• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.259-266
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• 2002

It is crucial to know spatial soil variability for precision farming. However, it is time-consuming, and difficult to measure spatial soil properties. Therefore, there are needs fur sensing technology to estimate spatial soil variability, and for electronic mapping technology to store, manipulate and process the sampled data. This research was conducted to develop a real-time soil organic matter sensor and an electronic mapping system. A soil organic matter sensor was developed with a spectrophotometer in the 900∼1,700 nm range. It was designed in a penetrator type to measure reflectance of soil at 15cm depth. The signal was calibrated with organic matter content (OMC) of the soil which was sampled in the field. The OMC was measured by the Walkeley-Black method. The soil OMCs were ranged from 0.07 to 7.96%. Statistical partial least square and principle component regression analyses were used as calibration methods. Coefficient of determination, standard error prediction and bias were 0.85 0.72 and -0.13, respectively. The electronic mapping system was consisted of the soil OMC sensor, a DGPS, a database and a makeshift vehicle. An algorithm was developed to acquire data on sampling position and its OMC and to store the data in the database. Fifty samples in fields were taken to make an N-fertilizer dosage map. Mean absolute error of these data was 0.59. The Kring method was used to interpolate data between sampling nodes. The interpolated data was used to make a soil OMC map. Also an N-fertilizer dosage map was drawn using the soil OMC map. The N-fertilizer dosage was determined by the fertilizing equation recommended by National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology in Korea. Use of the N-fertilizer dosage map would increase precision fertilization up to 91% compared with conventional fertilization. Therefore, the developed electronic mapping system was feasible to not only precision determination of N-fertilizer dosage, but also reduction of environmental pollution.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.385-397
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• 2013

Purpose: We divide management characteristics into business strategy, operation management, information management, marketing, asset management. Also this will show effect on business performance according to management characteristics. Methods: For two months, from August to October, a manager (include an executive) participated in individual questionnaires. And the SPSS v14.0 was applied to analyze data of this study. Results: This study has shown that the management characteristics have an effect on the finance and satisfaction performance. In particular, the 'business strategy' and 'marketing' of management characteristics were important factors that affects finance performance and the 'business strategy', 'marketing' and 'operation management' were important factors that affects satisfaction performance. Conclusions: Consequently through this result, we should make an efforts to 'business strategy' and 'marketing' of management characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.173-182
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• 2018

Reservoirs, facilities to store water, are being used in several fields for their ability to hold back a large quantity of water for a long time before the water is actually used. However, at the same time, the reservoirs are considered to have a flaw: the longer they store water, the more the quality of water in these reservoirs deteriorates. Further, when the reservoirs are large, they are more likely to have dead-water regions in out-of-the way spots far from either an in-current or an ex-current canal. This study conducted a Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation and tried to figure out the internal flow inside each of the reservoirs with different in-current canals built by the multiple hoe screw nozzle method and the drop in-current method. The drop in-current method is more frequently used. According to the analysis of the internal flow inside each reservoir with the different methods applied, we found that the reservoir with the drop in-current canal would have two rotary currents in the lower region of the reservoir and that the velocity of flow would decrease. For a reservoir with the screw nozzle method, a single rotary current occurred, and inside the reservoir, regardless of height, the current turned out to flow in a regular manner.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.36
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• pp.25-41
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• 1998

The purpose of this research was to study four impulse buying dimensions and planned buying, marketing stimulus factors in store, buying im-pulse and impulse buying of female consumer. The female consumers were divided into three groups, i.e., college students, housewives and workingwomen. 408 women living in Kyung Nam were selected as respondents by convenience sampling methods. The results of this research can be summarized as follows. 1. The overall impulses were stronger for college students and workingwomen than house-wives. The impulse buying dimensions were different according to the status of women. 2. Buying impulse and impulse buying of clothing were more likely to be for college students and working women than housewives. 3. The display in the store gave the information to the three groups equally. These infor-mations helped to make the impulse buying. 4. The marketing stimulus factors were different according to the status of respondents. Sensitive and aesthetic factors were important for college students and workingwomen, and the utility of clothing were important for house-wives. The color of clothing, the discount of regular price and the low price had the same meanings to the three groups. 5. Impulse buying dimensions were effected by the marketing stimulus factors. 6. The fashionable products, the use of credit card, famous brand, gracious display of clothing and the kind services of salesman were the common factors that stimulate the consumer to buy the clothings. But the color and design of products had more effect on the college students, and the discount of regular price and the utility of clothing were more important for the workingwomen. The color and the utility of clothing were stimulus factors for the housewives.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.42
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• pp.91-112
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• 1999

This study mainly focuses on the dissatisfaction of the post-purchase behavior regarding the consumer dissatisfaction complaining behavior and repurchase intention In the literature study approach it was hypothe-sized that dissatisfaction variables was consisted of the cognitive process and emotion. And the dissatisfaction variables and the individual vari-ables and situational variables were set up to contribute to form the complaining behavior. In the process of the complaining behavior the first thing the consumers would do when they would seek for redress or not. Consumers who sought redress and actually received the fair treatment from a store practiced positive word-of-mouth. However consumers who received unfair treat-ment practived negative word-of-mouth exit behavior or the third party complaining Behavior. And consumers who did not seek any redress either showed exit behavior practiced negative word-of-mouth or no complaining behavior at all. Therefore. complaining behavior process consists of redress seeking process and non-redress seeking process. For the empirical study the survey method was used and two other researches were previously conducted. First of all the research was designed to comprehend consumer complaining behaviors process Secondly it was conducted for measuring validity and reliability: Cronbach's q. The sqmple was 569 women aged 2-'s to 5-'s living in Seoul and other suburban areas. The various methods were used to analyze the date such as frequency, percentage and multiple regression analysis. Overall the results were verified. 1) The dissatisfaction variables and individual variables influenced situational variables. 2) The complaining behavior intention was affected by dissatisfaction variables indivi-dual variables and situational variables. 3) The repurchase intention occurred more when the justice was performed Consequently the complaining behavior proce-dure was consisted of the redress seeking and non-redress seeking. And dissatisfaction vari-ables and individual variables were verified to influnce situational variables. These complaining behavior variables affected complaining behavior Especially in a case of redress seeking process complaining behavior and repurchase rate were highly affected by the perceived justice from a store.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.341-352
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• 2003

