• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.517-520
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• 2006

The effects of culture soil combinations on growth of native pteridophyte (Pteris multifida, Cyrtomium falcatum and Cheilanthes argentea) were investigated in this study. Six different culture soil mixtures used for cultivating the pteridophytes under 30% shading condition. Pteris multifida was showed the most growth at the culture soil mixtures of peatmoss : living moss (5 : 5), and peatmoss : perlite (7 : 3). Cyrtomium falcatum and Cheilanthes argentea showed the best growth in the culture soils mixtures of sand : soil : leaf mold (2 : 5 : 3) and peatmoss : perlite (7 : 3, 5 : 5), respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.332-336
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• 2004

An anaerobic PCE(tetrachloroethylene) dechlorinating bacterial culture from a landfill soil was enriched and characterized. The enrichment culture could dechlorinate 60$\mu$mol/$m\ell$ of PCE during a month of incubation and cis-DCE(cis-dichloroethylene) was observed as a main product of PCE dechlorination. Microbial analysis of the dechlorinating enrichment culture by rising PCR-DGGE (Polymerase chain reaction-Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) method showed that at least three microorganisms were related to the anaerobic PCE dechlorination.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.136-139
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• 2001

In this study, we have examined potential degradation of MTBE (methy1 tert-butyl ether) by pure culture ENV425 and mixed culture isolated from gasoline contaminated soil using n-butane as the sources of carbon and energy. The results described in this study suggest that MTBE is degraded cometabolically by ENV425 and mixed culture grown n-butane, and the disappearance of TBA after complete degradation of MTBE suggest the further degradation of TBA. Butane and MTBE degradation was completely inhibited by acetylene, which indicated that both substrates were degraded by butane-utilizing bacteria. MTBE was degraded ENV425 and mixed culture grown n-butane, and TBA (tert-butyl alcohol) was produced as product of MTBE oxidation. TBA production was accounted 54.7% and 58.6% for MTBE oxidation by ENV425 and mixed culture, respectively. The observed maximal transformation yield (T$_{y}$) were 44.7 and 34.0 (nmol MTRE degraded/$\mu$mol n-butane Utilized) by ENV425 and mixed culture, respectively.y.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.179-187
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• 2011

This review describes the characteristics of various unculturable soil bacteria, successfully-cultivating examples of those bacteria, and the diverse factors to be considered for successful cultivation. Most importantly, the selection of proper media is very important because unculturable bacteria demand different types of nutrients at various concentrations of substrates, nitrogens and phosphorus. To develop a new medium to successfully culture unculturable bacteria from soil, molecular ecological studies should be combined together. The inoculum size on a plate is also important: less than 50 bacterial cells are recommended to be plated on a single culture plate. The environmental factors such as pH and salt concentration of the medium need to be adjusted as similar as possible to mimic the original soil environments, and the trial of the various temperatures and extended period of cultivation are better. Since one cannot simply tell about which one was unculturable among a great number of colonies grown on a newly developed medium, some suitable detection methods and fast identification methods are required. Many soil bacteria live with cooperation one another in their communities, so that enrichment such as coculture of using other bacterial metabolites and subsequent pure cultures can also guarantee successful cultivation of the previously uncultured bacteria in soil. Here, this review will discuss for the future perspectives to culture the unculturable soil bacteria.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.29-33
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• 2005

To develop proper soil management practices for reducing soil erosion, experiments were carried out by using lysimeters in Pyeongchang highland, Korea. Lysimeters installed at Hoenggye bad 13% slope, 15 m slope length and 3 m width. Lysimeters with 23% slope, 15 m slope length and 3 m width were also installed at Yongsan. Soil textures in Hoenggye and Yongsan lysimeter plots were silty clay loam and sandy loam, respectively. In the lysimeters potato was cultivated, and slant furrow culture and contour culture were applied. Up-down furrow and continuous fallow lysimeter was included in the experiments as a control plot. For the slant furrow and contour culture methods, minimum furrow mulching and gravel barrier were placed at each end of the furrows in the lysimeters from April to October in 2000 and 2001 to prevent soil and nutrient losses. In Heonggye, in two years experiments, average soil loss of 17 Mg/ha was found in the up-down and continuous fallow lysimeter and 2.6 Mg/ha from furrow minimum straw and slant furrow treatment, and 1.8 Mg/ha from slant furrow and gravel bag treatment. In the contour culture, the soil losses were further reduced. In Yongsan, soil loss in the slant furrow culture without any protection treatment was 167 Mg/ha, and the soil loss was reduce to 61 and 86 Mg/ha with minimum straw and gravel bag treatments, respectively. The soil loss could be reduced more than 45% by furrow minimum straw and gravel barrier. The furrow minimum straw or gravel bag barrier successfully reduced soil loss in clay loam soil in Heonggye, but still the treatments were not enough to reduce soil loss in saprolite piled sandy loam soil in Yongsan.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.268-273
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• 2019

