• 공업화학
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.404-411
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• 2023

바이오가스 직접 개질을 위해 플라즈마 방전영역을 확장할 수 있는 3상 글라이딩 아크 플라즈마 수소 추출기를 설계하고 스팀과 메탄의 부피 비율, 가스 유량, 플라즈마 입력 전력에 대해 개질 특성을 평가하여 운전 조건을 최적화했다. 수소생산효율은 플라즈마 에너지 밀도가 작을수록 증가하는 것으로 확인되었지만 C_XH_Y 혹은 carbon soot와 같은 촉매 내구성에 영향을 줄 수 있는 부산물들이 발생했다. 부산물 생성을 억제하기 위해 스팀과 메탄의 비율 혹은 플라즈마 에너지 밀도를 높여야 했고 플라즈마 개질기 최적 조건으로 스팀과 메탄의 비율을 3, 플라즈마 에너지 밀도를 5.5 ~ 6.0 kJ/L로 선정했다. 또한 플라즈마 개질기에서 발생하는 열이 반응가스를 500 ℃ 이상까지 올려줄 수 있어 바이오가스 버너의 연료사용량을 줄여 수소생산효율을 높일 수 있을 것으로 기대할 수 있다.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2024

SrTiO₃ (STO) 기판 위에 성장된 LaAlO₃ (LAO) 계면에서의 이차원 전자 가스 (2DEG)의 발견은 복합 산화물 이종 구조를 기반으로 한 혁신적인 전자소자 연구의 장을 제공함으로써 많은 관심을 받아왔다. 하지만 LAO 박막을 형성하기 위하여, 일반적으로 물리기상증착법(PVD)을 기반으로 하는 펄스 레이저 증착 (PLD) 등의 기법이 주로 사용되어 왔으나, 공정 비용이 많이 들며 LAO 내 La와 Al의 정밀한 조성 제어가 어려운 단점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 PVD에 비해 경제적인 대안인 용액 기반 공정을 사용하여 LAO 박막을 제조하였고, 그 전기적 특성을 평가하였다. LAO 전구체 용액의 농도를 다르게 하여 LAO의 두께를 2에서 65 nm까지 변화시켰으며, 각 두께에 따른 면저항 및 캐리어 농도를 도출하였다. 진공 열처리 후 형성된 전도성 채널의 면저항 값은 0.015에서 0.020 Ω·sq^-1 범위로 나타났으며, 이러한 결과는 기존 문헌과 비교하였을 때 LAO와 STO 사이의 계면에서의 전자 이동뿐만 아니라 계면으로부터 떨어져 있는 STO bulk 영역으로의 전자 전도를 시사한다. 본 연구 결과는 용액 기반 공정을 통한 2DEG 형성 및 제어를 구현한 것으로, 공정 비용을 줄이고 전자 소자 제조에서 보다 광범위한 응용 가능성을 제시한다는 점에 그 의의가 있다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2022

폐리튬이온배터리를 고온에서 용융환원시키면 코발트, 니켈 및 구리 금속합금상을 얻을 수 있다. 이러한 금속합금상으로부터 금속을 분리회수하기 위한 공정을 개발하기 위해 코발트, 니켈 및 구리 금속을 혼합한 금속혼합물을 3% 과산화수소를 함유한 2 M 황산용액으로 침출하면 9.6%의 구리와 함께 코발트와 니켈이 모두 침출된다. 침출용액에서 Cyanex 301로 구리(II)가 선택적으로 추출되었으며, 30% 왕수로 구리(II)를 탈거했다. 구리가 분리된 여액에서 이온성액체인 ALi-SCN으로 Co(II)를 선택적으로 추출했으며, 15%의 암모니아용액으로 3단의 교차식 탈거를 통해 모두 탈거했다. 본 연구를 통해 코발트, 니켈 및 구리 금속혼합물의 황산침출액에서 용매추출로 세 금속을 분리할 수 있는 공정을 제안했다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2024

The conventional degreasing process involves removing oil and contaminants at temperatures above 80℃, resulting in excessive energy consumption, increased process costs, and environmental issues. In this study, we aimed to find the optimal degreasing conditions for the pre-treatment process of electro-galvanizing cold-rolled steel sheets, conducted efficiently at room temperature without the need for a separate heating device. To achieve this, we developed a room temperature degreasing solution and a brush-type degreasing tool, aiming to reduce energy consumption and normalize the decrease in degreasing efficiency caused by temperature reduction. Alkaline degreasing solution were prepared using KOH, SiO₂, NaOH, Na₂CO₃, and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, with KOH and NaOH as the main components. To enhance the degreasing performance at room temperature, we manufactured additives including sodium oleate, sodium stearate, sodium palmitate, sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, silicone emulsion, and EDTA-Na. Room temperature additives were added to the alkaline degreasing solution in quantities ranging from 0.1 to 20 wt.%, and the uniformity of degreasing and the adhesion of the galvanized layer were evaluated through Dyne Test, T-bending Test, OM, SEM, and EDS analyses. The results indicated that the optimal degreasing solution composition consisted of NaOH (30 g/L), Na₂CO₃ (30 g/L), SLS (6 g/L), and room temperature additives (≤1 wt%).