While most researches for cyber counseling until now have been about counseling methods and the effects that teenagers utilize cyber counseling, there have been no efforts that store counseling contents, analyze them using features and technologies of web and use them effectively to guide students. Therefore, we propose a cyber counseling system that provides counseling information so that teacher may grasp students various interests and problems and thus helps to guide students. For this, we used XML. Since XML document can systematically create a structured information and represent a structure with meaningful information unit than the existing file-based information, it can be effectively used to manage, search and store documents. Thus, we implement a cyber counseling system using XML, which can effectively manage and represent the various analysis information of counseling.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.267-279
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• 2020

Objectives: This study investigated the utilization and satisfaction of lunchbox by considering the dietary lifestyle of the consumer, in order to refine the purchasing behavior of adults with experience in using lunchboxes, and to provide basic data for efficient menu configuration and direction towards improvement. Methods: A total of 600 adults in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do answered a self-administered questionnaire designed to investigate general characteristics, utilization, menu preference, satisfaction, prospection, and improvement of lunchbox, according to the dietary lifestyle. Results: The study subjects were classified into 5 groups: 'taste seeking group', 'safety seeking group', 'health seeking group', 'economic seeking group' and 'convenience seeking group. Considering purchase value of the lunchbox, the 'taste seeking group' had a high utilization rate (35.1%) for prices less than 4,000 won (P < 0.05). Lunchboxes were mainly purchased at the lunchbox store (43.3%) and convenience store (37.7%). The important factor that contributed to purchasing a lunchbox was taste (61.3%), which was highest in the 'taste seeking group' (P < 0.01). The 'health seeking group' showed the highest preference for the low-salt diet lunchbox menu (26.0%) (P < 0.05). The satisfaction of 'health seeking groups' was lowest when considering addition of condiments (2.34%), origin of ingredient (2.59%), and provided calorie (2.81%) (P < 0.05). The overall response indicated future use of the lunchbox (69.6%) (P < 0.01); 35.8% respondents recommended the purchase of lunchbox, where convenience of purchase was the highest factor contributing to recommendation (50.2%) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Taken together, our results indicate that taste was emphasized in every group purchasing the lunch box. Convenience of purchase was the highest factor contributing to satisfaction, which was relatively low when considering addition of condiments, nutrition and origin of ingredients. We propose that it is necessary to improve the development of various menus for increasing satisfaction by selecting the right ingredients contributing to good health of the consumer.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.99-116
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• 2020

This study examines the characteristics of Paul Smith's fashion from the viewpoint of Habitus. To this end, on the theory of Bourdieu's Habitus concept and theory of the field, we derive the attributes of fashion and fashion designers and Habitus that appeared in fashion from the viewpoint of Habitus. Based on this, the tendency of Paul Smith's Habitus tendency has been examined and how it is expressed in fashion design and store production has been investigated. The scope of the study is from 1977 to the present, and it covers Paul Smith's menswear and stores. Research methods are literature research and visual data analysis. The results of the study are as follows. The characteristics of Habitus' tendency in Paul Smith are childlike imagination and humor, vigorous curiosity and observation, paranoid collection and memos, and British tradition and craftsmanship. Paul Smith's Habitus propensity reflects the following features in fashion design and store direction. First, a unique mix of wit or list structure, second, respect for uniqueness and discrimination with respect for the local image, and third, the new male image was presented to contribute to the diversification of consumers, and fourth, sensitivity and emotion reflecting his Habitus propensity. It is a friendly space for communication. As a result of analyzing and applying to Paul Smith, it was found that the special Habitus characteristics possessed by designers in fashion are important and impart a great influence.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.5 s.153
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• pp.807-817
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the buying behavior of sports apparel brand in relation to the involvement of specific professional football teams. A total of 256 adults in their 20s and 30s who residing in Seoul, Suwon, Inchon, and Daejeon completed questionnaires. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 11.0. Major statistical methods were frequency analysis, t-test and Chi square analysis. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The high involvement group of the specific professional football team showed a higher degree in the recognition, the preference, and the buying intention on sports apparel brands than the low involvement group did. Results showed statistically significant differences in responses to preferred items and store types between the low- and high involvement group. 2. With regard to the preference of sponsored apparel brands and the number of own items according to the preference of specific professional football teams, the group who preferred FC Seoul and Suwon Samsung Bluewings had a higher preference and own more items than the less preferred group did. 3. Male respondents were found to have a higher degree in the recognition, the preference and the buying intention than female respondents were. Also, there were differences in responses to a preferred store type between males and females.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38B no.5
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• pp.401-409
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• 2013

Recently, almost all data has stored and managed in the shape of digital as development of IT infrastructure. Digital data is able to store the huge data in very small space. but if the disk should be stolen or lost, it would have many secure problems such as data leakage. Currently, digital data is protected by encryption method to prevent data leakage. However, the encryption method is not enough to protect data because the performance of attack system is higher and the attack methods is various. Therefore, there is a need for a new advanced data protection method. To solve secure problems, many research has been progressed like Cloud Shredder, which distributes data and then store. In this paper, We found out the problem of the Cloud Shredder and proposed an advanced method of digital data protection to solve those problem.