• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.256-266
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to identify the level of knowledge on and stress from delirium among recovery room nurses, and correlations between these factors. Methods: In this study, 125 nurses agreed to participate in the study were surveyed from October 8 to October 28, 2013. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\grave{e}}$ test and Pearson correlation. Results: Average percentage of correct answers to questions about delirium was 81.9% and the mean score was 26.22 (${\pm}5.01$). The mean score for recovery room nurses' work stress from emergency delirium was 3.86 (${\pm}0.99$). Extent of knowledge on delirium significantly differed by age (F=15.017, p<.001), length of clinical experience (F=22.132, p<.001), length of recovery room experience (F=10.538, p<.001), education (F=3.312, p =.040), and marital status (t=4.107, p<.001). Stress from ED was significantly related to age (F=9.185, p<.001), clinical experience (F=7.077, p=.001), and marital status (t=-2.027, p =.045). Knowledge on delirium had a negative relationship with stress from delirium (r=-.514, p<.001). Conclusion: Results show that nurses gained knowledge of delirium from their own clinical experience indicating a need to develop educational programs to improve knowledge on delirium and plans to reduce stress from delirium for recovery room nurses.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2016

This study aimed to evaluate the health concern, eating habits, dietary behavior, and psychological stress among middle-aged adults in Chungnam according to their exercise status. A total of 437 adults with a mean age of 42.6 years participated in this study and completed a questionnaire survey. The subjects were divided into one of three groups according to their exercise status: never doing exercise (NDE; n=144), doing exercise once a week (DEO; n=186), and doing exercise twice a week or more (DET; n=107). Results demonstrated significant differences in concern about health, subjective health status, meal regularity, dietary problems, and stress score among the three groups. The DET and DEO groups were more concerned about their health (p<0.001), and had a perception that their health status was better than that of the NDE group (p<0.01). A larger percentage of the DET group had breakfast everyday (p<0.05) and a smaller percentage of the DET group had dietary problems such as irregular mealtime and skipping meals (p<0.01), compared to the other groups. The average stress score of the DET group was significantly lower than that of the DEO and NDE groups (p<0.05). The results reveal that doing regular exercising at least twice a week is associated with higher health concern, more desirable dietary habits, and lower psychological stress in middle-aged adults. These findings support the beneficial effects of regular exercise for health, dietary habits, and stress control.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.33-47
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine factors which influence maternal parenting stress. The subjects were 182 mothers with toddlers 12 to 36 months old living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do Province. The instruments used for this study were a self-report questionnaire, PDH(Parenting Daily Hassles), EAS(Emotionality, Activity, Sociability), Value of children by Lee et al., PAI(Parenting Alliance Inventory), and burden of the costs of children. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation and Hierarchical multiple regression using the SPSS 18.0 program. The main results of this study were as follows: First, the mean score of activity temperament, emotional value of children and husband's support were higher than average. The mean score of Emotionality temperament, instrumental value of children, burden of the costs of children and maternal stress were average. Second, maternal parenting stress was positively correlated with emotionality temperament, mother's age, burden of the costs of children, and negatively correlated with emotional value of children, and instrumental value of children, husband's support. Third, emotionality temperament, husband's support, burden of the costs of children, maternal employment status, and instrumental value of children had an impact on maternal parenting stress. It is expected that the results of this study will contribute to providing basic data for establishing a policy to decrease maternal parenting stress.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.40-48
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was done to identify the experience of stress and burn-out in caregivers of patients with senile dementia. Method: To evaluate the degree of stress and burn-out in caregivers of patients with senile dementia, 64 caregivers and matched to 64 patients with senile dementia at a Primary Health Care Post in South Kyung Sung Province were selected. The study was carried out from March 6 to March 30, 2001. Data on the degree of dementia in the patients was measured by the MMSE-K (Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea) and caregiver characteristics such as, sex, age, marital status, educational level, job, socioeconomic status, religion, number in family, relationship with patient, duration of care, and chronic disease in caregiver were collected by direct interview with a questionnaire. Results: Of 64 patients with senile dementia, 15.6% were classified as mild dementia (MMSE score 20-24) and 84.4%, as severe dementia. There were no significant characteristics of caregivers associated with the degree of stress and burn-out experience. The degree of burn-out in these caregivers of patients with severe dementia (mean value 94.3) was significantly higher than the 81.4 for those caring for patients with mild dementia (p<0.05). However, the degree of stress was not significantly related with the degree of dementia. The proportion experiencing severe burn-out (above score 4) was 54.7% in the physical domain, 90.6% in the emotional domain, and 73.4% in psychiatric domain, respectively. Conclusion: The above findings suggest that the degree of stress and burn-out experienced by caregivers of patients with senile dementia are high. Also the degree of burn-out experienced by in caregivers of patients with severe dementia was higher than for those caring for patients with mild dementia.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.377-386
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• 2017

