• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.29-32
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• 2021

Benign submandibular gland tumor is a common disease in the head and neck region and can be completely removed by transcervical approach. Typical submandibular gland resection can lead to neurological complications. The most common complications are damage to the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve and weakening of the lower lip. We report a case of ipsilateral lower lip twitching occurring 3 months after surgery. There was no difficulty during the operation, and there were no neurologic complications immediate after surgery. However, in the present case, the patient experienced lower lip twitching paradoxically after surgery which has not been reported in the literature yet. Therefore, we reported this case with a review of relevant literature.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.35-38
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• 2014

Sclerosing polycystic adenosis(SPA) is a pathology of salivary gland which occurs infrequently. It has a controversial etiology. It is a recently described and extremely rare disease entity. Its reactive, sclerosing and inflammatory process is similar to fibrocystic changes and adenosis tumor of breast. Most cases has been reported to be occurred within major salivary glands. This disease is frequently confused with other salivary gland carcinomas, especially because of its histomorphological similarity. Here, we report a case of SPA within the submandibular gland in a 62-year-old woman.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.345-353
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• 2000

This study was to investigate normal salivary flow rates and normal indices of Quantitative analysis of salivary scintigraphy. 96 adult volunteers were studied by Questionnaire evaluating salivary conditions and clinical examinations. 35(male 23, female 12, age range 23-31years) that absented subjective and objective symptoms related saliva were classified as normal group. The normal group underwent measurement unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates and salivary scintigraphy. The obtained results were as follows: 1. There were not significant in sex differences of unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates. The unstimulated salivary flow rate was $0.66{\pm}0.41g/min$, stimulated salivary flow rates was $1.61{\pm}0.69g/min$. 2. As comparing of parameters of salivary scintigraphy, the Uptake ratio(UR), $T_{max}$, $T_{min}$, Maximum accumulation (MA), Maximum secretion(MS) of parotid and submandibular glands were not significant in sex and side-ralated differences. 3. The UR, $T_{max}$, MA, MS of parotid gland were significantly higher than those of submandibular gland; in the parotid gland, UR, $3.67{\pm}0.88$, $T_{max}$, $18.77{\pm}0.43min$, MA, $41.35{\pm}9.22%$, MS, $43.13{\pm}9.13%$; in the submandibular gland, UR, $3.04{\pm}0.10$, $T_{max}$, $18.48{\pm}0.52min$, MA, $36.47{\pm}14.18%$, MS, $36.88{\pm}12.20%$. 4. As classifying of time-activity curve, the most of parotid gland was N-type(97.1%), submandibular gland was observed in order of M-type(67.1%), N-type(21.4%), F-type(11.4%), however, was not observed S-type. 5. As the type of time-activity curve of submandibular gland was more flattened, the UR, $T_{max}$, MA, MS were significantly decresed.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.49-52
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• 2001

Salivary duct carcinoma is an uncommon aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm with similarity to intraductal carcinoma of the breast. This neoplasm occurs most often in the parotid gland of middle-aged and older males. About 7% of reported tumors occured in the submandibular gland. The report of salivary duct carcinoma with calcification is rare. We report a case of salivary duct carcinoma with calcification in the submandibular gland. The patient was a 73-year-old male with a mass of the right submandibular gland for 1 year. On the fine needle aspiration cytology, the aspirate showed scant cellularity, small clusters of tumor cells, and scattered small calcifications. Nuclei of the tumor cells showed mild pleomorphism and round to oval in shape, and cytoplasm was abundant and finely granular. Nucleoli were indistinct and necrosis was not noted. There were no cribriform or papillary arrangements of tumor cells. Cytologlc findings of salivary duct carcinoma are variable depending on histologic findings, and calcifications could be an additional cytologic findings.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.93-102
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• 1986

The author examined fifty cases of sialolithiasis diagnosed in the Dept. of Oral Radiology in SNUH by conventional radiography and sialography, and analyzed patient's age, sex, location, radio density, numbers, shapes, and relation with ducts and parenchymas. 1. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The average age of patients was 38.6 years in submandibular sialolithiasis, and 39.2 years in parotid sialolithiasis. 2. There was slightly higher incidence in males (58.0%) than in females (42.0%). 3. Salivary stones were found to be much more in the submandibular gland and duct (82.0%) than in the parotid gland and duct (18.0%). 4. Of 62 submandibular salivary stones, 33 (53.2%) occurred in the main duct, 25 (40.3%) occurred in the hilum, and 4 (6.5%) occurred in the parenchyma. Of 18 parotid salivary stones, 9(50.0%) occurred in the main duct, 5(27.8%) occurred in the parenchyma, and 4(22.2%) occurred in the hilum. 5. Of the submandibular salivary stones, the number of radiopaque type was 45 (75.8%), and the number of radiolucent type was 17 (24.2%). Of the parotid salivary stones, the number of radiopaque type was 12 (66.7%), and the number of radiolucent type was 6(33.3%). 6. The single type was 30 cases (73.2%) in submandibular gland, 6 cases (66.7%) in parotid gland, and the multiple type was 11 cases (26.8%) in submandibular gland, and 3 cases (33.3%) in parotid gland. 7. Round shape was 35 cases (43.8%), ovoid shape was 22 cases (27.5%), irregular shape was 17 cases (21.3%), and cylindrical shape was 6 cases (7.5%).

