• 제목/요약/키워드: stock density

검색결과 136건 처리시간 0.04초

MPA 효과에 대한 생물경제학적 분석 (A Bioeconomic Analysis on the Effectiveness of Marine Protected Area (MPA))

  • 김도훈
    • 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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    • 제13권4호
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    • pp.657-684
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    • 2004
  • 본 연구는 MPA 효과를 분석한 생물경제학적 연구로서 어업자원분포와 어종이동 특성에 따른 MPA 설치 전 후의 자원량과 어획량 변화를 이론적으로 분석하였다. 특히 본 연구에서는 어업자원분포 모형 가운데 폐쇄모형, 발생지-유입지 모형, 밀도종속적 모형을 대상으로 하였다. 각 모형에 대한 MPA 효과 분석에 있어서는 어획활동에 따른 경제적 효과도 함께 고려했을 뿐 아니라 다른 어획노력량 통제수단과의 병용효과도 함께 살펴보았다. 모든 모형 하에서 MPA 설치에 따라 전체 자원량이 증가하는 것으로 나타났지만, 폐쇄모형과 발생지-유입지 모형 하의 유입지에 대한 MPA 효과분석 결과 총어획량은 감소하였다. 발생지-유입지 모형에서의 발생지 그리고 밀도종속적 모형 하에서의 MPA 효과분석에서는 어종의 이동률, 자원량 수준 등에 따라 어획량이 증감하는 것으로 평가되었다. 특히, 자원이동률이 클수록, 자원량 수준이 높을수록 어획량 증대효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 어업비용 증가로 인해 어획가능구역에서의 어획노력량 증대에는 한계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 다른 어획노력량 통제수단과 병용되었을 경우 전체적인 자원량 수준이 보다 크게 높아질 수 있는 것으로 평가되었다.

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우리나라 해안별 해안방재림의 유형특성 비교 (A Comparison on the Forest Type of Coastal Disaster Prevention Forest Between the Coastal Areas in Korea)

  • 김찬범;박기형;이창우;윤호중;김경하
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제103권4호
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    • pp.564-573
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    • 2014
  • 이 연구는 우리나라 서해안, 남해안, 동해안의 주요 해안방재림 실태조사 결과를 바탕으로 군집분석을 실시하여 각 해안별 해안방재림의 특징과 각 해안을 대표할 수 있는 해안방재림 선정을 목적으로 하였다. 해안방재림 방재효과에 영향을 주는 임분밀도와 수고, DBH, 해안방재림 폭을 기준으로 하여 각 군집의 특성을 분석한 결과, 해안별 각각 2개의 군집으로 분류되었다. 서해안은 임분밀도가 높고 DBH가 작은 특징을 갖는 충청남도 태안군 원북면 황촌리 구례포해수욕장 해안방재림과 수고가 높은 특징을 보이는 전라북도 부안군 변산면 운산리 고사포해수욕장 해안방재림이 각 군집을 대표하는 해안방재림이었다. 남해안은 수고가 낮은 특징을 보이는 경상남도 남해군 설천면 남양리 해안방재림과 DBH가 큰 전라남도 완도군 신지면 동고리해수욕장 해안방재림으로 나타났다. 동해안은 임분밀도가 낮은 경상남도 경주시 양북면 봉길리 해안방재림과 수고가 낮고 DBH가 작은 강원도 강릉시 견소동 안목해수욕장 해안방재림이 대표적이다. 이 연구는 앞으로 각 해안별 가장 적합한 해안방재림을 설정하는 데에 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

Effects of different stocking density in lairage of fattening pigs in high temperatures

  • Dongcheol Song;Seyeon Chang;Jaewoo An;Sehyun Park;Kyeongho Jeon;Hyuck Kim;Jinho Cho
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제50권4호
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    • pp.861-867
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    • 2023
  • Lairages serve several functions, such as providing post-mortal inspections and providing a reservoir of animals to ensure the slaughter line runs efficiently. High stress lairage conditions can contribute to the accumulation of transport stress in pigs, causing poor pork quality and still stressed pigs at slaughter. The objective of this study was to investigate meat quality, blood profile and behavior changes according to lairage stocking density in in high temperature. Density treatments were as follows: LD, low density (lower than 0.5 m2/100 kg); ND, normal density (0.5 m2/100 kg to 0.83 m2/100 kg); HD, high density (higher than 0.83 m2/100 kg). Air temperature treatment was as follows: HT, high temperature (higher than 24℃). Pigs stocked with LD showed lower pH, WHC (water holding capacity), and higher DL (drip loss) and CL (cooking loss) than those stocked with HD. Pigs stocked with LD showed lower cortisol level than those stocked with HD. Therefore, Pigs exposed to high stock density (lower than 0.5 m2/100 kg) in high air temperature during pre-slaughter caused acute stress and lead to PSE (pale, soft, exudative) pork incidence. Based on obtained results, stocking of too high (lower than 0.5 m2/100 kg) density is generally not good for meat quality and animal welfare at high temperatures.

