• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.515-524
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• 2017

This study was intended to test anti-inflammation and cytoprotective effect against UVB after Sorghum nervosum was extracted with 70% ethanol. The efficacy of Sorghum nervosum was assessed regarding cell viability analysis, reactive oxygen species measurement, anti-inflammation, a change in COX-2 protein, and cytoprotective effect against UVB. According to the results of experiment, the cell viability of 97% or higher was shown at all concentrations of Sorghum nervosum in RAW264.7 macrophage, HaCaT cell. And in anti-inflammatory NO inhibitory activity, a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect was shown. And COX-2 protein expression was also significantly (p<.001) inhibited at 25, $50{\mu}g/mL$. With regard to cytoprotective effect against UVB, in the quantitative analysis results of reactive oxygen species within the cell, it was verified that Sorghum nervosum extract had an effect on an decrease in the total amount of ROS. When the results of study are considered comprehensively, it is thought that there is possibility of Sorghum nervosum development as raw materials for cosmetics showing an anti-inflammation and cytoprotective function against UVB.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.132-139
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective multi-institutional study was to evaluate the nutritional status of patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) for treatment of head and neck, lung, or gastrointestinal cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,000 patients were enrolled in this study at seven different hospitals in Seoul, Korea between October 2009 and May 2010. The nutritional status of patients after receiving 3 weeks of RT was evaluated using subjective global assessment (SGA). The nutritional status of each patient was rated as well nourished (A), moderately malnourished (B), or severely malnourished (C). Results: The mean age of patients in this study was $59.4{\pm}11.9$ years, and the male to female ratio was 7:3. According to the SGA results, 60.8%, 34.5%, and 4.7% of patients were classified as A, B, or C, respectively. The following criteria were significantly associated with malnutrition (SGA B or C; p < 0.001): loss of subcutaneous fat or muscle wasting (odds ratio [OR], 11.473); increased metabolic demand/stress (OR, 8.688); ankle, sacral edema, or ascites (OR, 3.234); and weight loss ${\geq}5%$ (OR, 2.299). Conclusion: SGA was applied successfully to assess the nutritional status of most patients. The prevalence of malnutrition in a radiation oncology department was 39.2%. The results of this study serve as a basis for implementation of nutrition intervention to patients being treated at radiation oncology departments.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.143-153
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• 2017

This was a descriptive survey to determine the intention of users to use smartphone healthcare applications (SHAs) and to clarify factors that may influence such intention. The data were collected during the month of April in 2015, using a structured self-report questionnaire that was distributed to 300 participants aged 20 to 70 years; 285 complete copies were used for the final analysis. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression. First, according to the results, the average intention to use SHAs was 3.28 out of 5, which varied according to age, final education, economy level, vacation, current disease, total period of smartphone use, and etc. Second, significant correlations were shown by exercise behavior, dietary management behavior, stress management, satisfaction with smartphone use, and satisfaction with using SHAs. Third, the explanatory power of the predictive model involving all general, health-related, smartphone use-related, and SHA use-related factors was 45.5%; and the economic level, interest, status, and awareness satisfaction of patients using SHA were identified to be the main influential factors. The results indicate that SHA developers need to put efforts into improving consumers' app recognition and to develop plans in provoking consumers' interests to increase the use of SHAs.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.83-92
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• 2021

