• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.490-495
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• 2004

인산가용화능이 우수한 균주인 Burkholderia sp. DA23과 Klebsiella sp. DA7l-1 두 균주를 사용하여 농도별 아미노산 첨가에 따른 성장 양상과 유리인산 방출량을 조사한 결과, 두 균주의 생육과 인산가용화에 있어 아미노산이 도움이 되는 것으로 나타났다. DA23과 DA7l-1 모두 0.05%와 0.1%의 아미노산을 SM배지에 첨가하여 성장 양상을 확인한 결과 아미노산을 첨가한 배지의 균주가 아미노산을 처리하지 않은 배지의 균주에 비해 높은 세포 밀도 성장을 보여주었다. 인산가용화 균주의 아미노산 첨가의 경우 무처리보다 높은 pH 저하를 보였으며, 또한 아미노산 첨가가 아미노산 무처리구에 비해 2배이상 높은 인산가용화 효과를 보였다. DA7l-1의 아미노산 첨가의 경우는 DA23의 아미노산 첨가보다 아미노산 첨가에 의한 인산가용화 효과가 더 있는 것으로 나타났다. hydroxyapatite와 tri-calcium phosphate 의 인산염 차이에 따른 아미노산 처리 효과는 없었으며, 0.05%의 미량의 농도에서도 인산가용화로의 세포밀도 성장 및 가용화능에 효과를 나타내었다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.374-379
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• 1996

Lactobacillus sp. KY -107을 이용하여 fructose 로 부터 mannitol을 비교적 고수율로 생산하였다. 검토된 여러가지 탄소원 중에서 sucrose와 fructose 만이 mannitol 생성의 기질로 이용되었고 100g/L fructose를 기질로 사용할 경우 mannitol 생산성이 가장 좋았으며 이때 수율은 약 70% 이었다. 초기 탄소원이 고갈될 경우, 생성된 mannitol이 다시 기 질로 이용되었고, 180-250g/L 이상의 고농도 기질 농도에서는 수율이 50% 이하 수준으로 낮았으나, 모든 실험조건에서 다른 당알콜류를 부산물로 생성하지 않았다. Mannitol 생성에 미치는 여러가지 배양인자들을 검토한 결과, 질소원으로 yeast extract 가 가장 우수하였고, 무기 인산엽은 10 g/L농도 범 위까지 농도가 높을수록 유리하였으며 금속이옹중 M Mn이 mannitol생성에서 가장 중요한 역할을 담당 하는 것으로 나타났다. 배양환경중 온도는 $35^{\circ}C$전후 에서, 초기 pH는 6-8 범위에서 mannitol 생성량이 최대였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.726-732
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• 1994

동치미액을 속성으로 제조하기 위한 방법을 모색하기 위하여 소금, 항, 당, 효소, 통치미액 첨가가 발효중 동치미액의 pH, 산도에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 통치미액은 무분산액에 파, 마늘, 생강을 청가하여 $25^{\circ}C$에서 발효시켰다. $1{\sim}5%$ 소금첨가에서 소금함량이 높아질수록 pH 감소속도가 느렸으며 $0.5{\sim}2.0%$ 설탕의 첨가는 발효 24 시간 이후부터는 빠른 pH 감소를 보였다. 발효전 마쇄무의 효소분해는 viscozyme의 가수분해가 효소 농도가 중가할수록 pH의 감소가 빠르게 진행되었다. pH 5.4 동치미액 첨가와 pH 4.4 동치미액 첨가는 첨가량에는 큰 차이 없이 적당한 신맛을 가지는 pH 4.0으로 떨어지는데 걸리는 시간이 대조구의 절반으로 단축되었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.454-459
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• 2015