An Estimation of VaR under Price Limits

  • Park, Yun-Sook;Yeo, In-Kwon
    • Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.825-835
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    • 2004
  • In this paper, we investigate the estimation of the value at risk(VaR) when stock prices are subjected to price limits. The mixture of probability mass functions and beta density functions is proposed to derive the distribution of asset returns. The analyses of real data show that the proposed distribution is appropriate to explain the VaR when the price limits exist in the data.

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TIME STEPWISE LOCAL VOLATILITY

  • Bae, Hyeong-Ohk;Lim, Hyuncheul
    • 대한수학회보
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    • 제59권2호
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    • pp.507-528
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    • 2022
  • We propose a path integral method to construct a time stepwise local volatility for the stock index market under Dupire's model. Our method is focused on the pricing with the Monte Carlo Method (MCM). We solve the problem of randomness of MCM by applying numerical integration. We reconstruct this task as a matrix equation. Our method provides the analytic Jacobian and Hessian required by the nonlinear optimization solver, resulting in stable and fast calculations.

Temporal variation of ecosystem carbon pools along altitudinal gradient and slope: the case of Chilimo dry afromontane natural forest, Central Highlands of Ethiopia

  • Tesfaye, Mehari A.;Gardi, Oliver;Bekele, Tesfaye;Blaser, Jurgen
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제43권2호
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    • pp.161-182
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    • 2019
  • Quantifying the amount of carbon pools in forest ecosystems enables to understand about various carbon pools in the forest ecosystem. Therefore, this study was conducted in the Chilimo dry afromontane forest to estimate the amount of carbon stored. The natural forest was stratified into three forest patches based on species composition, diversity, and structure. A total of 50 permanent sample plots of 20 m × 20 m (400 ㎡ ) each were established, laid out on transects of altitudinal gradients with a distance of 100 m between plots. The plots were measured twice in 2012 and 2017. Tree, deadwood, mineral soil, forest floor, and stump data were collected in the main plots, while shrubs, saplings, herbaceous plants, and seedling data were sampled inside subplots. Soil organic carbon (SOC %) was analyzed following Walkely, while Black's procedure and bulk density were estimated following the procedure of Blake (Methods of soil analysis, 1965). Aboveground biomass was calculated using the equation of Chave et al. (Glob Chang Biol_20:3177-3190, 2014). Data analysis was made using RStudio software. To analyze equality of means, we used ANOVA for multiple comparisons among elevation classes at α = 0.05. The aboveground carbon of the natural forest ranged from 148.30 ± 115.02 for high altitude to 100.14 ± 39.93 for middle altitude, was highest at 151.35 ± 108.98 t C ha-1 for gentle slope, and was lowest at 88.01 ± 49.72 t C ha-1 for middle slope. The mean stump carbon density 2.33 ± 1.64 t C ha-1 was the highest for the middle slope, and 1.68 ± 1.21 t C ha-1 was the lowest for the steep slope range. The highest 1.44 ± 2.21 t C ha-1 deadwood carbon density was found under the middle slope range, and the lowest 0.21 ± 0.20 t C ha-1 was found under the lowest slope range. The SOCD up to 1 m depth was highest at 295.96 ± 80.45 t C ha-1 under the middle altitudinal gradient; however, it was lowest at 206.40 ± 65.59 t C ha-1 under the lower altitudinal gradient. The mean ecosystem carbon stock density of the sampled plots in natural forests ranged from 221.89 to 819.44 t C ha-1. There was a temporal variation in carbon pools along environmental and social factors. The highest carbon pool was contributed by SOC. We recommend forest carbon-related awareness creation for local people, and promotion of the local knowledge can be regarded as a possible option for sustainable forest management.

