• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.346-352
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• 2013

The study was aimed to investigate the influence of diode laser on osteoarthritis (OA) of stifle joint induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). Sixty 10-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Right stifle joint was operated to create ACLT or sham. There were five study groups: control, Sham, ACLT, ACLT + Laser irradiation (ACLT+L) and ACLT + meloxicam administration (ACLT+M). Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) was applied at the operated stifle joint twice a week using an 808-nm indium-gallium-arsenide (InGaAs) diode laser during 8-week experimental period. Radiographical, gross morphological and histopathological findings were examined at 2, 4 and 8 weeks post-surgery. Radiography, CBC and chemistry tests showed no significant difference between groups. ACLT+L group showed remarkable cartilage damages compared with sham group morphologically and histopathologically at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. ACLT+M group also had more cartilage damages compared with sham group. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) showed limitation to prevent progression of OA in the rat anterior cruciate ligament transection models; on the contrary it accelerated cartilage damage. It is assumed that the aggravating results of LLLT in this study might be due to excessive unstable movement of stifle joint from the pain-relieving effect of LLLT, rather than direct damaging effect of irradiation since LLLT did not affect cell viability.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.91-94
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• 2007

tisue disease of dog and cat, resembling Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) in man. EDS is characterizedby loose, hyperextensible and, fragile skin, it is attributed to mutations in connective tisue gene. Thesemutations cause defects in type I or II collagen synthesis and as a result lack of strength or elasticityto skin, joint, ligament and vessels. EDS-affected animals often experience subcutaneous hematomas thathave long bleeding times. The 4-years old male Yorkshire terrier was evaluated because of subcutaneoushematoma after stifle surgery. Clinical examination revealed a thin and hyperextensible skin and jointlaxity. The degree of skin extensibility index was 23.4%, marked skin stretchy. Clinical diagnosis wasconfirmed by histophathological examination of a skin biopsy revealing reduced packing density ofcollagen fiber of skin.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.361-364
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• 1997

The paper is to report a case of zinc-deficient parakeratotic hyperkeratosis in a dog. In this dermatosis, although an available diagnosis of zinc-deficient dermatosis is to analyse the serum or hair zinc Bevels, exact analysis of zinc is difficult and unreliable due to contamination of zinc by various environmental, physiologic and disease-related factors. Diagnosis may be performed by history, physical examination and blood chemical analysis. Laboratory evaluation revealed hypercholesterolemia and low activities of serum alkaline photophatase and total protein. The dog showed thick crusts at the elbows joint, stifle joint and testis. Zinc sulfate is administered per oral to patient with application of salicylic acid added vaseline ointment on hyperkaratic lesions. The dog is successfully cured.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.504-507
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• 2003

Force plate analysis was used to describe the effect of acupuncture on right knee osteoarthritis (OA) in a seven-year-old hound breed dog weighing 27 kg. The acupuncture treatment was performed twice a week for 3 weeks. Ground reaction forces (GRFs) and subjective clinical scores in both hind limbs were obtained prior to and 72 hours after each treatment. Right vertical peak force was increased as the dog was acupunctured. Although their sensitivity was lower than that of the GRF data, the subjective clinical scores reflected an improvement. In addition, vertical peak force of normal left hind limb was also increased during this trial. These results indicate that gait analysis may be valuable objective method in future evaluation of acupuncture for OA of the stifle joint.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.282-284
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• 2019

A 8-year-old, intact female, 2.1 kg, yorkshire terrier dog was referred to Animal Medical Center, Chonbuk National University due to right hindlimb lameness. Orthopedic examinations revealed pain during extension and flexion on stifle joint, positive cranial drawer sign, positive tibial compression test and patella luxation. Radiography showed the cranial displacement of right tibia with mildly increasing the synovial volume. The surgical procedure involved radial osteotomy of the proximal tibia and fixation by 1.2 T-locking plate. At two weeks after surgery, the patient was able to weight-bearing and gait gradually improved. This case report describes circular Tibial Tuberosity Advancement (cTTA) surgical technique and the successful surgical repair of cranial cruciate ligament rupture a dog.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.126-128
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• 2019

A 5-year-old male Labrador Retriever that lived outdoors was presented to the animal hospital with a right hind limb lameness. The lameness had been present for more than 10 days, and there was a severe swelling of the right stifle joint. The dog underwent physical, laboratory, and radiographic examinations. As a result, the dog was diagnosed with infectious monoarthropathy secondary to granulocytic ehrlichiosis. The dog received medication for the rickettsial arthritis and surgical treatment for reconstruction of the soft tissue damage caused by the infection. After treatment, the function of the dog's leg was recovered. This report describes a case of atypical monoarthropathy caused by ehrlichiosis in a dog.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.31.1-31.6
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• 2023