• 대한수학회보
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.677-690
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• 2020

In this article, we study a reaction-diffusion system with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions, which describing a three-species food chain model. Under some conditions, the predator-prey subsystem (u₁ ≡ 0) has a unique positive solution (${\bar{u_2}}$, ${\bar{u_3}}$). By using the birth rate of the prey r1 as a bifurcation parameter, a connected set of positive solutions of our system bifurcating from semi-trivial solution set (r₁, (0, ${\bar{u_2}}$, ${\bar{u_3}}$)) is obtained. Results are obtained by the use of degree theory in cones and sub and super solution techniques.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.353-366
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• 2021

The solubilities of different multicomponent lanthanide oxide (Ln₂O₃) solid solutions including binary (Ln₁ and Ln₂ = La, Nd, Eu, or Tm), ternary (Ln₁, Ln₂, and Ln₃ = La, Nd, Eu, or Tm), and higher systems (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu) were studied after aging for four weeks at 60℃. Our recent study revealed that the phase transformations in binary ((La, Nd) and (La, Eu)) and ternary (La, Nd, Eu) systems are responsible for the formation of (La, Nd)(OH)₃, (La, Eu)(OH)₃, and (La, Nd, Eu)(OH)₃ solid solutions, respectively. The variations in the mole fractions of La³⁺, Nd³⁺, and Eu³⁺ in the sample solutions of these hydroxide solid solutions indicated that a thermodynamic equilibrium might account for the apparent La, Nd, and Eu solubilities. Conversely, the binary and ternary systems containing Tm₂O₃ as the heavy lanthanide oxide retained the oxide-based solid solutions, and their solubility behaviors were dominated by their congruent dissolutions. In the higher multicomponent system, the X-ray diffraction patterns of the solid phases, before and after contact with the aqueous phase indicated the formation of a stable oxide solid solution and their solubility behavior was explained by its congruent dissolution.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.133-147
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• 2024

Let G = (V, E) be a connected finite graph. We study the existence of solutions for the following generalized Chern-Simons equation on G $${\Delta}u={\lambda}e^u(e^u-1)^5+4{\pi}\sum_{s=1}^{N}\delta_{ps}$$, where λ > 0, δ_ps is the Dirac mass at the vertex p_s, and p₁, p₂, . . . , p_N are arbitrarily chosen distinct vertices on the graph. We show that there exists a critical value $\hat{\lambda}$ such that when λ > $\hat{\lambda}$, the generalized Chern-Simons equation has at least two solutions, when λ = $\hat{\lambda}$, the generalized Chern-Simons equation has a solution, and when λ < $\hat{\lambda}$, the generalized Chern-Simons equation has no solution.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.163-170
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• 1997

Solubility on $(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ in water has been measured systematically and compared with those of pure LiBr. It has been observed that there exists optimum value of $CaCl_2(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ in solubility when total$(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ concentration is higher than 57wt%. As total concentration increases up to 65wt%, it is found that the optimum value also increases monotonically. From the experimental results, a master plot has been constructed, with which optimum ratio of LiBr to $CaCl_2$ can be found in terms of total concentration. Vapor pressure of $H_2O/(LiBr+CaCl_2)$ solution with optimum contents of $CaCl_2$ has been observed to be changed negligibly at relatiely low temperature. However, as temperature increases, it is found that increasement in vapor pressure is significant.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.372-376
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• 2015

The experiment was performed using the cleaning precipitator To investigate the absorption efficiency of the $SO_X/NO_X$ of the aqueous ammonia solution. Concentration of the cleaning liquid is 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% with increasing absorption efficiency has improved. However, the reaction shown only a difference in time. Absorption efficiency has improved in accordance with the gas residence time. When the direction of the same gas and the cleaning liquid is determined that there is the effect of increasing the residence time. The relative impact of $SO_X$ and $NO_X$ is this likely to react slower than $SO_X/NO_X$. The yield is determined to require adjustment of the cleaning dust collector according to the concentration of the next gas.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2016

The corrosion behavior of aluminum alloys in the $H_2SO_4$ solution was investigated based on potentiodynamic techniques. Electrochemical properties, such as corrosion potential($E_c$), passive potential($E_p$), corrosion current density($I_c$), corrosion rate(mpy), of Al-Mg-Si, Al-Cu-Si and Al-Si alloys were characterized at room temperature. Passive aluminum oxide film, which including $Al_2(SO_4)_3$ and $3Al_2O_34SO_38H_2O$, were uniformly formed on the surface via the reaction of Al with $SO{_3}^{2-}$ or $SO{_4}^{2-}$ ions in the $H_2SO_4$ solution and the dependence of the corrosion behavior on the alloying element was discussed. The selective leaching of alloy element increased with increasing Cu content in the aluminum alloys.