• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.228-239
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• 2013

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to develop an automated disinfectant dilution system, and an automated data management system for spraying amount for resolving uncertainty problem. Methods: Proper diluting rate was made by a controlled volume pump for liquid disinfectant and a screw conveyer pump for solid disinfectant. The water capacity of disinfecting system of 400 L was controlled by two water level sensors. The water quantity of water tank was controlled by the signals which were produced by the water level sensors. Signals were processed by Labview Programming, and ON/OFF of solenoid valve that was used for controlling water supplying to water tank, was controlled by SSR. The operating time of pumps for disinfectant was controlled quantitatively. A turbine flowmeter was used for development of automated measurement system for spraying amount of disinfectant. In order to save the flowmeter data and to control the spraying system, a multi-function data logger was used, and it was processed and saved in Excel file by a program developed in this study. Results: Labview 2010 was used for programming to control the automated measurement system for spraying amount of disinfectant. Results showed that the relationship between flowmeter value and time had a significant linear relationship such as 0.99 of $R^2$. Generally, 6.74 L/s of diluted disinfectant is sprayed for a vehicle passing through the disinfection system (about 15 seconds). Test results showed that average error between the measured spraying amount and the flowmeter data was 50 mL, and the range of error was 1.3%. Since the amount and time of spraying could be saved in real-time by using the spreadsheet files which could not be modified arbitrarily, it made possible to judge objectively whether the disinfection spraying was performed or not. Test results of spraying liquid and solid disinfectant showed that the errors between the measured discharge rate and the theoretical one were ranged within 3-4% for various dilution rates. Conclusions: The disinfection system developed would be working accurately. The automated spraying data base management system satisfied the purpose of this study. The automated dilution process system developed in this study could discharge liquid and solid disinfectant with accurate dilution rate, relatively.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-2
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• 2003

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.1-3
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• 2003

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.95-97
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• 1971

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of maleic hydrazide upon the winter hardness on leaves spraying after harvesting of autumn rearing season. The results obtained are as follows; 1. Spraying over 0.25% increased starch in all tissues of the twig than that in the not-sprdyed control twig. 2. Spraying time of central district was the middle ten days of september. 3. There were effect on spraying of all the treatment variety Suwon No. 4. 4. Winter hardiness by variety was strong in the order of Suwon No. 4, Gae Ryang Su ban, Il Jire, Rosang.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.33-40
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• 2005

In this study, a nano-colloidal silica sol was applied to control the anti-slip property by spraying on kraft paper. Two kinds of nano-colloidal silica sol which have cationic and anionic charge were applied in kraft paper, and the friction and physical strength properties of kraft paper were investigated. The application of colloidal silica sol on wet web in wet-end process by spraying method was tried to improve the friction property and to avoid the general problems of machine contaminations caused by the scattering of sprayed silica particles in dryer part. The physical properties of sheet were also improved by the application of wet web spraying method, and the optimum conditions of wet web spraying operation were closely related with the conditions of pH and electrical charge of wet web and silica sol.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.6 no.S1
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• pp.160-165
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• 1997

Yttria stabilized zirconia coating is an attractive material for several engineering applications. In order to produce coatings with consistent and reliable performance it is important to understand the influence of spraying parameters on the coating properties and optimize the spraying parameters. In this paper the low pressure plasma spray(LPPS) deposition of as-received zirconia powder has been investigated using simple one-factor-at-a-time approach. The deposition efficiency was chosen to evaluate the melting characteristics of the as-received zirconia powder. The results obtained indicated that the deposition efficiency of zirconia powder is very sensitive to the spraying parameters such as plasma gas flow rate and ranges from 24% to 57% The microstructure and the phase composition of zirconia coating deposited with the different plasma spraying parameters were also examined by SEM and XRD respectively. The relationship between deposition efficiency and the microstructure of zirconia coating was discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 1996

A Taguchi methodology study of the plasma spraying thermal barrier coating (TBC) layer is presented. The experiment parameters were designed by a L8-style orthogonal arrays approach. A Taguchi analysis was conduc-ted through the results of the coating properties which were affected by plasma spraying parameters. Zirconia (partially stbilized with ytrria: PSZ) was sprayed on TiAl intermetallic compound substrates, The coating layer was characterized by thickness microstructure and porosity using SEM and Image analyzer. The coating quali-ties are discussed with respect to thermal barrier effect thermal cycling test6 and adhesion strength test. An optimum condition of plasma spraying process which are derived from the Taguchi analysis could be found for high quality TBC.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.514-515
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• 2006

In this study, multi-ply SiC fiber reinforced Ti-6Al-4V composites have been manufactured by plasma spraying and subsequent vacuum hot pressing. Two different sizes of Ti-6Al-4V feedstock powders were used for plasma spraying to form matrix. A considerable amount of oxygen was incorporated into as-sprayed Ti matrix during plasma spraying, and consequently caused matrix embrittlement. The use of coarse-sized feedstock powder reduced oxygen contamination, but tended to increase fiber spacing irregularity and fiber strength degradation. Longitudinal tensile strength and ductility of the composites were mainly affected by the matrix oxygen content.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.55-62
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• 1989

Variation of the spray droplet velocity with spraying distance and the microstructural characteristics of spray deposits fromed by oxy-fuel thermal spraying with Ni-base alloy powder contained chrome boride for hard facing were examined. Measurements of spray droplet velocity as a function of distance from the nozzle tip were inexcellent agreement with computer simulated predictions. Optimum condition for thermal spray deposits in this experiment was found to be under #10kg/cm^2$ of acceleration gas pressure with 15cm of spraying distance. Fine microstructure and higher microhardness of the initial part of the deposits due to rapid solidification were found to be able to maintained in a thickness up to 0.4mm, and this initial microstructure and properties could be maintained throughout the thickness of a thick spray deposits by performing the multipass spraying with 0.4mm thickness of each pass.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.113-119
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• 2009

Atrophic rhinitis (AR) is the one of important respiratory diseases and causes severe economic losses in pig industry. Severe attempts have been made to reduce the economic losses by preventing the disease. One of the methods is the spraying of antibiotics into nasal cavity of piglets. Recently, the efficacy of the spraying with kanamycin and gentamicin was reduced in the Korean swine industry. Therefore, the preventive methods have been required to be changed based on the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of causative agents of swine AR. Based on the current situations of this disease, Bordetella (B.) bronchiseptica and Pasteurella (P.) multocida 4D were isolated from pigs with clinical signs of AR. The isolation rates of B. bronchiseptica and P. multocida 4D were 58.5% and 32.9%, respectively. In the antimicrobial susceptibility test, the bacteria were resistant to kanamycin and gentamicin which have been used as the spraying agents, but they were susceptible to amikacin. A new spraying agent was developed using amikacin using ${\beta}$-glucan and yakbaltag as supplementary agents. Field efficacy of the agent was carried out with different schedule. The results from this study suggested that the newly developed spraying agents might be helpful to prevent AR in swine.