• 아동학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.145-166
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• 2015

The main purpose of this study was to examine the direct and indirect effects of maternal meta-emotion on preschoolers' emotional intelligence through mothers' emotion socialization. A total of 252 preschool-aged children and their mothers residing in the Seoul Metropolitan and Gyeonggi-do areas participated in this study. The mothers completed questionnaires regarding their meta-emotion, emotion socialization and preschoolers' emotional intelligence. The results of the study indicated that maternal meta-emotion did not have a direct effect on preschoolers' emotional intelligence. However, maternal meta-emotion did indeed have an indirect effect on preschoolers' emotional intelligence through emotion socialization styles. That is, mothers who had desirable beliefs about emotions provided supportive reactions to children's negative emotion expression and showed positive emotions more frequently in the family. In addition, the preschoolers of mothers who showed positive emotion socialization styles were reported to be more emotionally intelligent. The findings of this study suggest that maternal meta-emotion and emotion socialization are important in predicting preschoolers' emotional intelligence.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2016

This study investigated whether Korean mothers' emotion socialization beliefs are related to emotional functioning in children differing across gender. We interviewed Korean mothers (N = 100) of first graders (55 boys; 45 girls) about their sensitivity, their reactions to children's distress, and children's emotion regulation. Two components of emotion regulation were distinguished: regulation and negativity. Results revealed that mothers' proactive sensitivity and their supportive reactions were related to their children's regulation, whereas unsupportive reactions were related to children's negativity. Child gender moderated the associations between mothers' socialization beliefs and children's emotion regulation: mothers' proactive sensitivity was more strongly associated with competent regulation in girls than in boys. Mothers' unsupportive reactions were related to increased negativity only in girls. Results are discussed from a cultural perspective, focusing on gender differences in the links between maternal socialization and children's emotional outcomes in Korea.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2015

Reintegration after military deployment is a significant family stressor. Guided by Eisenberg's heuristic model of socialization of emotions, the present study examined the relationships between parental emotion socialization, children's emotionality and children's internalizing symptoms using a military sample. It was also investigated whether gender of parents and children impacted parental emotion socialization. Questionnaires were gathered from 248 families with a 4-12 year old child (M = 7.78) in which a parent had been deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan. Children's emotionality was positively correlated with children's internalizing symptoms and non-supportive parental emotion socialization. Independent-t-tests and two-way ANOVAs showed that mothers reported more supportive reactions towards children's negative emotions than fathers. Father reports of expressive encouragement were positively associated with child reports of anxiety and depression. Child gender did not influence how parents responded to negative emotions. Implications and future directions were discussed.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1141-1154
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• 2014

The purpose of this study examined the moderating effect of maternal emotion-related socialization behaviors on the relations between preschooler's effortful control and prosocial behavior. In this study, subjects were 153 preschoolers and their mothers. The major results were as follows; there was a moderating effect of maternal emotion-related socialization behaviors on the relationship between preschooler's effortful control and prosocial behavior. Specifically, maternal negative emotion expression and response to the preschooler's positive emotion moderated the effect preschooler's effortful control on prosocial behavior. In conclusion, the impact of effortful control on preschooler's prosocial behavior were significant. Also, maternal emotion-related socialization behaviors(i.e., negative emotion expression and response to the child's positive emotion) affected on preschooler's prosocial behavior. The findings of the study will contribute to help maternal emotional interaction with their preschool aged children.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.39-56
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• 2012

This study aims at exploring Korean mothers' beliefs on the development of emotion of their children. In specific, sensitivity and maternal reactions to their children's both negative and positive emotion expressions were explored. Further, associations among maternal sensitivity, maternal reactions and child emotion regulation were examined. A total of 100 Korean mothers whose children were between 6 and 7 years old participated in the study. In order to assess mothers' beliefs about sensitivity, vignettes in a forced-choice format were presented through individual interviews. Mothers' self reported reactions to their children's negative emotions and positive emotions and mothers' perceptions of children's emotion regulation were assessed using questionnaires. Results revealed that Korean mothers endorsed both proactive and reactive sensitivity. However, their sensitivity differed depending on the situation. Mothers tended to endorse either Emotion Focused or Problem Focused reactions to their children's negative emotions. Mothers reported that they were most likely to restrict their child positive emotional expression with explanation in supportive way followed by invalidating through reprimanding it. Mothers' reported Distress Reactions and Punitive Reactions to children's expression of negative emotion were associated with children's liability whereas Emotion-Focused Reaction and Problem-Focused Reaction were associated with children's functional emotion regulation. The results are discussed within a theoretical framework of socialization of emotions.

