• Title/Summary/Keyword: structure of practical knowledge

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Middle School Mathematics Teachers' Responses to a Student's Mistaken Mathematical Conjecture and Justification

  • Kim, Young-Ok
    • East Asian mathematical journal
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.109-135
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of the study was to investigate the reality of middle school mathematics teachers' subject matter knowledge for teaching mathematical conjecture and justification. Data in the study were collected through interviewing nine Chinese and ten Korean middle school mathematics teachers. The teachers responded to the question that was designed in the form of a scenario that presents a teaching task related to a geometrical topic. The teachers' oral responses were audiotaped and transcribed, and their written notes were collected. The results of the study were compared to the analysis of American and Chinese elementary and secondary teachers' responses to the same task in Ball (1988) and Ma (1999). The findings of the study suggested that teachers' approaches to explaining and demonstrating a mathematical topic were significantly influenced by their knowledge of learners and knowledge of the curriculum they teach. One of the practical implications of the study is that teachers should recognize the advantages of learning the conceptual structure of a mathematical topic. It allows the teachers to have the flexibility to come up with meaningful mathematical approaches to teaching the topic, which are comprehensible to the learners whatever the grade levels they teach, rather than rule-based algorithms.

Design of Fourth Generation Knowledge Management System based on Social Network Service (소셜 네트워크 서비스 기반의 4세대 지식관리시스템 설계 방안)

  • Ahn, Gilseung;Kwon, Minsung;Kang, Changwook;Hur, Sun
    • Journal of KIISE
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    • v.43 no.5
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    • pp.579-589
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    • 2016
  • Currently, corporations have introduced the knowledge management system that utilizes knowledge effectively for practical purpose and development of core ability. However, existing knowledge systems have failed to share the knowledge content due to lack of elements that encourage the members to participate in the system. In this study, we designed a novel knowledge management system that employs the structure of social network service (SNS). More precisely, screen layout according to function and several algorithms to improve user friendliness and produce integrated knowledge content are recommended. The proposed SNS-based knowledge management system encourages the enterprise members to participate in the system to produce and share valuable knowledge contents.

Neural Network Learning Algorithm for Variable Structure System (가변구조 시스템을 위한 신경회로망 학습 알고리즘)

  • Cho, Jeong-Ho;Lee, Dong-Wook;Kim, Young-T.
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 1996.11a
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    • pp.401-403
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    • 1996
  • In this paper, a new control strategy is presented that combines sliding mode control theory with a neural network. Sliding mode control theory requires the complete knowledge of the dynamics of the controlled system. However, in practice, one often bas only a small number of state measurements. This could be a serious limitation on the practical usefulness of sliding mode control theory. A multilayer neural network is employed to solve this kind of problem. The neural network serves as a compensator without a prior knowledge about the system. The proposed control algorithm is applied to a class of uncertain nonlinear system. The robustness against parameter uncertainty, nonlinearity and external disturbances, and the effectiveness is verified by the simulation results.

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Modularized Flexure-Hinge Nanopositioner Based on Four-Bar-Link-Mechanism (4절 링크구조를 응용한 플랙셔 힌지 기반 모듈형 나노포지셔너)

  • Chae, Ki-Woon;Bae, Jin-Hyun;Jeong, Young-Hun
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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    • v.28 no.7
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    • pp.851-858
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    • 2011
  • Nanopositioning technologies play an important role in the progress of electronics, optics, bio-engineering and various nano-scale technologies. As a result, various practical nanopositioning methods have been successfully introduced. Flexure mechanism is a valuable method in nanopositioning because of smooth and friction-free motion and the infinitesimal movement near to sub-nm. In this study a modularized nanopositioner based on parallelogram four-bar linkage structure with right-circular flexure hinge was developed. The positioning performance of a single axis nanopositioner and a XY nanopositioner which was extended from single axis one were demonstrated using control experiments. Consequently, it was shown that the developed single axis nanopositioner possessed high performance and could be extended to various multi-axis nanopositioners.

Monitoring using smart Phone (스마트 폰을 활용한 모니터링)

  • Park, Chun-Myoung
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2016.10a
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    • pp.768-769
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    • 2016
  • To prevent occupational disasters and build a pleasant work environment, it is necessary to develop a monitoring system to keep operators safe from the hazards. A variety of practical studies must be performed on application services designed to freely provide context-aware monitoring services in USN environments. This paper proposes a system in which work environment monitoring information can be monitored using a mobile phone and inference engine. The structure of a mobile work environment monitoring system is designed first. The proposed system is consisted of data manager, inference engine, database, and application knowledge base.

