• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2023

Skin and joint diseases are relatively common in dogs. Nutritional complementation is one of the various management strategies for these disorders. This study evaluated the safety and clinical efficacy of Kyungokgo-gamibang in dogs with skin and joint diseases. Thirty dogs with diseases were included and divided into three groups: control group (n = 15), skin group (n = 10), and joint group (n = 5). The skin and joint groups were fed skin and joint gums composed of Kyungokgo-gamibang extract with standard treatment for four weeks. The control group included dogs with skin diseases who were administered standard skin infection treatment for 4 weeks. The physical and laboratory results showed no remarkable adverse effects of Kyungokgo-gamibang extract after its administration in dogs. Clinical efficacy was evaluated using quality of life scale, and levels of cytokines, including interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and tumor necrosis factor-α, for 4 weeks in all groups. Dermatologic clinical scales were performed for 4 weeks in the control and skin groups. Both the control and skin groups had significantly decreased dermatologic clinical scales, including pruritus and erythema scales (p < 0.05). Among the cytokine levels, only IL-2 concentration was significantly decreased in the skin group after 4 weeks of administration of the Kyungokgo-gamibang extract (p = 0.032). There was no significant difference between the levels of cytokines on days 0 and 28 in the joint group. The quality of life scale was significantly increased after week 4 compared to week 0 in the skin (p = 0.008) and joint groups (p = 0.041). This study suggests that Kyungokgo-gamibang extract can be applied in managing dogs affected by skin and joint diseases without adverse effects.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.778-787
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• 2004

유기물이 풍부한 토양에서 분리하여 동정한 Bacillus stearothermophilus DL-3와 미강을 사용하여 미생물 제재를 제조하고 미생물 제재의 처리가 상추(적치마 상추)와 배추(가락 신1호 배추)재배 토양의 미생물상에 미치는 영향 및 상추와 배추의 생장에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 미생물 제재를 처리 한 6주 후, 미생물 제재를 처 리 한 토양에 존재하는 토양 미생물의 총 균수는 미생물 제재를 처리하지 않은 토양에 존재하는 토양 미생물의 총 균수에 비하여 미생물 제재를 처리한 양에 비례하여 많음을 확인하였다. 미생물 제재를 처리한 토양에서 재배한 상추와 배추의 생육이 미생물 제재를 처리하지 않은 토양에서 재배한 상추와 배추에 비하여 빠름을 확인하였다. 미생물 제재를 처리한 토양에서는 처리하지 않은 토양에 비하여 전체적인 토양 미생물 수의 증가와 작물의 생장에 유용한 종류의 미생물이 상대적으로 증가하기 때문에 상추와 배추의 생장을 촉진시킨다고 판단된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.877-883
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• 1998