Background : The major compounds of Angelica species are decursin, decursinol angelate, nodakenin, umbelliferone and ${\beta}$-sitosterol, which act anti-inflammatories, reduce pains, protect the liver and enhance the immune system. This study investigated the chemical compositions, minerals, metals, sugars and overall amino acid composition in Angelica gigas Nakai. Methods and Results : Powder of Angelica roots smaller than 30 mesh were used. Physico-chemical analysis revealed the presence of carbohydrates (62.0%), crude proteins (13.9%), moisture (11.4%), crude fats (7.3%) and ash (5.4%). Results showed that potassium was present in the highest amount (1,859 ppm), followed by magnesium (214.5 ppm), calcium (147.3 ppm) and sodium (6.0 ppm). Free sugar profiles showed the presence of sucrose (29.3 g/100 g). The total amino acids concentrations was 9,752 mg/100 g, the most common and dominant amino acids were arginine (2,181 mg/100 g), glutamic acid (1,212 mg/100 g) and aspartic acid (834 mg/100 g). The total free amino acids contents was 1,476 mg/100 g, in which the most common amino acid were arginine (932 mg/100 g), glutamic acid (127 mg/100 g), and ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (80.4 mg/100 g). The fatty acid composition of A. gigas showed a higher concentration of unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid (443.9 mg/100 g) and palmitic acid (181.3 mg/100 g) according to gas chromatography. Conclusions : These results showed that Angelica roots can be used in various fields of foods and medicines, and in the preparation of cosmetics.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.171-179
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• 1997

The objectives of the present study were improvements in the efficiency of developmental rates to morula and blastocyst stages to produce a large number of genetically identical nuclear transplant embryos. The oocytes collected from slaughterhouse ovaries were matured for 24 h and then enucleated and cultured to allow cytoplasmic maturation and gain activation competence. And then the donor embryos were treated for 12 h with 10 $\pi$g /ml nocodazole and 7.5 $\pi$g /ml cytochalasin B to synchronize the cell cycle stage at 26 h after the onset of culture. The blastomeres were transferred into the perivitelline space of the enucleated nocytes and blastomeres and oocytes were fused by electrofusion. The cloned embryos were then cultured in various conditions to allow further development. The age of the recipient(30 vs 40 h) had no significant effect on the fusion rates(82.4 vs 82.1%) and the developmental rates to morula /blastocyst(9.8 vs 11.0%). Effect of Nocodazole treatment on the donor cell cyle synchronization to improve the developmental rates of bovine nuclear transplant embryos was significantly higher than control group(21.4 vs 10.1%, p<0.05). Significant differences were in the percentage of fusion rates(72.9,77.1vs 61.9%) in three types of fusion medium(PBS(+), mannitol and sucrose, p<0.01). The developmental rates of bovine nuclear transplant embryos appeared to be highest in mSOF medium under 5% 0$_2$ condition, but no significant differences were found when compared with TCM199-BOEC and mSOF under two different oxygen ratio(5 and 20%).

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.233-239
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• 2000

In order to optimize the quality of pine sprout tea, its chemical properties were analyzed and the yeasts associated with the quality of pine sprout tea during the storage were isolated and identified. In proximate composition moisture content was 20.13%, but other components except sugar were relatively low. Sugars such as glucose(30.15%), fructose(19.57%), and sucrose(9.27%) were major sugars which contained up to 76.73%. Total vitamin C and soluble tannin contents were 11.31 mg% and 68.31 mg%, respectively. Thirteen kinds of free amino acids were detected, but they were contained only in trace. In fatty acid composition 64.69% of fatty aids composed mainly of saturated fatty acids and major fatty acids were oleic acid, palmitic acid, and tricosaenoic acid. Among 8 mineral elements detected, calcium content was highest with 79.00 mg% and followed by potassium(45.16 mg%) and magnesium(8.93 mg%). The sweetness of pine sprout tea was gradually decreased from $70^{\circ}\;Brix\;to\;63^{\circ}\;Brix$ and 3.2% of ethanol at the initial concentration was increased to 6.0% during the storage of 40 days. The yeasts associated with the quality and alcohol formation of pine sprout tea during the storage were identified by Biolog MicrostationlTM system, as Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, Kluyveromyces lodderae, Kluyveromyces wickerhamii, and Pichia fluxuum.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.1644-1649
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• 2009

This study investigates the buffering effects of calcium salts in kimchi on the total acidity, microbial population, and dextransucrase activity. Calcium chloride or calcium carbonate was added to dongchimi-kimchi, a watery radish kimchi, and the effects on various biochemical attributes were analyzed. The addition of 0.1% calcium chloride produced a milder decrease in the pH after 24 days of incubation, which allowed the lactic acid bacteria to survive longer than in the control. In particular, the heterofermentative Leuconostoc genus population was 10-fold higher than that in the control. When sucrose and maltose were also added along with the calcium salts, the dextransucrase activity in the kimchi was elevated and a higher concentration of isomaltooligosaccharides was synthesized when compared with the control. Calcium chloride was determined as a better activator compound of dextransucrase than calcium carbonate, probably because of its higher solubility. Therefore, the results of this study confirm the ability of the proposed approach to modulate the kimchi fermentation process and possibly enhance the quality of kimchi based on the addition of dietary calcium salts.