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.216-220
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• 2010

Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is rare, aggressive, poorly understood malignancy that occurs in the salivary glands. The patient was 70-year-old male presenting ovoid elevated submandibular mass that has been present for 30 years and rapid growing for 6 months. The initial cytologic finding by fine needle aspiration biopsy showed highly malignant cells and the radiologic finding revealed a $3.6{\times}3.7{\times}4.8cm$ sized mass with cervical lymphadenopathy. After wide excision of submandibular gland and modified radical neck dissection, the histologic examination revealed that tumor was composed partly of a benign pleomorphic adenoma and partly of an adenocarcinoma component with areas of calcification and frequent angiolymphatic invasion. We present a rare case of adenocarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma with tumor thrombus in the submandibular gland.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.27-31
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• 2023

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), formerly known as Wegener's granulomatosis, is a rare immunological small vessel disease which usually affects respiratory tract and kidneys. However, salivary gland involvement in GPA is rare as a primary manifestation. We report a case of GPA with the primary presentation of submandibular gland involvement. A 48-year-old female patient presented submandibular swelling with a skin defect that lasted for 1 month. Although the biopsy result was chronic inflammation, the skin defect did not heal for a month. Further imaging study revealed multiple lung and renal masses. More clinical manifestations such as gingivitis, ischemic change of finger joint and nasal tip skin, and positive c-ANCA test was presented. Additional biopsy was made at the submandibular gland, lung, and finger skin. The patient was finally diagnosed with GPA and treated with steroid pulse therapy and cyclophosphamide. The patient showed improvement of prior clinical symptoms.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.41-44
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• 2023

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is rare lymphoid sarcoma occurs anywhere in body, mostly in lymph nodes. Sixty-two-year-old man presented left submandibular gland region mass for 5 months. Mass excision with submandibular gland resection was performed. Histopathology showed proliferation of spindle and ovoid cells with storiform arrangement which were positive for CD21, CD23, Vimentin, Ki-67, suggested FDCS in submandibular gland region lymph node. Tumor size was 3cm with no involvement of resection margin, nor cellular atypia and necrosis, so regular follow up was performed. After 4 years, new enhancing mass in left submandibular area was found. Wide excision of mass with neck dissection on left level I-III was performed. Histopathology confirmed recurrence of FDCS. The patient underwent radiation therapy from left mandible to hyoid area. After 2 years, new nodule was found in left lung upper lobe, and wedge resection confirmed metastasis of FDCS. The patient is on adjuvant chemotherapy.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.87-91
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• 2018

Sialolithiasis is the most frequent disease of the salivary glands, causing swelling and/or pain of the affected site. We report a 44-year-old woman who presented with severe pain in the lower left second molar region without swelling. Sialoliths on her left submandibular gland were confirmed by radiographic examinations. After robot-assisted sialoadenectomy, the pain did not recur but remained facial paralysis and unaesthetic scar.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 2022

Background: Estrogen deficiency affects the structure and function of the salivary glands in women, leading to a decrease in salivary secretion and a change in the composition of saliva. Previous studies on changes in the salivary glands that cause estrogen deficiency have reported only partial results for the parotid and submandibular glands, and there are few comparative morphological studies of histological changes between the parotid and submandibular glands in ovariectomized rats (OVX) leading to estrogen deficiency. This study aimed to analyze the histopathological and histochemical changes in the parotid and submandibular salivary glands causing estrogen deficiency by using OVX, and to discuss the mechanism on these changes. Methods: The parotid and submandibular glands from sacrificed control and OVX groups were fixed with cold 4% paraformaldehyde in phosphate buffer (pH 7.2). The tissues were dehydrated using a series of graded ethyl alcohol and embedded in paraffin. For histopathological analysis, sections cut to a thickness of 6 to 7 ㎛ were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). For histochemical analysis, Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Alcian blue (AB, pH 2.5), and PAS+AB (pH 2.5 and pH 1) staining was performed. Results: Histopathological analysis of OVX tissue showed that the parotid and submandibular salivary glands were broadly and clearly separated and divided into lobes. In OVX, acinar and ductal cells with condensed polymorphic or pyknotic nucleus, which are presumed to be characteristic of apoptotic cells, and degenerated cells with lipid deposition in cytoplasmic granules and ruptured membranes were increased. Histochemical analysis of OVX, confirmed an increase in the number and acidification of acinar secretory granules. Conclusion: Histopathological and histochemical changes and the effects of estrogen deficiency are more evident in the submandibular salivary gland than in the parotid gland.