• 벤처창업연구
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.155-166
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 중소기업 조직구성원의 자기효능감이 직무열의와 직무성과에 미치는 영향을 연구하고 SEM-ANN (Structural Equation Modeling-Artificial Neural Network) 분석을 적용하여 성별 (Ggender)과 결혼 여부의 변수에 따른 차이를 분석하기 위한 것이다. 연구목적의 달성을 위하여 400명의 중소기업 조직구성원들로부터 자료를 수집하여 285명의 유효표본이 분석에 이용되었다. 본 연구에서 자기효능감은 자신감, 자기조절효능감, 그리고 과제난이도 선호의 세 가지 하위차원으로 구성되었다. 분석 결과, 자신감, 자기조절효능감, 그리고 과제난이도 선호 등의 자기효능감은 직무열의에 직접적으로 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 자기효능감 중 자신감과 자기조절효능감은 직무성과에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치나, 과제난이도 선호는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 직무열의는 직무성과에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 자기효능감과 직무성과 간의 관계에서 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 미혼 남성은 과제난이도 선호, 기혼 남성은 자기조절효능감을 가장 중요시하나, 여성은 결혼 여부에 관계없이 자신감과 자기조절효능감을 중시하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 주로 교육 및 서비스업종 등에서 이루어지고 있는 자기효능감 관련 연구를 다차원으로 측정하여, 중소기업 구성원들을 대상으로 하여 자기효능감-직무열의-직무성과 간의 프레임워크를 제시하고, 기업들이 조직구성원의 성별, 결혼 여부에 따른 조직구성원 관리의 근거를 찾는데 도움을 줄 수 있다는데 의의가 있다. 또한, 본 연구의 SEM-ANN 분석 과정은 지금까지 SEM을 이용한 선형적(보상적) 관계에서 영향 또는 기준 변수들의 조합을 분석할 수 있는 비선형적 (비보상적) 관계를 설명한다는 점에서 차별성이 있다.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.63-74
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• 1997

'Self-esteem' is defined as 'the lived status of one's individual competence and personal worthiness in dealing with the challenges of Life over Time' and high self-esteem is associated with self-confidence, effectively coping, well-being, and responsibility. The first purpose of this study was to identify the concept of self-esteem and to investigate the relationship with self-esteem and responsible environmental behaviors (REB). According to the results, it was found that 'self-esteem' is considered as one of the influential factors on REB and self-esteem enhancement is essential for the responsible choice and determination of environments. The second purpose was to analyse the level of self-esteem in High School students. The mean scores of merits and demerits for all the students involved (402) were 14.58 and 14.91 respectively. By applying the t-test, the two scores were not so different: thus the mean of self-esteem was found to be at a median level. The number of adove-average, average and below-average levels were 114, 163 and 125 respectively. From now on, the development of strategies to enhance self-esteem is urgently needed.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2022

Background & Objectives: Self-rated health has been widely used to evaluate health status and accepted as a subjective measurement of quality of life. This study aimed to analyze the associations between self-rated health, health promotion behaviors, and mental health factors and suggest the approaches to improve health status among university students. Methods: Two thousand six hundred seventy-seven students who had stayed at dormitories on campus participated in the DU health survey by self-reported questionnaire from April 10 to 14, 2017. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of association of self-rated health with health-related factors among male and female students. Results: 38.6% of the respondents reported good self-rated health. Male and first-year students were more likely to report good self-rated health than female and third-year students. There were significant differences in sex, grade, health problems, BMI, sleeping hours, eating breakfast, consumption of fruits and vegetables, physical activity (regular walking, strength exercise, moderate exercise, vigorous exercise), perceived stress, depression, and suicide thought (p<0.05). Conclusion: Although health promotion programs for university students are essential to support their adaptation to campus life and academic achievement, evidence-based health programs to encourage their participation are still insufficient. Therefore, it should establish a campus-based health policy and develop health promotion programs to increase self-rated health levels and prevent mental health problems for university students.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.237-250
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• 1998

