• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.920-932
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• 2010

Many topics in science, especially, abstract concepts, relationships, properties, entities in invisible ranges, are described in mathematical representations such as formula, numbers, symbols, and graphs. Although the mathematical representation is an essential tool to better understand scientific phenomena, the mathematical element is pointed out as a reason for learning difficulty and losing interests in science. In order to further investigate the relationship between mathematics knowledge and science understanding, the current study examined 793 high school students' understanding of the pH value. As a measure of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution, the pH value is an appropriate example to explore what a student mathematical structure of logarithm is and how they interpret the proportional relationship of numbers for scientific explanation. To the end, students were asked to write their responses on a questionnaire that is composed of nine content domain questions and four affective domain questions. Data analysis of this study provides information for the relationship between student understanding of the pH value and related mathematics knowledge.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.728-735
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• 2005

이 연구는 학생들의 인지적 정의적 특성과 컴퓨터 보조 수업을 한 후의 개념 이해도와 관계를 조사하였다. 장의존-장독립성, 학습 전략, 자기 조절 능력, 시각적 학습 선호도, 성취 목적, 능력에 대한 자아 효능감, 개념 검사를 실시하였다. 학생들에게 컴퓨터 보조 수업을 실시한 후에 '분자의 운동'에 관한 개념 검사를 하였다. 학생들의 개념 이해도는 인지적 특성들 중에서 장의존-장독립성, 학습 전략, 자기 조절 능력, 정의적 특성 중에서는 시각적 학습 선호도, 성취 목적, 능력에 대한 자아 효능감과 CAl에 대한 태도와 유의미한 상관이 있었다. 개념 이해에 관한 인지적 특성들의 중다 회귀 분석 결과, 장의존-장독립성은 가장 유의미한 예언 변인이었다. 자기 조절 능력과 심층적 학습 전략도 유의미한 예언 변인 이었다. 정의적 특성들에 관한 분석 결과에서는 시각적 학습 선호도, 능력에 대한 자아 효능감이 학생들의 개념 이해에 유의미한 예언 변인이었다.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.719-745
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• 2012

초등학교 4학년 수학은 도형 영역에서 다양한 개념들이 동시에 등장하는 시기로, 특히 삼각형이나 사각형 등과 같은 평면도형의 경우 그 개념이 총체적으로 학습되는 시기이다. 본 연구는 초등학교 4학년 학생들을 대상으로 그들이 학습한 도형 개념들에 대한 이해 정도를 파악하기 위해 '정의하기' 서술형 평가를 실시하고, 또한 그들이 갖고 있는 비형식적인 지식을 살펴보기 위한 '이름짓기'(naming) 서술형 평가를 실시하였다. 이를 통해 학생들이 이해하고 있는 도형의 개념정의와 개념이미지를 분석하고, 각각의 특징 및 반복해서 등장하는 오 개념과 그 원인을 분석하여 도형을 학습하고 지도하는 과정에서 생각해볼 유의점을 제안하고 있다. 더불어 학생들의 이름짓기 활동을 통해 도형의 어떤 요소에 가장 먼저 주목하는가를 분석함으로써 이 과정에서 그들이 인식하지 못하거나 빈도가 낮게 나타난 수학적 성질과 개념을 살펴보고 동시에 학교수학에서 도형 학습을 통해 갖게 되는 비형식적 지식을 고찰함으로써 도형 영역의 학습 지도를 위한 개선 방안을 제시하고 있다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.41-56
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• 2005

Assessing students' knowledge can be a challenging endeavor, as researchers attempt to capture the full complexity and potential development of children's ideas. In this study, the Dynamic Science Assessment (DSA) method (Magnusson, Templin, and Boyle, 1997) was employed to investigate 9-12 year old students' understandings of light, while engaging in multiple tasks with a flashlight with various reflectors and mirrors. The results showed that DSA was effective in providing an opportunity to establish a Zone of Proximal Development, in addition to diagnosing a student's prior understanding. Throughout the interview, a student showed a conceptual model of light as being a solid single entity whose shape can be determined by the shape of the casing of a flashlight. However, as DSA provided phenomena that could not be explained by his unitary model, the student began to re-examine his original conceptual model, and attempted to revise it. This study addressed how Dynamic Science Assessment can help us better understand, not only students' current state of understanding, but also a potential development of understanding in their ZPD. In that sense, this study argues that we should pay more attention to the instructive role of classroom assessment that can promote and support further development of students' deeper understandings.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.317-330
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• 2020