• 아동학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.187-199
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• 2007

The relation of parents' emotion socialization to emotionality in their 5-year-old children was studied in 106 mothers and 105 fathers. They reported on their own family-related emotional expressiveness and on their children's negative emotions by questionnaires; mothers rated children on both positive and negative emotionality. Results showed that mothers expressed positive and negative emotions more frequently, and mothers showed more distress, expressive encouragement, and problem-focused reactions to children's negative emotions than fathers. Mothers' emotional expressiveness was related to children's emotionality, whereas only fathers' negative emotional expressiveness was related to children's negative emotionality. Mothers' distress and punitive reactions were associated with children's positive and negative emotionality. Mothers' problem-focused and emotion-focused and fathers' problem-focused reactions were associated with children's positive emotionality.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권10호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2002

This study investigated the relation between preschoolers' emotion understanding and parents' emotion expressiveness and attitude toward children's emotion expressiveness. Subjects were ninety 3- to 5-year old children and their parents. Parents' emotion socialization was measured by PACES developed by Saami(1989) and FEQ developed by Harberstadt(1986). And preschoolers' identification of basic emotional expressions and expression of their own feelings and others' feelings in various situations were measured. Results revealed that 5-year-old children understood emotion better than 3-year-old children, and mother's positive emotion expression influenced children's emotion understanding. The results are consistent with recent research showing that parents emotion socialization may be important for preschoolers' emotion understanding.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.323-335
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the problems and relevant variables for effective Organizational Socialization of new nurses, to produce a causal map, to build up a simulation model and to test its validity. Method: The basic data was collected from Sep. 2002 to July 2003. The Organizational Socialization process of new nurses was analyzed through a model simulation. The VENSIM 5.0b DSS program was used to develop the study model. Result: This Model shows interrelation of these result variables: organizational commitment, job satisfaction, job performance, intention of leaving the work setting, decision making ability, and general results of Organizational Socialization. The model's factors are characteristic of organization and individual values, task-related knowledge and skills, and emotion and communication that affects new nurses' socialization process. These elements go through processes of anticipatory socialization, encounter, change and acquisition. The Model was devised to induce effective Organizational Socialization results within 24 months of its implementation. The basic model is the most efficient and will also contribute to the development of knowledge in the body of nursing. Conclusion: This study will provide proper direction for new Nurse's Organizational Socialization. Therefore, developing an Organizational Socialization Process Model is meaningful in a sense that it could provide a framework that could create effective Organizational Socialization for new nurses.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2009년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.44.1-44.1
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• 2009

인간의 근원적인 관심사로서의 socialization은 온라인에서 처음으로 capitalizing되어 social network service로 진화되었으며 최근, 확장된 넷트웍 환경에서 모바일 과 CE기기로 연계를 통해 그 영역을 확장해 가며 일반인들의 생활이 되어가고 잇음.이러한 트랜드는 제조사, 서비스사, 사업자들간의 경계를 허물고 사용자가 직접 생성한 컨텐츠를 기록 하고 공유할 수 있도록 하는 고객의 중심의 needs를 지원하는 하드웨어+소프트웨어+컨텐츠의 컨버전스로 진화를 요구하고 있음. 본 발표에서는 sns 정의와 사용자 seg, needs 파악을 통해 다양한 기업의 SNS 대응 현황과 향후 이슈가 될 트랜드를 살펴보고자 함.

• 아동학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.57-67
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• 2016

Objective: This study examined the relations between maternal meta-emotion philosophy, child interpersonal problem solving, and peer competence among children aged 4-5 and their mothers and teachers. Methods: A total of 54 children from 24 kindergartens were assessed on their interpersonal problem solving and peer competence. Their mothers reported on meta-emotion philosophy. Their teachers were assessed on child peer competence. Results: The major findings of this study were as follows. First, maternal meta-emotion philosophy, child interpersonal problem solving, and child peer competence showed positive correlation patterns. Second, child interpersonal problem solving and peer competence was found to be influenced by maternal child-directed meta-emotion philosophy but not by maternal self-directed meta-emotion philosophy. Conclusion: Findings highlight the importance of maternal meta-emotion philosophy and that their emotion socialization play a significant role in identifying the mechanisms leading to child social cognitive ability and social adjustment. Furthermore, these results could lead to important basic studies in developing parent/teacher education programs.