'Self-esteem' is defined as 'the lived status of one's individual competence and personal worthiness in dealing with the challenges of Life over Time'. High self-esteem is associated with self-confidence, effectively coping, well-being, and responsibility and it is essential for the responsible choice and determination of environments. The purposes of this study were to develop a strategy to enhance the self-esteem and to verify the effects. A new strategy, 'Cognitive Restructuring Strategy' was based on the characteristics of self-esteem and the key idea of this was to eliminate negative thoughts and to reinforce affirmative thoughts. We developed the statement to embody this strategy and applied to the experimental group. According to the results, self-esteem for the control group(155) did not changed but that for the experimental group(158) was significantly enhanced. Continuously, environmental learning instructions of 3 units were carried out on two groups. By applying the t-test, achievement-test scores for the experimental group per unit were significantly higher than those of the control group as regards the four respective goals of EE. Therefore this strategy and statement are helpful in enhancing self-esteem and it was found that 'self-esteem' is a influential factor to form environmental responsible behaviors(ERB).

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.941-950
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• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between depressive symptoms and oral health status in Korean middle-aged women. Methods: We analyzed data from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI). The final sample consisted of 2,691 adults aged 40-64 years. The Chi-squared test was used to assess the rate of depressive symptoms, oral health status, and relationship between oral health status and depressive symptoms. Moreover, logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between depressive symptoms and oral health status. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 program. Results: Overall, 15.1% of subjects experienced depressive symptoms. The rate of depressive symptoms in self-aware oral health, toothache, and mastication problem groups were 19.6%, 19.9%, and 25.3%, respectively. Compared to other groups, the likelihood (odds ratio) of having depressive symptoms was 1.47 (95% confidence interval [CI] : 1.16-1.88), 1.58 (95% CI: 1.22-2.04), and 1.73 (95% CI: 1.32-2.28) higher in self-aware bad oral health, toothache, and mastication problem groups, respectively. Conclusions: We found an association between depressive symptoms and oral health status. Thus, oral health status should be evaluated as a potential risk factor for depressive symptoms.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the Post-modernism social cultural pattern has been reflected in collar of costume. In the classes social, collar in costume is the expressive medium of ideology and status symbol such as Passium of ancian Ezypt and Byzantin collar which is examined religion belif. The conspicuous function of collar can be examed as the ruff collar, which is the expressive medium of self-confidence, but the whisk collar and the flat collar means decline the authorized conspicous function. In the cultural pattern of Post-modernism, collar in costume presents the coexistence of double-sides value such as androgyny, dividinism and eclecticism. For example, the tailored collar or shirt collar in women's suit with delicate materials express the self-confidence, energy and intelligence, and the round collar or the draped collar in men's suit with rough material express the sensibility and liberty. In the deconstructivity through breaking the basis form of the collar, callar can be transformed in to sleeve, cape or hat on occasion. In conclusion, the function of collar changes by the cultural pattern and expresses the spirit.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.645-650
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate dental clinic fear and anxiety in high school students. Methods : The subjects were 311 high school students aged 19 years. They completed self-reported questionnaire including general characteristics, dental clinic experiences, dentist or dental hygienist confidence, and dental fear. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Results : Poor oral health status showed negative attitude towards dental clinic visit. Girl students tended to have more fear than boy students. Muscle tension was the most common experience and was closely related to anesthetic needles and drills. Dental anxiety was caused by lack of confidence to dentists and dental hygienists. Students were more afraid of dentists than dental hygienists. Higher score of dental anxiety seemed to be associated with infrequent visit to dental clinic. Conclusions : Frequent regular dental checkup may reduce dental fear and anxiety. Dental clinic staff should try to minimize dental anxiety in performing treatment.