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Issues of Discourse Studies in Korean Language Education (한국어교육학에서의 담화 연구 분석)

  • Kang, Hyounhwa
    • Journal of Korean language education
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.219-256
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    • 2012
  • The aim of this study is to observe the trend of discourse study in language education and analyze the main issues by investigating the literatures related to discourse in Korean language education in the last ten years. This study observed the discourse study conducted in Korean language education from the perspectives of study subject, study method and study data. Moreover, based on the results, it estimated the achievements and effectiveness of the discourse study conducted in Korean language education. The subject of discourse study was mainly dealt with discourse function, discourse pattern, discourse marker, discourse structure. In the study methods, analysis of corpus and survey were mainly used as the study methods, and spoken corpus, written corpus and semi-spoken corpus were used as study materials. In particular, the semi-spoken corpus was used at a very high rate among them. This showed that discourse study in Korean language education was mainly focused on spoken corpus study. This study divided the detailed field of Korean language education into four fields of linguistic knowledge, communication function, teaching activities and learning activities, and observed the trends of discourse study in each field. Overall, it was recognized that relatively many studies were focused on linguistic knowledge, particularly in pragmatic perspective. It can be said that the study based on discourse has a language educational effectiveness in that it is based on actual data and improves practical communication skills in the environment of various languages.

A Comparative Study on the Curriculum on Electricity and Magnetism between in Korean and in (캐나다 Ontario주와 우리나라 초등학교의 전기, 자기 관련 교육 과정의 비교 연구)

  • Han, Moo-Hyun;Kim, Jong-Seong
    • Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.620-626
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    • 2005
  • In this study, we conducted a comparative study to investigate the curriculums on electricity and magnetism between in Korean and in Ontario elementary schools in Canada with respect to connectivity and difference among course materials with grades. We compared textbooks that contain the contents about electricity and magnetism, and connectivity in curriculums that were relevant to the science content system in each country. We report the following differences in the curriculums on electricity and magnetism in each country. First, it turns out that science is taught from the first grade in Ontario, while it is taught from the third grade in Korea. Second, Ontario covers electricity and magnetism only in science curriculum, while Korea covers the same topics both in the science and practical arts curriculum. Third, while the curriculum in Korea introduces 'a magnet' in the third grade, 'electricity' in the fourth and the fifth grade, and 'an electromagnet' in the sixth grade, while the curriculum in Ontario covers the concept of energy from the first grade. As the grades go up, the contents of electricity and magnetism tend to be more deepen. It also emphasizes enhancing students' ability that they can communicate what they learn about technology with others, and that they can apply their knowledge to other fields as well. Based on this study of the Ontario curriculum, we suggest that it is necessary for us to n Science curriculum from the first grade, so that the students can learn science from the early grade, without a need to run another subject, like practical arts. We also found that the Korean curriculum has an interesting structure for the young students to learn to apply their knowledge to the real life immediately, based on an idea that the topic of 'Manipulating the electric appliances' in practical arts curriculum moves to the Science.

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Case Study on the Development of Performance Indicators of Industrial R&D Program (산업 R&D 프로그램의 성과지표개발에 관한 사례연구)

  • Yang, Chun-Hee;Lee, Jae-Ha
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2012
  • The primary goal of this study is to develop proper performance indicators for evaluating the results of industrial R&D program. We define R&D results include output, transfer, outcome, and impact in the performance of R&D program. Performance indicators are focused on the results of R&D commercialization, building the industrial foundations as performance proxy of R&D program of Ministry of Knowledge Economy. And we first try to design the coupled structure as logical model between R&D program goals and performance indicators. The coupled structure is represented with objectives of group unit of R&D program, implementation process, R&D practical stage, and the ultimate goal of R&D program.

Exploring Influence of Network Structure, Organizational Learning Culture, and Knowledge Management Participation on Individual Creativity and Performance: Comparison of SI Proposal Team and R&D Team (네트워크 구조와 조직학습문화, 지식경영참여가 개인창의성 및 성과에 미치는 영향에 관한 실증분석: SI제안팀과 R&D팀의 비교연구)

