• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.11 no.3_4 s.43
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• pp.133-140
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• 1980

In order to develop the radio-immunoassay procedure for the ginsenoside $Rg_1$ we prepared the $Rg_1-BSA$ conjugate and $Rg_1-tyramine$ conjugate by condensing the $Rg_1-azide$, which was prepared by a series of six step chemical modification of the $Rg_1-side$ chain, with bovine serum albumin(BSA) or with tyramine. Rabbits were immunized by repeated injection of $Rg_1-BSA$ conjugate with Freund's Complete Adjuvant for 5 month long to obtain very potent $anti-Rg_1$ serum. The radio-labelled haptene was prepared by direct radio-iodination $(125_J)$ of $Rg_1-tyramine$ according to the chloramine-T method. The radio-immunoassay procedure was successfully furnished by using DCC method (dextran coated charcoal) and the anti-body titer of the anti-serum was found as being $1600{\sim}3200$ by using 15000cpm tracer per test. Calibration test using non-labelled $Rg_1$ showed linear competetive binding response in the $(8-300){\times}34pg$. range of non-labelled $Rg_1$. The cross reaction test using 19 ginsenoside analogues enabled us a full structure-activity analysis on the antigen-antibody reaction that the anti-body in the serum would recognize the full structure of ginsenoside $Rg_1$ except the side chain moiety.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 2004

Host resistance is usually parasite-specific and is restricted to a particular pathogen races, and commonly is expressed against specific pathogen genotypes. In contrast, resistance shown by an entire plant species to a species of pathogen is known as non-host resistance. Therefore, non-host resistance is the more common and broad form of disease resistance exhibited by plants. As a first step to understand the mechanism of non-host plant defense, expressed sequence tags (EST) were generated from a hot pepper leaf cDNA library constructed from combined leaves collected at different time points after inoculation with non-host soybean pustule pathogen (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Glycines; Xag). To increase gene diversity, ESTs were also generated from cDNA libraries constructed from anthers and flower buds. Among a total of 10,061 ESTs, 8,525 were of sufficient quality to analyze further. Clustering analysis revealed that 55 ％ of all ESTs (4685) occurred only once. BLASTX analysis revealed that 74％ of the ESTs had significant sequence similarity to known proteins present in the NCBI nr database. In addition, 1,265 ESTs were tentatively identified as being full-length cDNAs. Functional classification of the ESTs derived from pathogen-infected pepper leaves revealed that about 25％ were disease- or defense-related genes. Furthermore, 323 (7％) ESTs were tentatively identified as being unique to hot pepper. This study represents the first analysis of sequence data from the hot pepper plant species. Although we focused on genes related to the plant defense response, our data will be useful for future comparative studies.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.490-495
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• 2016

Pulsed eddy current (PEC) testing signals have typically been obtained from the electromotive force induced in a sensor coil. However, an increasing number of studies have elected to incorporate the Hall plate as a sensor. Thus, accurate numerical modeling of the Hall sensor signal is necessary. In this study, a PEC probe is designed and a numerical modeling program is written so that Hall sensor signals and coil sensor signals can be calculated simultaneously. First, a step current is used as the input current. The predicted Hall sensor signals show similar characteristics to those of the experimental signals reported by other researchers. The characteristics of the two types of signals are then analyzed and compared as the thickness of test object changes. The results show that the Hall sensor signal provides less information for evaluating the thickness of the test object than the coil sensor signal. The response signals from a pulsed input current are also calculated, and it is confirmed that an equivalent reversed signal pattern appeared after the pulse width at both signals.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.181-188
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• 1997

In order to clarify the effect of cryptosporidiosis on immune response, histopathological changes associated with experimentally occurring bursal cryptosporidiosis in chickens were chronologically observed as the first step. A total of 150 2-day-old chickens was each inoculated orally with a single dose of 5 × 105 Cryptospori,mum bailevi oocysts. The chickens showed a normal profile of oocyst shedding in droppings. The bursa indices throughout the experimental period indicated negligible reactions. Numerous cryptosporidia occurred in the microvillous border of bursal epithelium between days 4 and 16 postinoculation (PI). Appearance of the most mast cells was followed by a dramatic loss of the protozoa in the bursa of Fabricius (BF). The distribution of the coccidium coincided with heterophil infiltration in the epithelium and adjacent lamina propria. The histopathological lesion was marked diffuse chronic superficial purulent bursitis with heterophil infiltration in the epithelium and adjacent lamina proprla and mucosal epithelial hyperplasia. These results suggest that the bursitis may induce immunosuppressive effect.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.14-28
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• 2020