Allograft arthroplasty is a promising cartilage-resurfacing technique. A 14-year-old horse was diagnosed with a medial femoral condyle subchondral bone cyst. Allografts were harvested from a young donor animal and implanted to fill the cyst cavity. A visual assessment of the surgical site was possible during follow-up arthroscopy. In addition to a desirable gliding surface and a good adaptation of the grafts, fibrillation of the cranial ligament of the medial meniscus was noted and debrided. The recipient horse became sound four months after follow-up surgery with a high level of owner satisfaction. In conclusion allograft transplantation is a promising technique for treating subchondral bone cysts.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.455-459
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• 2012

Nine dogs presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Konkuk University and Woosung Animal Hospital with a history of pelvic limb lameness. On physical examination, 9 dogs all showed a consistent weight bearing lameness and mild muscle atrophy. There was cranial drawer sign with pain in 9 dogs. Mediolateral radiographic projection revealed cranial subluxation of the tibial tuberosity in a tibial compression view. The right and left stifle joints were affected in 7 dogs and 2 dogs respectively. TightRope cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) technique for treatment of CCL deficiency was performed. Polyester and nylon were used to stabilize the stifle in 3 dogs and 6 dogs respectively. Suture sizes were 0.8 mm (n = 2), 0.9 mm (n = 4), 1.1 mm (n = 2), and $1.1mm{\times}2$ strands (n = 1) in diameter. Mean (${\pm}SD$) surgical duration was $48.3{\pm}8.5$ minutes (range 35 to 60 minutes). Preoperative and postoperative mean (${\pm}SD$) cranial drawer signs were $8.6{\pm}1.6$ mm (rage 7 to 12 mm) and $1.2{\pm}1.0$ mm (rage 0 to 3 mm) respectively. Immediate postoperative radiographs of the affected limb revealed no evidence of cranial subluxation of the tibial tuberosity in a tibial compression view of 9 dogs. Normal limb function was regained in 8 dogs within 8 weeks postoperatively. A consistent weight bearing lameness resolved in all dogs after TightRope CCL technique, but reoccurred in one dog (case No. 6) 2 weeks after surgery. Cranial subluxation of the tibial tuberosity was identified in a tibial compression test. During the second surgery, breakage of surgical button was identified and a tibial wedge osteotomy was performed. Based on surgical time, complication, stifle stability, and functional recovery, the present study indicated that TightRope CCL technique is effective treatment for the dogs with CCL deficiency.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.251-254
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• 2015

A 3-year-old castrated male Spitz dog (8.4 kg) was referred for hindlimb lameness. The dog had undergone corrective surgery for bilateral medial patellar luxation 6 weeks prior to presentation. Intermittent lameness of both hind limbs was evident on general inspection. Physical examination revealed moderate pain and crepitus upon flexion and extension of the stifle joints. Radiography revealed features consistent with distal deviation of the cartilage flaps and effusion in both stifle joints. Detachment and deviation of both osteochondral blocks were suspected based on the physical and radiographic findings. Arthroscopy confirmed failed osteochondral blocks (right $1.5cm{\times}0.9cm{\times}0.2cm$, left $1.3cm{\times}0.9cm{\times}0.1cm$), which were removed. After removal of the osteochondral blocks, the stepped trochlear grooves were located and debrided using an arthroscopic burr, to prevent patellar tracking disorder. The dog resumed normal ambulation without medial patellar luxation 2 weeks postoperatively, and there were no complications. Arthroscopy is an effective surgical modality for the diagnosis and treatment of canine joint disorders. It offers a magnified view of the joint, which allows accurate evaluation of intra-articular structures. In addition, arthroscopic surgery can reduce the postoperative complications associated with surgical wound.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.395-398
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• 2006

A 2-month-old female Shih-tzu dog was referred because of lameness, exercise intolerance, depression, elbow and stifle joint swelling. Physical examination, complete blood counts, serum-chemistry, radiography, synovial fluid analysis, antinuclear antibody test, and rheumatoid factor measurement were initiated. On radiography, soft tissue swelling of elbow and stifle joints without erosiveness were founded. The results of synovial fluid analysis revealed severe neutrophilic pleocytosis (nondegenerative), decreased viscosity, increased turbidity, positive on mucin-clot test, and negative on bacterial culture. The results of rheumatoid factor measurement and antinuclear antibody test were negative and below 1 : 40, respectively. Based on all tests, we diagnosed this case as juvenile onset type I immune-mediated polyarthritis. Azathioprine (1 mg/kg body weight, per os q 24 h, for 4 weeks) was then administered and clinical signs improved gradually. Four weeks after azathioprine administration, clinical signs were disappeared. This report describes the clinical findings, imaging characteristics, synovial fluid findings, and other laboratory results of type I immune-mediated polyarthritis and successful management with azathioprine therapy.