점용접 시 압흔 깊이 감소를 위한 절연팁 개발에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Development of Insulated Electrode Tip for Spot Welding to Reduce Indentation)

  • 서승일;장상길
    • Journal of Welding and Joining
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.42-47
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    • 2003
  • Stainless rolling stocks are usually fabricated by spot welding process without painting. Indentation on the surface of the car body after spot welding injures the beauty of the stainless rolling stocks. In this study, insulated electrode tips to reduce the indentation are developed and applied to the actual spot welding works. The developed tips are composed of head, neck, hole for cooling water, body and resistance material. They provide large surface contact area with the base materials during spot welding and enhance the current density by necking. Experimental results using the developed tips show that small indentation and sufficient tensile shear strength is produced due to large contact area and enhanced current density.

Effects of Branch Degree of CPAM for Retention and Drainage

  • Son, Dong-Jin;Kim, Bong-Yong
    • 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국펄프종이공학회 2007년도 추계학술발표논문집
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    • pp.21-33
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    • 2007
  • CPAM has been applied to the paper industry for the purpose of wet-end improvement for a long time. And molecular weight and charge density have been managed most important quality factors to make CPAM for this application. Recently branched CPAM was developed to improve retention and drainage characteristics and we considered branch degree of CPAM as important factor as molecular weight and charge density. In this experiment, we tried to investigate physical and chemical properties to determine branch degree and flocculation efficiency using Arbocell pulp which was recently developed micro size pulp and finally we applied retention and drainage test under the ONP stock condition.

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Density-Order Index Rule for Stock Location in a Distribution Warehouse

  • Hwang, Hark;Cha, Chun-Nam
    • 대한산업공학회지
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.41-50
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    • 1989
  • This paper deals with the problem of space allocation of items within a warehouse. Recognizing the importance of weights associated with material handling, mathematical models are developed for two cases, out-and-back selection and storage retrieval interleaving. It is proved that the density order index rule we proposed generates an optimal solution for the first model. An example problem solved with the pairwise interchange method indicates that the rule is also fairly efficient for the second model. The proposed rule is compared with other assignment rules of warehouse space such as COI rule, space and popularity.

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방향성매매를 위한 지능형 매매시스템의 투자성과분석 (Analysis of Trading Performance on Intelligent Trading System for Directional Trading)

  • 최흥식;김선웅;박성철
    • 지능정보연구
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.187-201
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    • 2011
  • 방향성(Direction)과 변동성(Volatility)에 대한 분석은 증권투자를 위한 시장분석의 기초가 된다. 변동성분석이 옵션 투자에서 중요하다면 주식이나 주가지수선물투자는 방향성분석에 의하여 투자성과가 결정된다. 기존의 금융분석에서 기계학습을 이용한 방향성에 대한 연구는 주가나 투자위험의 예측을 중심으로 이루어졌으며, 최근에 와서야 실전투자를 위한 매매시스템(trading system) 개발에 대한 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 인공지능형 주가예측모형에서는 ANN(artificial neural networks), fuzzy system, SVM(Support Vector Machine) 등의 기법이 주로 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 방향성매매를 위한 지능형 기계학습방법 중에서도 패턴인식에서 좋은 성과를 보이고 있는 은닉마코프 모형(Hidden Markov Model)을 이용한다. 실무적으로는 방향성 예측을 위해 주로 주가의 추세분석(Trend Analysis)을 활용한다. 다양한 기술적 지표를 이용한 추세분석에 기반한 시스템트레이딩(System Trading) 기법은 실전투자에서 점차 확대추세에 있다. 본 연구에서는 시스템트레이딩 기법 중 실무에서 많이 이용되는 이동평균교차전략(moving average cross)에 연속 은닉마코프모형을 적용한 지능형 매매시스템을 제안하고, 실제 주가자료를 이용한 시뮬레이션 결과를 제시한다. 세계적 선물시장으로 성장한 KOSPI200 선물시장에서 제안된 매매시스템의 장기간의 투자성과를 분석하기 위하여 지난 21년 동안의 KOSPI200 주가지수자료를 실증 분석하였다. 분석결과는 KOSPI200 주가지수선물의 방향성매매에서 제안된 CHMM기반 지능형 매매시스템이 실전에서 일반적으로 활용되는 시스템트레이딩 기법의 투자성과를 개선할 수 있음을 보여주었다.