  • Lee, Kun-Chang;Seo, Young-Wook;Chae, Seong-Wook;Song, Seok-Woo
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.101-123
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    • 2010
  • Recently, firms are operating a number of teams to accomplish organizational performance. Especially, ad hoc teams like proposal preparation team are quite different from permanent teams like R&D team in the sense of how the team forms network structure and deals with organizational learning culture and knowledge management participation efforts. Moreover, depending on the team characteristics, individual creativity will differ from each other, which will lead to organizational performance eventually. Previous studies in the field of creativity are lacking in this issue. So main objectives of this study are organized as follows. First, the issue of how to improve individual creativity and organizational performance will be analyzed empirically. This issue will be performed depending on team characteristics such as ad hoc team and permanent team. Antecedents adopted for this research objective are cultural and knowledge factors such as organizational learning culture, and knowledge management participation. Second, the network structure such as degree centrality, and structural hole is used to analyze its influence on individual creativity and organizational performance. SI (System Integration) companies are facing severely tough requirements from clients to submit very creative proposals. Also, R&D teams are widely accepted as relatively creative teams because their responsibilities are focused on suggesting innovative techniques to make their companies remain competitive in the market. SI teams are usually ad hoc, while R&D teams are permanent on an average. By taking advantage of these characteristics of the two kinds of teams, we will prove the validity of the proposed research questions. To obtain the survey data, we accessed 7 SI teams (74 members), and 6 R&D teams (63 members), collecting 137 valid questionnaires. PLS technique was applied to analyze the survey data. Results are as follows. First, in case of SI teams, organizational learning culture affects individual creativity significantly. Meanwhile, knowledge management participation has a significant influence on Individual creativity for the permanent teams. Second, degree centrality Influences individual creativity significantly in case of SI teams. This is comparable with the fact that structural hole has a significant impact on individual creativity for the R&D teams. Practical implications can be summarized as follows: First, network structure of ad hoc team should be designed differently from one of permanent team. Ad hoc team is supposed to show a high creativity in a rather short period, implying that network density among team members should be improved, and those members with high degree centrality should be encouraged to show their Individual creativity and take a leading role by allowing them to get heavily engaged in knowledge sharing and diffusion. In contrast, permanent team should be designed to take advantage of structural hole instead of focusing on network density. Since structural hole can be utilized very effectively in the permanent team, strong arbitrators' merits in the permanent team will increase and therefore helps increase both network efficiency and effectiveness too. In this way, individual creativity in the permanent team is likely to lead to organizational creativity in a seamless way. Second, way of Increasing individual creativity should be sought from the perspective of organizational culture and knowledge management. Organization is supposed to provide a cultural atmosphere in which Innovative idea suggestions and active discussion among team members are encouraged. In this way, trust builds up among team members, facilitating the formation of organizational learning culture. Third, in the ad hoc team, organizational looming culture should be built such a way that individual creativity can grow up fast in a rather short period. Since time is tight, reasonable compensation policy, leader's Initiatives, and learning culture formation should be done In a short period so that mutual trust is built among members quickly, and necessary knowledge and information can be learnt rapidly. Fourth, in the permanent team, it should be kept in mind that the degree of participation in knowledge management determines level of Individual creativity. Therefore, the team ought to facilitate knowledge circulation process such as knowledge creation, storage, sharing, utilization, and learning among team members, which will lead to team performance. In this way, firms must control knowledge networks in permanent team and ad hoc team in a way mentioned above so that individual creativity as well as team performance can be maximized.

The Relationship among Structure, Process, and Outcome Dimensions of Nursing Department in Hospitals (병원 간호조직의 구조, 과정, 결과적 차원의 관계)

  • Cho, Mee-Kyung
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.19-29
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship and the importance of relevant variables among structure, process, and outcome dimensions of nursing department in hospitals. The subject for this study was the registered nurses(N=400) working in medical, intensive care, and surgical units at 5 general hospitals with more than 500beds in Chungnam and Chungbuk. The research design was cross-sectional correlation among the variables based on their self description. The survey instrument was based on eleven structured questionnaires. The data were collected from April 26 to May 26, 1999. The SPSS/PC+ program and LISREL 8.12a program were used to analyze the data. Based on the data collected, the following results were obtained. The relationship among structural, procedural, and outcome dimensions 1. Structural dimension had a relationship with procedural dimension relating to decision-making of caregiving and working conditions, in particular, participation of the problem identification. 2. The extent of participation in decision-making had a relationship with organizational commitment and group effectiveness through the selection process among the total decision-making processes. 3. The structural dimension had a large direct effect rather than indirect effect through decision making processes on organizational commitment and group effectiveness. The relationship of structure, process, outcome dimensions was partially supported by this study. The information obtained from surveys in the field form the basis for the following recommendations for improving organizational effectiveness with in the nursing department in an hospitals. 1) Establishment of decentralized structure, environment, and culture in organizational settings would be desirable so that their members may actively participate in decision-making process. 2) Continuous education and training of nurses with theoretical Knowledge and skill of decision making, practical knowledge, and upright role perception should be highly emphasized for persons in nursing schools and in on-the-job training.

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