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the job stress levels of 669 subway operators in Seoul after the installation of screen doors and their mental health. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and via web site. A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted using the SPSS 20.0 statistical program. The total score of job stress turned to be higher than the standard score, and physical environment, job demand, insufficient job autonomy, interpersonal conflict and occupational climate were within the top 50% and organizational system within the top 25%. A correlation analysis revealed that job stress was positively correlated with all sub-domains of mental health. In terms of effects of job stress on mental health, there were significant differences according to job demand, organizational system, lack of reward and occupational climate, with an explanatory power of 36.6%. It is expected that this study can provide foundation for the establishment of organizational measures accustomed to job characteristics to prevent job stress of subway operators and the development and implementation of intervention programs for mental health promotion.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.101-109
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of grateful disposition and subjective well-being on stress coping of college students in the convergence society. The participants were 336 college students, data were analyzed using t-test, Pearson Correlation, Multiple regression. It was found that: nursing students showed higher score at grateful disposition, life satisfaction, and positive stress coping than non-nursing students. 2nd grade students's grateful disposition, and negative stress coping score were significantly higher than non-nursing students. Significant correlation were found among grateful disposition and subjective well-being on stress coping. The factors influencing stress coping were grateful disposition, and positive affect. Therefore some effective way to enhance of subjective well-being and grateful disposition through various educational curriculum and extra-curricular activities are needed.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.241-257
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• 2022

Objectives: To investigate emotional characteristics of healthy adults using the Core Seven Emotions Inventory-Short Form (CSEI-s) and to investigate the correlation between the CSEI-s and Korean version of the Perceived Stress Scale (K-PSS). Methods: Overall, 2,178 healthy adults aged ≥19 years who completed the CSEI-s and K-PSS in a nationwide multicenter study were included in this study. One-way analysis of variance was performed to identify associations of seven emotions with sociodemographic characteristics. Bonferroni corrected post-hoc tests were performed for multiple comparisons. Pearson's correlation analyses were conducted to examine the correlation between each emotion and stress. Results: Scores of all emotions except for joy (喜) and stress were significantly greater in women than in men. However, the score of joy (喜) in women was significantly less than that in men. There were significant differences in joy (喜), thought (思), depression (憂), fear (恐), and fright (驚) according to age groups in both men and women. The score of depression (憂) was significantly lower in women attending or graduating from graduate school than in those attending or graduating from undergraduate school. Significantly lower scores in joy (喜), thought (思), depression (憂), sorrow (悲), fear (恐), and fright (驚) were observed in married men than in single men. There were significant positive correlations between depression (憂) and stress and between sorrow (悲) and stress in both men and women. Conclusions: There were significant associations of seven emotions with sociodemographic characteristics in healthy adults.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.354-362
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• 2002

Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the relationships among perceived life stress, self-esteem, and depression in middle-aged women. Methods: Data were collected from March 30 to May 25, 2000. The study subjects were 123 middle-aged women living in Pusan. The instruments used for this study were the Perceived Life Stress scale developed by Lee (1984), based on the original scale designed by Yu, et al. (1994), Self-esteem scale developed by Rho, et al. (1997), and the Depression scale developed by Ahn (1988). For data analysis, the SPSS PC+ was utilized, by which frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Sheffe's test and Pearson's correlation coefficients were examined. The reliability of the instruments were tested by Cronbach's $\alpha$, showing the internal consistency of 0.7328 for the self-esteem scale. and 0.8987 for the depression scale. Results: 1) The results showed a relatively low perceived life stress score in the middle-aged women with a mean and standard deviation of 363.18 and 72.92 (range: .00 - 1877.38). 2) The results showed a relatively high self-esteem score in the middle-aged women with a mean and standard deviation of 29.77 and 5.06 (range: 10 - 40). 3) The results showed a relatively high depression score in the middle-aged women with a mean and standard deviation of 39.46 and 9.38 (range: 0 - 61). 4) There were no statistically significant differences in perceived life stress by demographic related factors. 5) There were statistically significant differences in self-esteem by health status (F=8.930, p= .000) and economic status (t=4.792, p= .010). 6) There were statistically significant differences in depression by age (F=3.770, p= .0261). education (F=4.850, p= .003) and regularity of menstrual cycle (F=13.180, p= .000). 7) There was no statistically significant correlation between perceived life stress, and self-esteem in the middle-aged women (r=-.077, p= .399). 8) There was no significant correlation between perceived life stress. and depression in the middle-aged women (r= .010, p= .916). 9) There was a significant negative correlation between self-esteem, and depression in the middle-aged women (r=- .359, p= .000). Conclusion: Higher self-esteem was related to a lower depression status. Therefore, it is necessary to elevate the level of self-esteem in order to reduce the level of depression in middle-aged Korean women.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.172-180
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• 2000

Objectives : We investigated the characteristics of perceived stress response and relationship between some variables of gastrointestinal symptoms(esp., dyspepsia) and subscales of perceived stress response inventory(PSRI) in patients with upper gastointestinal disorder when they perceived stress. Methods : 84 patients with upper gastrointestinal disorder(gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer etc.) and 94 normal controls completed the PSRI developed by Korean psychiatrists. The patient group performed the questionnaire including some variables of gastrointestinal symptoms. Results : Internal consistency was statistically significant in all subscales of PSRI. The patient group was significantly higher at total score of PSRI, general somatic symptom subscale score, specific somatic symptom score than control group. As the result of stepwise regression analysis for relationship between some variables of gastrointestinal symptoms ans subscales of PSRI, specific somatic symptom subsclae closely related with illness duration, past illness history and severity of symptom, and the lowered cognitive function & general negative thinking subscale related with the existence of emotional distress. Conclusion : Patients with upper gastrointestinal disorder showed stronger perceived stress response than control group and they experiences somatic symptoms related to autonomic nervous system and/or gastrointestinal symtoms rather than emotional, cognitive, behavioral symtoms when they perceived stress. They also responded to stress as they expeirenced specific somatic symtom when they had long illness duration, past illness history, and high severity of symptom and the existence of emotional distress could develop lowered congnitive function and general negative thinking.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.254-262
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between depression and communication skills and clinical practice stress among college nursing students. This study targeted 208 nursing college seniors in B city who have experience in clinical practice. Data were collected from September 1-30 2017 and were analyzed using descriptive analyses, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and Stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS WIN 21.0 program. The average score of communication skills was 3.73, the score of depression was 2.36, and the score of clinical practice stress was 2.88. Significant differences were found in clinical practice stress depending on gender (p=0.002), age (p=0.048), grade (p=0.001), satisfaction with college life (p<0.001), satisfaction with major (p=0.002), desired course (p=0.002), and satisfaction with clinical practice (p<0.001). Clinical practice stress was negatively related to communication skills (r=-0.17, p=0.016) and positively related to depression (r=0.37, p<0.001). Depression, satisfaction with clinical practice, grade, sex and religion had a high explanation rate of 26.9%, indicating that they were meaningful variables that influenced clinical practice stress. Overall, to decrease clinical practice stress among nursing students, it is necessary to develop an intervention program that can prevent and mitigate depression and improve communication skills.