배경: 심장수술의 표준 보조수단으로 자리잡고 있는 심폐바이패스 기법은 비심장질환 치료에서도 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 국내에서는 이에 관해 산발적인 보고들은 있으나 전체적인 분석연구는 아직 없다. 대상 및 방법: 저자들은 1969-1996년 사이 서울대병원에서 경험한 환자중 후향적 의무기록 추적이 가능한 20례의 환자를 분석하였다. 환자들은 막성 하대정맥 폐쇄 8예, 악성 흑색종 5예, 폐색전증 3예, 그리고 두개골내 거대 동맥류, 신장암, 폐이식, 지방육종 각각 1예였다. 이중 심폐바이패스에 의한 초저 체온 유도 및 순환정지가 필요했던 경우는 모두 6예로 하대정맥폐쇄가 4예, 두개골내 거대동맥류 1예, 하대정맥내 혈전을 동반한 신세포암 1예였다. 결과: 심폐바이패스 시간은 하대정맥폐쇄에서 평균 113분(42~165분), 신세포암 156분, 거대동 맥류 161분이였다. 최저 직장온도는 하대정맥폐쇄에서 평균 26$^{\circ}C$(25.4~27.1$^{\circ}C$), 신세포암과 거대동맥 류에서는 19$^{\circ}C$였다. 하대정맥폐쇄 환자들에서의 술후 경과는 양호하였고, 거대동맥류에서는 수술직후 혈종제거를 위한 재수술을 시도하였으며 술후 14일째 사망하였다. 신세포암 환자는 술후 합병증 없이 회복되었으나 6개월후 전신전이로 사망하였다. 폐질환에서 심폐바이패스를 이용한 경우는 모두 4례로, 3례는 폐색전증이었고 1례는 양측폐이식술을 시행한 사례였다. 폐색전증에서는 응급소생술을 시행하였 던 환자에서 일시적인 신경학적 이상소견을 보인 것 외에는 모두 별 문제 없이 회복되었다. 양측폐이식 수술 환자에서는 일측폐이식 후 저산소증과 혈역학적 불안정으로 심폐바이패스 보조가 필요하였다. 이 후 심폐바이패스 이탈은 순조로웠으나 지속적인 저심박출증과 전신패혈증으로 술후 19일 만에 사망하였 다. 하대정맥 폐쇄에서 순환정지 없이 심폐바이패스를 시행한 경우는 모두 4례로 모두 심폐바이패스와 관련된 합병증은 없었으며 술후 양호한 경과를 보였다. 심폐바이패스를 이용한 고열 구역 항암화학 관류 요법을 시행받은 환자 6예중 5예는 사지에 발생한 악성흑색종이였고 나머지 1예는 재발성 지방육종 환자 였다. 심폐바이패스 시간은 평균 153분(107~270분)이였고, 국소 관류부위의 부종이나 신경장애 등의 합병증은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론: 이들 환자들에서의 치료 경험을 토대로 할 때 비심장질환에서의 심폐 바이패스 적용은 비록 그 적응이 제한되어 있지만 적절히 활용되는 경우에는 그 잠재적 유용성은 크다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.132-135
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• 2010

둥글넙치과에 속하는 Arnoglossus polyspilus 1개체(표준 체장 229.0 mm)가 제주도 주변 해역에서 처음으로 채집되었다. 본 종은 꼬리지느러미 상엽과 하엽에 두개의 작은 연조가 있으며, 등지느러미 앞부분의 연조는 약간 연장되었다. 위턱은 전체 길이의 좌측 눈 아래 1/3 앞까지 도달하고, 첫 번째 새궁의 상지에는 1개의 새파를 갖는다. 본 종의 신한국명을 "노랑반점가자미"라고 명명하였다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.114-121
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• 2018

FT process is a technology of chemical reactions that converts a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen into liquid hydrocarbons. During the FT process unreacted gas, known as Off-gas which has low-calorie, is discharged. In this study, we developed an engine that utilize simulated Off-gas, and studied the characteristics of the engine. The off-gas composition is assumed to be $H_2$ 70%, CO 15%, $CO_2$ 15% respectively. Under stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, the experiment was conducted at WOT and IMEP 0.3 Mpa changing compression ratio. Ignition timing was applied with MBT timing. Maximum indicated thermal efficiency 37% was achieved at compression ratio 15 under WOT. CO, $CO_2$ and $NO_x$ were influenced by changing compression ratio, and CO emission was satisfied with the US Tier 4 standard for nonroad engine over the entire experimental conditions.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.406-414
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• 2002

A new approach, referred to as a successive zooming genetic algorithm (SZGA), is Proposed for identifying a global solution for continuous optimization problems. In order to improve the local fine-tuning capability of GA, we introduced a new method whereby the search space is zoomed around the design point with the best fitness per 100 generation. Furthermore, the reliability of the optimized solution is determined based on the theory of probability. To demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm, a simple genetic algorithm, micro genetic algorithm, and the proposed algorithm were tested as regards for the minimization of a multiminima function as well as simple functions. The results confirmed that the proposed SZGA significantly improved the ability of the algorithm to identify a precise global minimum. As an example of structural optimization, the SZGA was applied to the optimal location of support points for weight minimization in the radial gate of a dam structure. The proposed algorithm identified a more exact optimum value than the standard genetic algorithms.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.211-215
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• 2013