Purpose : Keratinocytes are the main cellular components involved in wound healing during re-epithelization and inflammation. Dysfunction of tight junction (TJ) adhesions is a major feature in the pathogenesis of various diseases. The purpose of this study was to identify the various effects of a Sparassis crispa water extract (SC) on HaCaT cells and to investigate whether these effects might be applicable to human skin. Methods : We investigated the effectiveness of SC on cell HaCaT viability using MTS. The antioxidant effect of SC was analyzed by comparing the effectiveness of ABTS to that of the well-known antioxidant resveratrol. Reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is the most widely applied method Quantitative RT-PCR analysis has shown that SC in HaCaT cells affects mRNA expression of tight-junction genes associated with skin moisturization. In addition, Wound healing is one of the most complex processes in the human body. It involves the spatial and temporal synchronization of a variety of cell types with distinct roles in the phases of hemostasis, inflammation, growth, re-epithelialization, and remodeling. wound healing analysis demonstrated altered cell migration in SC-treated HaCaT cells. Results : MTS analysis in HaCaT cells was found to be more cytotoxic in SC at a concentration of 0.5 mg/㎖. Compared to 100 µM resveratrol, 4 mg/㎖ SC exhibited similar or superior antioxidant effects. SC treatment in HaCaT cells reduced levels of claudin 1, claudin 3, claudin 4, claudin 6, claudin 7, claudin 8, ZO-1, ZO-2, JAM-A, occludin, and Tricellulin mRNA expression by about 1.13 times. Wound healing analysis demonstrated altered cell migration in SC-treated HaCaT cells and HaCaT cell migration was also reduced to 73.2 % by SC treatment. Conclusion : SC, which acts as an antioxidant, reduces oxidative stress and prevents aging of the skin. Further research is needed to address the effects of SC on human skin given the observed alteration of mRNA expression of tight-junction genes and the decreased the cell migration of HaCaT cells.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.38-52
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• 2018

This study examined the effect sizes of psychological burnout-related factors on the psychological burnout of early childhood teachers by applying meta - analysis focusing on master 's theses, doctoral dissertations and journals that have been published in Korea for the past 20 years. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, the total effect size, the factor group, the sub-factor, and the positive and negative effect factors of the inducing and inhibiting factors showed a significant effect size. Second, in terms of inducing factors, the task problem group showed a larger effect size than the negative relationship group. Third, among the lower factor of the negative relationship group, all the sub factors excluding the negative relationship with the director, effect size showed a medium effect size. Fourth, task stress showed the greatest effect size among the sub factors of the task factor group, followed by role conflict, task overload, and role ambiguity. Fifth, resilience showed the greatest effect size among the inhibition factors, followed by organizational support factor, teacher efficacy factor, social support factor, and emotional factor. Sixth, all sub factors of the emotional labor factor group, organizational support factor of the organizational support factor group, general teacher efficacy factor of the teacher efficacy factor group, and all sub factors of social support factor Medium effect size. In addition, the lower factor of all the other factors showed a large effect size. Seventh, of the effect factors, job satisfaction factor, depression factor, and turnover intention factor all showed a large effect size.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

Recently, nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been increasing considerably in school counseling. According to the Youth Counseling and Welfare Development Institute, the number of counseling support for NSSI adolescent in 2018 was more than three times higher than the previous year, and the average time when NSSI behavior first appeared was 12.43 years old. As such, adolesnect NSSI continues to increase in recent years, and the age is also gradually decreasing. Nevertheless, research on the motives and characteristics of NSSI among domestic adolescents is still insufficient. This may be attributed to the difficulty of conducting research because self-injury behavior is secretly performed. However, it is also true that this reality has another limitation in the school field, which urgently requires counseling intervention and prevention of students' mental health problems. In addition, counseling for self-injury in the school scene is the biggest cause of exhaustion for counselors because they are under very great stress to cope with repeated self-harm in the dual role of counselors and teachers in school situations. Therefore, this study examines the causes and characteristics of involuntary self-injury through previous research analysis, and examines various difficulties experienced as a school counselor, as well as the effective intervention method of non suicidal self-injury in school counseling.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.361-376
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• 2023