The apparent soil resistivity is used for estimating multilayer soil parameters, such as, layer's depth and soil resistivity. The soil parameters are estimated by continuously revising those parameters until the error between the measured and calculated apparent soil resistivity reaches to allowable level. The equation for calculating the apparent soil resistivity is complicated and time consumed, because it is composed of an infinite integral which includes a zero order Bessel's function of the first kind. In this paper, a fast algorithm for calculating the apparent soil resistivity of horizontal multilayer earth structure is proposed using exponential sampling method.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.182-187
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• 2020

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been manufactured in recent years and widely used in various fields. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which occur in AgNPs, destroy cell membranes. It is widely accepted that ROS generated in this manner inhibit microorganisms growth and causes toxic effects, However, it does not affect cell membranes directly but positively affects growth in plants with cell walls. The nanoball used in this experiment is a new material that generates ROS stably and is used in aqueous solution. Results of this study indicate a 30% increase in yield of Ginseng mixed with culture soil. The analysis of soil condition after cultivation showed that the possibility of repetitive cultivation in soil mixed with Nanoball was high. This suggests that Nanoball is an antimicrobial active material due to the microbial / extermination effect of pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, there may be potential applications in agricultural cultivation sites as a repetitive cultivation technology that reuses soil.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.168-175
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• 1997

In greenhouse, data on evapotranspiration or water consumption is important for the rational water management, irrigation planning, thermal environment analysis, and watering automation. But little investigations have been attempted to make clear the characteristics of water consumption in greenhouse. In this paper, evapotransplrations of lettuce and cucumber by cropping systems were investigated. And the correlations among evapotranspiration, pan evaporation, solar radiation, mean air temperature, and minimum relative humidity were analyzed. Experimental cropping systems of lettuce were soil culture and NFT system. Those of cucumber were soil culture, perlite culture, and rockwool culture. Total water consumption of lettuce was 2.62$\ell$/plant in soil culture and 1.71$\ell$/plant in NFT system. That of cucumber was 45.22$\ell$/plant in soil culture, 27.45$\ell$/plant in rockwool culture and 29.06$\ell$/plant in perlite culture. Therefore total water consumption of soil culture showed higher than soilless culture.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.515-516
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• 2006

This experiment was carried out to find out proper culture soil for the flowerpot cultivation of Sedum kamtschaticum. Peatmoss was used for the culture soil. pH of the culture soils were adjusted to 4.5, 5.0, 5.5 and 6.0 using calcium hydroxide. Young plants of Sedum kamtschaticum were planted in the pots of 10cm in diameter. The experiment was conducted by the completely randomized design with 3 replications. Growth characteristics were investigated at intervals of 30 days after planting. As the pH of culture soil is lower, growth of Sedum kamtschaticum showed longer plant height and more number of leaves and branches. pH 4.5 to 5.0 appeared to be optimum range as soil reaction of Sedum kamtschaticum cultivation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.09a
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• pp.133-137
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• 2004

Tetrachloroethylene(PCE) dechlorination was investigated in an anaerobic enrichment culture from landfill soil. Anaerobic PCE dechlorinating microorganisms could convert 150mg/L of PCE via trichloroethylene(TCE) to cir-1,2-dichloroethylene(CDCE) within 2 days at the optimum temperature of 30 to 35$^{\circ}C$. The enrichment culture could dechlorinate TCE but did not degrade other chlorinated aliphatic compounds, such as cDCE, trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloro- ethane, and 1,1,1-trichloroethane during 5 days incubation. Several isolates from the enrichment culture did not show dechlorinating activity of PCE. Microbial analysis of the dechlorinating enrichment culture by using Polymerase chain reaction-Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) method showed that at least three microorganisms were related to the anaerobic PCE dechlorination in the enrichment