Future climate change may affect the hydro-thermal and biogeochemical characteristics of dam reservoirs, the most important water resources in Korea. Thus, scientific projection of the impact of climate change on the reservoir environment, factoring uncertainties, is crucial for sustainable water use. The purpose of this study was to predict the future water temperature and stratification structure of the Soyanggang Reservoir in response to a total of 42 scenarios, combining two climate scenarios, seven GCM models, one surface runoff model, and three wind scenarios of hydrodynamic model, and to quantify the uncertainty of each modeling step and scenario. Although there are differences depending on the scenarios, the annual reservoir water temperature tended to rise steadily. In the RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios, the upper water temperature is expected to rise by 0.029 ℃ (±0.012)/year and 0.048 ℃ (±0.014)/year, respectively. These rise rates are correspond to 88.1 % and 85.7 % of the air temperature rise rate. Meanwhile, the lower water temperature is expected to rise by 0.016 ℃ (±0.009)/year and 0.027 ℃ (±0.010)/year, respectively, which is approximately 48.6 % and 46.3 % of the air temperature rise rate. Additionally, as the water temperatures rises, the stratification strength of the reservoir is expected to be stronger, and the number of days when the temperature difference between the upper and lower layers exceeds 5 ℃ increases in the future. As a result of uncertainty quantification, the uncertainty of the GCM models showed the highest contribution with 55.8 %, followed by 30.8 % RCP scenario, and 12.8 % W2 model.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.152-163
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• 2020

The present study introduces a procedure to prepare and manage a high-resolution rainfall and soil moisture (SM) database in the LAMP prediction system, especially for landslide researchers. The procedure also includes converting the data into spatial resolution suitable for their interest regions following proper map projection methods. The LAMP model precipitation and SM data are quantitatively and qualitatively evaluated to identify the model prediction characteristics using the ERA5 reanalysis precipitation and observed 10m depth SM data. A detailed process of converting LAMP Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) output data for 10m horizontal resolution is described in a step-wise manner, providing technical convenience for users to easily convert NetCDF data from the WRF model into TIF data in ArcGIS. The converted data can be viewed and downloaded via the LAMP website (http://df.ncam.kr/lamp/index.do) of the National Center for AgroMeteorology. The constructed database will contribute to monitoring and prediction of landslide risk prior to landslide response steps and should be data quality controlled by more observation data.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 2006

In the present study, a strongly coupled analysis code is developed for transonic flutter analysis. For aerodynamic analysis, two dimensional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equation was used for governing equation, and ε-SST for turbulence model, DP-SGS(Data Parallel Symmetric Gauss Seidel) Algorithm for parallelization algorithm. 2 degree-of-freedom pitch and plunge model was used for structural analysis. To obtain flutter response in the time domain, dual time stepping method was applied to both flow and structure solver. Strongly coupled method was implemented by successive iteration of fluid-structure interaction in pseudo time step. Computed results show flutter speed boundaries and limit cycle oscillation phenomena in addition to typical flutter responses - damped, divergent and neutral responses. It is also found that the accuracy of transonic flutter analysis is strongly dependent on the methodology of fluid-structure interaction as well as on the choice of turbulence model.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.343-347
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• 2002

Bovine colostrum contains various bio-functional Proteins. Especially, transforming: growth factor-${\beta}$1 (TGF-${\beta}$1) has a function in concerns with immune response. The purpose of this study was to establish the purification Processing of transforming growth factor-${\beta}$1(TGF-${\beta}$1). The highest concentration of TGF-${\beta}$1 was measured within 48 h after parturition in bovine colostrum using ELISA kit. Purification of TGF-${\beta}$1 from whey protein was carried out by the gel filtration, AF-heparin chromatography and AF-heparin rechromatography. After final purification step, TGF-${\beta}$1 with a molecular weight of 25 kD was obtained, and confirmed by silver staining and western blotting. Finally, TGF-${\beta}$1 was identified native form of 25 kD and reducing form of 12.5 kD by reducing agent.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.2C
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• pp.213-221
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• 2004

A new method for design of two-channel finite-impulse response(FIR) quadrature mirror-image filter(QMF) banks with low reconstruction delay using weighting function is proposed. The weighting function used in this paper is calculated from the previous updated filter coefficients vector which is adjusted from iteration to iteration in the design of QMF banks. In this paper, passband and stopband edge frequency are used in design of QMF banks with low delay characteristic in time domain instead of specific frequency interval where the artifacts occur in conventional design method. The investigation of specific frequency interval where artifacts occur can not be required by using passband and stopband edge frequency. Some comparisons of performance are made with other existing design method to demonstrate the proposed method for QMF bank design. and it was observed that the proposed method using the weighted function and passband and stopband edge frequency improves the peak reconstruction error by 0.001 [dB], the peak-to-peak passband ripple by 0.003[dB], SNR with a white noise by 7[dB] and SNR with a step input by 32[dB], but with a reduction of the computational efficiency because of updating the weighting function over the conventional method in Ref [11].

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.436-439
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• 2002

Recently, It has performed that the basic research of the photoconductive material and the development and application of the digital radiograph detector which is divided into the direct and indirect method. The objective of this study investigate the effect of the electric characteristic about changing the composition of Arsenic in hybrid detector system for compensating a defect of conventional. We fabricated samples using the amorphous Selenium and Arsenic alloy with various concentrations of the Arsenic{seven step 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 3%, 5%). And using EFIRON optical adhesives the formed multi-layer$(Gd_{2}O_{2}S(Eu^{2+}))$ composed phosphor layer. X-ray and light sensitivity was measured to study x-ray response characteritics. As results, highest value was measured as output net charge and SNR were $315.7pC/cm^2/mR$ and 99.4 at 0.3%As doping ratio.