The purpose of this action research project was to study the effects of incorporating coding into the middle school math classroom affected student dispositions with math and their understanding of mathematical concepts. The project, involving a total of 107 US middle school students, used five data sources to examine these effects: a survey, a chart measuring student engagement, a pre- and post-assessment before and after the coding project, and teacher observation with reflection forms. After analyzing the data, it was found that incorporating coding into the middle school math classroom could have a positive impact on student math dispositions and their understanding of math concepts.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.255-278
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• 2021

Proof serves a critical role in mathematical practices as well as in fostering student's mathematical understanding. However, the research literature accumulates results that there are not many opportunities available for students to engage with proving-related activities and that students' understanding about proof is not promising. This unpromising state of instruction of proof calls for a novel approach to address the aforementioned issues. This study investigated an instruction of proof to explore a pedagogy to teach how to prove. The teacher utilized the way of problem posing to make proving a routine part of everyday lesson and changed the classroom culture to support student proving. The study identified the teacher's support for student proving, the key pedagogical changes that embraced proving as part of everyday lesson, and what changes the teacher made to cultivate the classroom culture to be better suited for establishing a supportive community for student proving. The results indicate that problem posing has a potential to embrace proof into everyday lesson.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.346-352
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• 2009

제7차 교육 과정의 7학년 과학교과서에서 화학영역의 용어를 분석하고 한자 화학용어에 대해 한문 선택반과 비한문 선택반 학생들의 난이도와 이해도를 분석하였다. 7학년 과학교과서에서 한자용어의 비율은 6차 교육 과정에 비하여 약간 줄어들었으나 여전히 70%가 넘게 높았다. 학생들은 추상적인 개념어를 주로 어려워했으며, 전문용어를 비전문 용어보다 어렵게 생각하고 구체어거나 일상적으로 많이 사용하는 용어를 쉽게 생각하였다. 학생들의 한자용어에 대한 이해도의 경향은 난이도와 대부분 일치하였다. 한자화학용어에 대한 이해도는 한문 선택반 학생들이 높았으며, 쉽게 전환된 화학용어에 대해 비교군의 차이가 없었고 모두 한자 화학용어에 대한 이해도보다 크게 향상되었다. 따라서 한자용어를 한글로 전환하여 가능한 쉽고 익숙한 한글 위주의 국 한 혼용의 용어로 교과서가 쓰인다면 과학교과에 대한 이해도가 향상되리라고 생각된다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2005

Although student-centered teaching practices have been advocated in mathematics education reform, implementing them at the classroom level remains challenging. This exploratory case study examined two unevenly successful student-centered approaches to see how teachers understand and characterize reform, and to articulate issues in implementing reform ideas. The comparison and contrast between the classrooms showed similar classroom social norms but dramatically different mathematical practices. This affords the possibility of exploring the challenges of reform for teachers and other personnel who are attempting to move teaching practices towards the student-centered ideals.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.127-141
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• 2007

This paper compares and analyzes mathematics teachers' understanding of students' mathematical comprehension after experiences with the Cognitively Guided Instruction (CGI) or the Development of Mathematical Ideas (DMI) teaching strategies. This report sheds light on current issues confronted by the educational system in the context of mathematics teaching and learning. In particular, the declining rate of mathematical literacy among adolescents is discussed. Moreover, examples of CGI and DMI teaching strategies are presented to focus on the impact of these teaching styles on student-centered instruction, teachers' belief, and students' mathematical achievement, conceptual understanding and word problem solving skills. Hence, with a gradual enhancement of reformed ways of teaching mathematics in schools and the reported increase in student achievement as a result of professional development with new teaching strategies, teacher professional development programs that emphasize teachers' understanding of students' mathematical comprehension is needed rather than the currently dominant traditional pedagogy of direct instruction with a focus on teaching problem solving strategies.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.303-325
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• 2003

This study sought to provide an explanation of university students' concept understanding on the infinity and infinite process and utilized a psychological constructivist perspective to examine the differences in transitions that students make from static concept of limit to actualized infinity stage in context of problems. Open-ended questions were used to gather data that were used to develop an explanation concerning student understanding. 47 university students answered individually and were asked to solve 16 tasks developed by Petty(1996). Microgenetic method with two cases from the expert-novice perspective were used to develop and substantiate an explanation regarding students' transitions from static concept of limit to actualized infinity stage. The protocols were analyzed to document student conceptions. Cifarelli(1988)'s levels of reflective abstraction and Robert(1982) and Sierpinska(1985)'s three-stage concept development model of infinity and infinite process provided a framework for this explanation. Students who completed a transition to actualized infinity operated higher levels of reflective abstraction than students who was unable to complete such a transition. Developing this ability was found to be critical in achieving about understanding the concept of infinity and infinite process.