop new technology, patents, processes, and so forth, which require extensive human resources for R&D. Conclusions - Domestic medium-sized companies that are capable of consistently supplying high value-added products should be actively encouraged to deploy into and develop overseas markets. Further, this paper considers the necessity of a guidance policy that provides suggestions for overseas deployment, by the initiation of the government, to companies that cannot do so due to the lack of foreign experience or decisions by the CEO, despite having the relevant capability and technologies to supply high value-added products.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.252-263
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• 2018

In this research, we performed a SWOT analysis to analyze the feasibility of cultivating tropical fruits in Korea, using the mango as a case study. The opportunities for domestic tropical fruit (mango) cultivation are that the domestic cultivation environment is improving due to global warming, the consumer market is expanding due to the increase in domestic demand, and some local governments are supporting the cultivation of tropical fruits as a new high-income crop. The strengths are that it is possible to produce high quality fresh fruits in Korea and that they are still distributed in small quantities, so they can be differentiated from imported ones. There are regular customers and the mango is recognized as a medicinally functional fruit. The threats are that the price competitiveness of imported goods is likely to be further strengthened due to the implementation of the FTA and that it is difficult to cope with the unpredictable climate changes, such as heavy snowfall and extremely cold weather. The weak points are that the initial investment cost is high, the operating costs such as heating bills are also very high, and there is no supply system for the chemicals, fertilizers and cultivation technology required for tropical fruits. In order for tropical fruits such as mangoes to become major fruits, we must make full use of these strengths and opportunities while, at the same time, complementing the weaknesses and eliminating the threats in the value chain.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.261-268
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• 2014

The route of Korea and China situates stable shipping market by the agreement on maritime transport between two countries. Epecially, the Car-ferry shipping market between Korea and China is growing up the world's largest markets in this situation. But, the rapid growth of markets have the possibility of imbalance between supply and demand. In addition that heavy competition can be arisen. The aim of this study is to analyze the ways to reinforce competitiveness of Car-ferry shipping companies(CFSCs) between Korea and China routes through suggesting importance weights of service factors. Firstly, evaluating service factors of CFSCs between Korea and China routes are selected by reviewing literatures and Delphi method. Secondly, importance weights of service factors are calculated using Fuzzy method. As a result, Shipper and CFSCs between Korea and China routes select 'agility of loading and unloading', 'agility of customs', and 'punctuality of transportation' as the most important factors. On the other hand, the two groups are shown the perception gaps on the factors such as 'reasonable shipping cost', 'voyage speed', 'multimodal transportation', and 'professionality of manpower'. The implication of this study is that Government of Korea and China Have to cooperate agreement for mutual drive towed trailer and customs to speedy transportation.