• Mycobiology
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.162-170
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• 2016

In this paper, we demonstrate the ability of Arabidopsis thaliana to detect different mixtures of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by the common indoor fungus, Aspergillus versicolor, and demonstrate the potential usage of the plant as a bioindicator to monitor fungal VOCs in indoor air. We evaluated the volatile production of Aspergillus versicolor strains SRRC 108 (NRRL 3449) and SRRC 2559 (ATCC 32662) grown on nutrient rich fungal medium, and grown under conditions to mimic the substrate encountered in the built environment where fungi would typically grow indoors (moist wallboard and ceiling tiles). Using headspace solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we analyzed VOC profiles of the two strains. The most abundant compound produced by both strains on all three media was 1-octen-3-ol. Strain SRRC 2559 made several terpenes not detected from strain SRRC 108. Using a split-plate bioassay, we grew Arabidopsis thaliana in a shared atmosphere with VOCs from the two strains of Aspergillus versicolor grown on yeast extract sucrose medium. The VOCs emitted by SRRC 2559 had an adverse impact on seed germination and plant growth. Chemical standards of individual VOCs from the Aspergillus versicolor mixture (2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 1-octen-3-ol, limonene, and ${\beta}-farnesene$), and ${\beta}-caryophyllene$ were tested one by one in seed germination and vegetative plant growth assays. The most inhibitory compound to both seed germination and plant growth was 1-octen-3-ol. Our data suggest that Arabidopsis is a useful model for monitoring indoor air quality as it is sensitive to naturally emitted fungal volatile mixtures as well as to chemical standards of individual compounds, and it exhibits relatively quick concentration- and duration-dependent responses.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2008

Fermentative $H_2$ production was studied using microbial consortia isolated from heat-treated ($90{\circ}C$, 20 min) sewage sludge. Important parameters investigated were carbon(C) and nitrogen(N)-sources, C/N ratio, phosphate concentration, pH and temperature during anaerobic cultivation in serum bottles. Starch, ribose, sucrose and glucose were good C-sources for the culture growth and $H_2$ production. Yeast extract was better N-source than $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ or peptone when individually added to the synthetic media, however the combination of above three N-sources exhibited the additional effect for cell growth and $H_2$ evolution. Addition of 100 mM phosphate as a buffering agent prevented the rapid pH drop during the cultivation. The optimum initial pH for the cell growth was at 7.0, whereas $H_2$ production was observed at pH 5.5. Optimum temperature for the cell growth and $H_2$ production was $37{\circ}C$. Initial C/N ratio of 1.22 in the media using glucose and yeast extract as the C- and N-sources, respectively, showed the $H_2$ yield 1.0 mol $H_2$/mol glucose.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.50-59
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• 2013

Black jujube was made by aging dried jujube and its physiochemical characteristics, antioxidant activities and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activities were evaluated. The moisture and sugar contents were increased depending on the period of aging times and the pH was reduced thereby increasing acidity. The color of black jujube extract was changed from red to black resulting in decreases of Hunter color values L, a and b. As the aging progressed, sucrose was decomposed by increasing glucose and fructose, indicating higher contents of the total reducing sugars. Among the six different types of organic acids extracted from dried jujube, the levels of oxalic acid and citric acid were increased as the aging progressed. The total polyphenol contents in ethanol and water extracts of dried jujube were 7.74 and 8.12 mg/g, respectively. The water extract of black jujube aged for 48 hr contained the highest polyphenol contents at 16.82 mg/g. The 5'-hydroxymethylfurfural (5'-HMF) contents of black jujube extract significantly increased by longer aging times, and contained higher contents in the ethanol extract than water extract. The ethanol extract of black jujube showed the highest 5'-HMF content with 338.89 mg% after aging for 3 days. Also, $IC_{50}$ values of black jujube aged for 72 hr evaluated by DPPH and ABTS radical assays were 0.54 and 0.59 mg/mL, respectively. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase inhibitory activities of black jujube at the concentration of 3.33 mg/mL (ethanol extract) increased from 65 to 80 % after aging for 72 hr.