Purpose: This study evaluates the potential protective effects of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed oil supplementation in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. Methods: Rats were fed a 1.25% cholesterol diet for 8 weeks, followed by oral administration of either of the two doses of hemp seed oil (HO) (0.5 mL/kg (HOL group) or 1 mL/kg (HOH group) body weight/day) or simvastatin at 10 mg/kg body weight/day. Oxidative stress, lipids, liver enzymes, and renal markers were measured in the serum. Western blot analysis was applied for evaluating the expressions of inflammatory makers. Results: Except for HDL-cholesterol, the altered levels of lipoproteins, aminotransferases, urea, and creatine kinases in hypercholesterolemic rats were significantly corrected by HO administration. Especially, compared to the HOH group, HOL treatment further reduced AST, ALT, creatinine, TC, and LDL-cholesterol levels. Moreover, both the atherogenic index and cardiac risk factor (CRF) in the HOL group were more restrained compared to the HOH group. Increased levels of p-AMPK coincided with the inhibition of SREBP-2 activation which subsequently suppressed the expression of HMGCR. Nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation coincided with the PI3K/Akt pathway activation and the increased phosphorylation of p38; these levels were significantly suppressed by HO treatment. In addition, HO treatment markedly reversed the changes in chemokines such as ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MCP-1. Histological alterations induced by cholesterol overload in cardiac and hepatic tissues were ameliorated by HO supplementation. Conclusion: Taken together, our results indicate a low concentration of HO demonstrates improved dysfunctions caused by a high-cholesterol diet via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.446-455
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• 2022

This study investigated work experience of firefighters and risk factors for their depression during COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed data of 53,557 firefighters who participated in the online mental health status survey. Data included experiences of COVID-19 infection, experience of COVID-19 response work, fear of social stigma, and anxiety and depression symptoms. Results showed that 45.76% of participants had experience of COVID-19 response work. Emergency job group had the highest percentage of COVID-19 related work and the greater intensity of the work and fear of social stigma than those of other job groups. Hierarchical multiple regression showed that co-workers' infection, COVID-19 related work intensity and fear of social stigma were significantly associated to the severity of depression. The findings in this study demonstrated COVID-19 related work experience can link to the development of depression in firefighters. Effort to reduce COVID-19 related work intensity and fear of social stigma could help prevent depression among firefighters.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.117-128
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• 2023

Tree dieback in Geumgang pine forest has occurred in Uljin and Bonghwa since the 2010s. In order to identify status of tree dieback and prevent further damages, a monitoring project for tree dieback in Geumgang pine forest had been launched by Southern regional office of forest service in 2020. This study was conducted to understand the characteristics of tree dieback occurrence and assess the high risk areas using the occurrence data in the project. Pine tree dieback occurred frequently in areas with mountain ridges in high elevation, dry south-facing slopes, mature stands, and high temperature rise in winter. Furthermore, the result of risk assessment showed that 6.2 percent(5,294ha) of Geumgang pine forest(85,000 ha) in total study area are at high risk of tree dieback. As the pine trees in the high risk area are prone to experience the dieback due to temperature and drought-related extreme weather events, regular forest management activities are needed to reduce the drought stress of pine trees. Forest health management for the pine forest with high protection priority can be also useful strategy to counter the risk of decline. This results can be used as the basic information for the adaptive forest management to climate change.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.271-278
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• 2017

This study was performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of aluminum chloride ($AlCl_3$), and the protective effect of Lonicerae flos (LF) extract on $AlCl_3-induced$ cytotoxicity in the cultured C6 glioma cells. Here, the cell viability and antioxidative effects, such as DPPH-radical scavenging activity, superoxide anion scavenging activity, and lipid peroxidation (LP), were assessed. $AlCl_3$ significantly decreased the cell viability in a dose-dependent manner; the $XTT_{50}$ value was measured at $128.8{\mu}M$ of $AlCl_3$. The cytotoxicity of $AlCl_3$ was determined as highly toxic the y Borenfreund and Puerner's toxic criteria. The butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and antioxidant both significantly increased the cell viability, which was damaged by $AlCl_3-induced$ cytotoxicity in these cultures. In the protective effect of LF extract on $AlCl_3-induced$ cytotoxicity, the LF extract significantly increased the superoxide anion scavenging activity and inhibitory activity of LP, as well as the DPPH-radical scavenging activity. From these results, it is suggested that the oxidative stress may have been involved in the cytotoxicity of $AlCl_3$, and LP extract effectively protected $AlCl_3-induced$ cytotoxicity through the antioxidative effects. Conclusively, the natural resources, like LP extract, may be a putative therapeutic agent for the treatment of dementia induced by allergen like aluminum correlated with the oxidative stress.