• 아동학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.197-210
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between social support and perception of self-confidence in children by grade, sex, and other related variables. The subjects were 136 third-graders, 143 sixth-graders, and 161 eighth-graders in public schools located in Pusan. Instruments were Harter's Self-Perception Profile for Children and the Social Support Appraisal Scale (SSAS). The SSAS is a 31-item measure that taps children's perception of family, peer, and teacher support. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentile, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression. The main results showed that (1) children in 6th and 8th grades perceived higher peer support than children in 3rd grade, (2) except for social acceptance, the children in higher grades perceived themselves lower in self-competence than the children in lower grades, (3) there was a positive relationship between children's perception of self-competence and social support, and (4) the variables which influenced children's self-perception were, in descending order: socioeconomic status(${\beta}=.52$), age(${\beta}=.21$), social support(${\beta}=.10$). These three variables explained 38% of the children' self-perception.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.287-300
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• 2015

Objectives: Self-rated health is a measure of perceived health widely used in epidemiological studies. Our study investigated the determinants of poor self-rated health in middle-aged Korean adults with diabetes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted based on the Health Examinees Study. A total of 9759 adults aged 40 to 69 years who reported having physician-diagnosed diabetes were analyzed with regard to a range of health determinants, including sociodemographic, lifestyle, psychosocial, and physical variables, in association with self-rated health status using multivariate logistic regression models. A p-value <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: We found that negative psychosocial conditions, including frequent stress events and severe distress according to the psychosocial well-being index, were most strongly associated with poor self-rated health (odds ratio $[OR]_{\text{Frequent stress events}}$, 5.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.63 to 6.29; $OR_{\text{Severe distress}}$, 11.08; 95% CI, 8.77 to 14.00). Moreover, younger age and being underweight or obese were shown to be associated with poor self-rated health. Physical factors relating to participants' medical history of diabetes, such as a younger age at diagnosis, a longer duration of diabetes, insulin therapy, hemoglobin A1c levels of 6.5% or more, and comorbidities, were other correlates of poor reported health. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that, in addition to medical variables, unfavorable socioeconomic factors, and adverse lifestyle behaviors, younger age, being underweight or obese, and psychosocial stress could be distinc factors in predicting negative perceived health status in Korean adults with diabetes.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to provide fundamental data supporting facilitation of a formal health education performed by school nurses as health educators. To evaluate the teacher expertise of school nurses as health educators, this study analyzed the present status of health education and the recognition of self-confidence in teaching ability of school nurses. Self addressing questionnaire were mailed out to 340 secondary school nurses in Seoul and out of them 244 nurses (71.8%) responded to the survey. Analysis of the data was made using t-test and ANOVA in SAS program. The major results are as follows : 1. The total health instruction performance rate was 84.6% (204). Regular health instruction was carried out by 66 nurses and the rest of the 155 subjects gave irregular instruction on health education. 2. Regular health education classes was offered as a part of physical education class hour by 89.4% of the respondents whereas only 10.6% of them had formal health education classes. The survey showed that irregular health education classes were mainly held in physical education class hours (70.3%) and 14.8% had opportunities for additional classes on health education. 3. The average class for regular health education was 5 hours per week but for irregular health education classes were only one hour per semester (32.9%). 4. Among the 11 categories of health education, education on drug abuse and body structure and function and physical development occupied 95.6%, 69.6% respectably while physical training, family health, social health occupied 10.8%, 12.7%. 5. Health education was given much more at public schools (88.2%) than at private schools. 6. 232 (95.0%) school nurses agreed with the necessity of formalizing health education classes and 227 (93.1%) wanted to change their status from school nurses to formal health teachers. 7. There is a tendency to change the status from school nurse to formal health teacher, and the necessity of having a formal curriculum on health education while less recognized by the older and longer-careered nurses was more recognized by those nurses with higher education. 8. The lack of administrative support (79.5%), work burden (77.9%), and lack of teaching competency (22.1%) were the greatest problems. 9. Education on drug abuse was stressed the most whereas physical training was most neglected. 10. There is a tendency that older and longer-careered school nurses thought less positively of their status, and then 98 (81.1%) school nurses acknowledged themselves as professional teachers. 11. 176 (72.5%) school nurses agreed with the necessity of continuing education : health knowledge and teaching skills for formal health teachers. 12. 179 (73.8%) school nurses had a positive attitude and undergraduate preparation and the practice of professional health teachers. 13. The school nurses had self-confidence in their teaching competence, teaching strategies and knowledge in all 11 health education areas.