• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.167-177
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• 2013

The environmental considerations should be taken into full consideration in order to make the use of ground space as comfort and efficient as that of ground space. The visual environmental factors which provide visual informations in underground spaces where the environmental information can be acquired only by the surroundings expand their role as affordance for wayfinding. This study focuses on the visual performance evaluation of wayfinding factors on the subway transfer station platform and aisle as major space for movement in four subway transfe stations and analyzes the material, pattern, color, and lighting provided by the visual environment in underground space as directional marked label, regional differentiation and sign system. The results of this study comes are as follows. First, As to the directional marked label at the subway platform and transfer aisle, following patterns are colors, finishing materials and lighting for the sake of safety and convenience, And regional differentiation, following colors are patterns for the space division. Finally sign system which practically provides the most information, however, it is most insufficient to be a space-preception element. Second, According to the type of platform structures, such as an island platform and a separate platform, the main areas of and necessity for the space-perception elements may bring about changes. Third, these four stations that has been analyzed for this study, lighting, compared with color, finishing material and pattern, has been highly insufficient to be a perception element.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 2004

In order to account for a price variation of apartment that places near a newly constructed subway station, a spatial hedonic model was developed to examine spacial characteristics that affect a purchasing price of an apartment using a White Estimator. In particular, the paper aims to examine various effects of subway 7 construction on an apartment price in Seoul Metropolitan Area. As explanatory variables, an apartment size, distance to a closest subway station, distance to the Central Business District (CBD) of Seoul, the number of years after building, and a lagged variable of the apartment purchasing price were used. The lagged variable plays a role of representing a spatial weighted average of previous prices of other apartments that locate within 3 km from the apartment. For a precise study, an entire sample was divided into two sets, southern area and southwestern area of Seoul, and two different spatial hedonic models were estimated. Not only before and after analysis, but also with and without analysis were conducted to compare with different effects of the spatial characteristics of two areas. The results show that before the construction of the subway 7, the prices of the apartments in the southern area were more sensitive to the apartment size, the distance to a closest subway station, the distance to the CBD, and the prices of the other apartments locating within 3km rather than those in the southwestern area. After the construction, on contrast, it is found that the apartment purchasing prices in the southwestern area are more sensitive than those in the southern area due to people's expectation regarding a new development around the subway station. In addition, the prices of the apartments locating closely with a transfer station are more likely to go up by increase in the apartment size, the distance to the station, and the prices of the other apartments within 3 km. Compared with the negative effects of the distance to the station on the prices in the other models, the positive effect of the distance to the transfer station might be caused by the characteristics of commercial area in which people are not likely to live.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.101-113
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• 2022

A new type of fabricated subway station construction technology can effectively solve these problems. For a new type of metro structure form, it is necessary to clarify its mechanical properties, especially the seismic performance. A soil-structure elastoplastic finite element model is established to perform three-dimensional nonlinear dynamic time-history analysis based on the first fabricated station structure-Yuanjiadian station of Changchun Metro Line 2, China. Firstly, the nonlinear seismic response characteristics of the fabricated and cast-in-place subway stations under different seismic wave excitations are compared and analyzed. Then, a comprehensive analysis of several important parameters that may affect the seismic response of fabricated subway stations is given. The results show that the maximum plastic strain, the interlayer deformation, and the internal force of fabricated station structures are smaller than that of cast-in-place structure, which indicates that the fabricated station structure has good deformation coordination capability and mechanical properties. The seismic responses of fabricated stations were mainly affected by the soil-structure stiffness ratio, the soil inertia effect, and earthquake load conditions rarely mentioned in cast-in-place stations. The critical parameters have little effect on the interlayer deformation but significantly affect the joints' opening distance and contact stress, which can be used as the evaluation index of the seismic performance of fabricated station structures. The presented results can better understand the seismic responses and guide the seismic design of the fabricated station.

• International Journal of Safety
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 2008

With ever increasing number of citizen using subway stations everyday, safety, health and comfort of passengers and occupants (mostly metro personnel) have become important social issues. Considering the fact that various physical variables and pollutants such as particulate, VOCs and biological agents are closely related to indoor air quality (IAQ) which may cause health problems, a method of quantitative assessment using information-theoretic measure on such variables needs to be devised and implemented for comfort, health and safety of passengers and occupants in the subway station. A basic framework for assessing indoor air quality (for comfort and health) and safety in subway station is suggested. In particular, application of information-theoretic measure for the assessment of indoor air quality, comfort and safety in subway station is discussed. Some examples are presented as well.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.88-95
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• 2009

Most of subway stations are located underground and the number of passengers is far more than that of designed value, therefore the risk of accident is growing bigger and serious damage is expected in case of disaster. In Korea the period of evacuation study is short and numerical and experimental data of evacuation phenomena in subway station is rare. Many egress evaluation depend on foreign commercial S/Ws which are not yet proven its availability in special case such as subway station. In this paper outflow coefficients which are essential in egress evaluation are calculated at train door, stairway and turnstile at 3 most crowed subway stations. This numerical data can be used in prediction of egress evaluation and the result of other prediction methods can be verified with these experimental data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.934-937
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to present a fundamental data to get the noise reduction method of subway station in Gwang-ju city. Subway noise level measurement and questionnaire on the satisfaction of sound condition were carried out. The results show that the noise level of the subway station and the noise reduction effect installed by screen door is over 10 dB(A).

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.1342-1347
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• 2011

Advantages of the deeply underground subway are underground space efficiency, high speed, decrease of noise and vibration. However, when fire occurs in the deeply underground subway station, large casualties are occurred like Daegu subway station fire due to the increase of evacuation distance. In this study, a numerical analysis was performed by using the fire and evacuation analysis program FDS+EVAC for smoke movement and evacuation in Beotigogae station among the deeply underground subway station. Heat release rate of carriage fire was set 10MW and the fire growth rate was ultrafast. As a result, the smoke move to the exit at 1085 second. The total evacuation time took 956 second.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.418-429
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• 2007

This study aims to investigate the relationship between spatial layout and space use pattern in subway station. Details investigation is carried out using space syntax method and observation of people's movement in Kangnam subway station. Space syntax method describes spatial layout quantitatively. The study reveals that space use pattern can be predicted by spatial layout of subway station using space syntax method. This study suggests that by applying space syntax method in planning stage we can design subway station objectively considering passenger's movement.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.81-86
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• 2008

In this study, numerical simulations were carried out to analyze the effect of the smoke extraction system and fire shutters in subway station fires using FDS 4.0. Subway station used in the experiment was 205 m long. Simulation results are validated by comparing with experimental results. Simulation results showed good agreement with experimental results within $20\;^{\circ}C$. 20 MW polystyrene was used as a fuel in the numerical prediction. Numerical predictions were performed in the side-platform type subway station in case of a train fire. Temperature and CO concentration were lowered by the operation of smoke extraction system.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.10 no.3 s.40
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• pp.313-318
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• 2007

In this study, numerical simulations were carried out to analyze the effect of the smoke extraction system and fire shutters in subway station fires using FDS 4.0. Subway station used in the experiment was 145 m long. Simulation results are validated by comparing with experimental results. Simulation results showed good agreement with experimental results within $10^{\circ}C$. 10 MW polystyrene was used as a fuel in the numerical prediction. Numerical predictions were performed in the center-platform type subway station in case of a kiosk fire. Temperature and CO concentration were lowered by the operation of smoke extraction system. But, the operation of fire shutters had little effect on temperature and CO concentration in the platform level.