The trace toxic metal copper was assayed using mercury immobilized on a carbon nanotube electrode (MCW), with a graphite counter and a reference electrode. In this study, a macro-scale convection motor was interfaced with a MCW three-electrode system, in which a handmade MCW was optimized using cyclic- and square-wave stripping voltammetry. An analytical electrolyte for tap water was used instead of an expensive acid or base ionic solution. Under these conditions, optimum parameters were 0.09 V amplitude, 40 Hz frequency, 0.01 V incremental potential, and a 60-s accumulation time. A diagnostic working curve was obtained from 50.0 to 350 ${\mu}g/L$. At a constant Cu(II) concentration of 10.0 ${\mu}g/L$, the statistical relative standard deviation was 1.78% (RSD, n = 15), the analytical accumulation time was only 60 s, and the analytical detection limit approached 4.6 ${\mu}g/L$ (signal/noise = 3). The results were applied to non-treated drinking water. The content of the analyzed copper using 9.0 and 4.0 ${\mu}g/L$ standards were 8.68 ${\mu}g/L$ and 3.96 ${\mu}g/L$; statistical values $R^2$ = 0.9987 and $R^2$ = 0.9534, respectively. This method is applicable to biological diagnostics or food surveys.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2009

This paper presents a methodology for photovoltaic (PV) system allocation in distribution systems using a discrete particle swarm optimization (DPSO). The PV allocation problem is in the category of mixed integer nonlinear programming and its formulation may include multi-valued dis-crete variables. Thus, the PSO requires a scheme to deal with multi-valued discrete variables. This paper introduces a novel multi-level quantization scheme using a sigmoid function for discrete particle swarm optimization. The technique is employed to a standard PSO architecture; the same velocity update equation as in continuous versions of PSO is used but the particle's positions are updated in an alternative manner. The set of multi-level quantization is defined as integer multiples of powers-of-two terms to efficiently approximate the sigmoid function in transforming a particle's position into discrete values. A comparison with a genetic algorithm (GA) is performed to verify the quality of the solutions obtained.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.56-61
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• 2017

The check valves are mechanical valves that permit fluids to flow in only one direction, preventing flow from reversing. It is classified as one way directional valves. There are various types of check valves that used in a marine application. A lift type check valve uses the disc to open and close the passage of fluid. The disc lift up from seat as pressure below the disc increases, while drop in pressure on the inlet side or a build up of pressure on the outlet side causes the valve to close. An important concept in check valves is the cracking pressure which is the minimum upstream pressure at which the valve will operate. On the other hand, optimization is a process of finding the best set of parameters to reach a goal while not violating certain constraints. The AMESim software provides NLPQL(Nonlinear Programming by Quadratic Lagrangian) and genetic algorithm(GA) for optimization. NLPQL is the implementation of a SQP(sequential quadratic programming) algorithm. SQP is a standard method, based on the use of a gradient of objective functions and constraints to solve a non-linear optimization problem. A characteristic of the NLPQL is that it stops as soon as it finds a local minimum. Thus, the simulation results may be highly dependent on the starting point which user give to the algorithm. In this paper, we carried out optimization design of the check valve with NLPQL algorithm.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1080-1085
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• 2005

A hybrid control scheme is proposed for the stabilization of backward movement along simple paths for a vehicle composed of a truck and six trailers. The hybrid comprises the combination of a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and a neurocontroller (NC) that is trained by a genetic algorithm (GA). Acting singly, either the NC or the LQR are unable to perform satisfactorily over the entire range of the operation required, but the proposed hybrid is shown to be capable of providing good overall system performance. The evaluation function of the NC in the hybrid design has been modified from the conventional type to incorporate both the squared errors and the running steps errors. The reverse movement of the trailer-truck system can be modeled as an unstable nonlinear system, with the control problem focusing on the steering angle. Achieving good backward movement is difficult because of the restraints of physical angular limitations. Due to these constraints the system is impossible to globally stabilize with standard smooth control techniques, since some initial states necessarily lead to jack-knife locks. This paper demonstrates that a hybrid of neural networks and LQR can be used effectively for the control of nonlinear dynamical systems. Results from simulated trials are reported.