• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.175-208
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• 2018

The purpose of this article is to evaluate Korea's income-led growth policy that is still in dispute. To do this, I discussed the content, background and implications of the income-led growth theory. Next, I discussed the role of income-led growth as a growth strategy in the Korean economy. The income-led growth theory comes from the Keynesian tradition which emphasizes the role of demand in the economic growth. The basic idea emerged nearly 80 years ago, and the current model emerged about 30 years ago. Some of the Korean researchers began to pay attention to this issue when ILO researchers discussed it in 2010. The recent emphasis on income-led growth theory was due to the tendency of declining labor income, thus forming a consensus that increasing inequality can hamper growth. The effectiveness of the income-led growth strategy, which can lead to economic growth by increasing the share of labor income, is theoretically and empirically controversial. However, it is understandable why income-led growth strategies have emerged. Income-led growth is not a short-term strategy nor a key of growth strategy. However, in current socio economic structures, the prescriptions of income-led growth theory is meaningful in that it enables sustainable growth by making the economic system healthy. In addition, unlike the West, the government's welfare expenditure can play a significant role as part of the income-led growth prescriptions in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.60-76
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop a systematic and standardized "The Survey on School Foodservice Program" that can identify the current status of school meals on the nationwide level. Methods: This study was carried out in six steps of the analysis of report/investigation data related to school foodservice in metropolitan and provincial offices of education, analysis of preceding research related to the actual status of school foodservice, field verification of the actual condition of the school foodservice site, development of a draft of "The Survey on School Foodservice Program", pilot study of a draft of "The Survey on School Foodservice Program", and suggestions of a final model of "The Survey on School Foodservice Program" from August to December, 2017. Statistical analysis was performed for frequency analysis and descriptive analysis using the SPSS program ver. 23. Results: A draft of "The Survey on School Foodservice Program" was developed by analyzing the current status of report/research data on school meals in metropolitan and provincial offices of education, analyzing the preceding research on school meals, and identifying the actual conditions at school foodservice sites. To verify the validity of the school foodservice survey questionnaire, 1,031 schools were sampled from a total of 10,251 schools and the pilot test of '2017 School Foodservice Survey' was conducted. The final model of "The Survey on School Foodservice Program" consisted of 12 survey sections, 29 survey categories, and 433 survey items, and the survey cycle was set for one year and three years for each survey item. Conclusions: Based on the objective statistical data through "The Survey on School Foodservice Program", it is possible to develop the school foodservice policy, which will help establish the reliability of the school meals.

• 한국노년학
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.291-309
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• 2020

In this study, the behavioral model of Andersen and Newman(1973) was applied to identify the factors influencing the use of senior centers by the elderly in the community, and the mediating effect of user satisfaction was improved to improve the satisfaction of seniors using the Senior Center and operate the Senior Center. This study attempted to suggest policy and practical alternatives for activation. The subjects were 578 elderly people using 2,283 senior centers in Busan. As a result, the factors influencing the total usage period of the Senior Center were analyzed by age and type of potential factors among the leading factors, and the factors affecting the total number of days of senior center usage during the week were gender, age, and education level among the preceding factors. Appeared. Factors affecting user satisfaction as a parameter were analyzed as subjective health status among gender, age, and desire factors among preceding factors. As a result of verification of mediating effect of user satisfaction, there was a partial mediating effect between age and total use of Senior Center, full mediating effect between gender and days of Senior Center use, and partial mediating effect between age and Senior Center use days. Analyzed. According to the purpose and main findings of the study, the policy and practical suggestions for activating the satisfaction and use of Senior Center are as follows. First, program development and support according to the characteristics of senior center users are required. Second, there is a need to characterize per-path according to senior center type and regional environment. Third, there is a need to improve and raise the support standards for senior center operating expenses.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.450-456
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• 2023

Background: This study aims to develop a "Predictive Model for the Possibility of Collection Delinquent Health Insurance Contributions" for the National Health Insurance Service to enhance administrative efficiency in protecting and collecting contributions from livelihood-type defaulters. Additionally, it aims to establish customized collection management strategies based on individuals' ability to pay health insurance contributions. Methods: Firstly, to develop the "Predictive Model for the Possibility of Collection Delinquent Health Insurance Contributions," a series of processes including (1) analysis of defaulter characteristics, (2) model estimation and performance evaluation, and (3) model derivation will be conducted. Secondly, using the predictions from the model, individuals will be categorized into four types based on their payment ability and livelihood status, and collection strategies will be provided for each type. Results: Firstly, the regression equation of the prediction model is as follows: phat = exp (0.4729 + 0.0392 × gender + 0.00894 × age + 0.000563 × total income - 0.2849 × low-income type enrollee - 0.2271 × delinquency frequency + 0.9714 × delinquency action + 0.0851 × reduction) / [1 + exp (0.4729 + 0.0392 × gender + 0.00894 × age + 0.000563 × total income - 0.2849 × low-income type enrollee - 0.2271 × delinquency frequency + 0.9714 × delinquency action + 0.0851 × reduction)]. The prediction performance is an accuracy of 86.0%, sensitivity of 87.0%, and specificity of 84.8%. Secondly, individuals were categorized into four types based on livelihood status and payment ability. Particularly, the "support needed group," which comprises those with low payment ability and low-income type enrollee, suggests enhancing contribution relief and support policies. On the other hand, the "high-risk group," which comprises those without livelihood type and low payment ability, suggests implementing stricter default handling to improve collection rates. Conclusion: Upon examining the regression equation of the prediction model, it is evident that individuals with lower income levels and a history of past defaults have a lower probability of payment. This implies that defaults occur among those without the ability to bear the burden of health insurance contributions, leading to long-term defaults. Social insurance operates on the principles of mandatory participation and burden based on the ability to pay. Therefore, it is necessary to develop policies that consider individuals' ability to pay, such as transitioning livelihood-type defaulters to medical assistance or reducing insurance contribution burdens.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.33-41
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• 2014

This study conducted a survey 212 adolescents in multi-cultural family to measure the level of their discrimination experience and acculturation stress by comparing with social integration analysis frame of D. Heater and examined how it affects them to national identity. Followings are the main results of this study. First, after measuring the discrimination experience level of those surveyed, their average was a bit higher than the normal level, showing 2.63(SD=.72), and their acculturation stress was 2.48(SD=.65) which is average. Second, their level of national identity showed 2.16(SD=.57), which was lower than the normal level, and there was statistically a meaningful difference between the groups depending on their academic level, parents' marital status, mother's Korean ability. Third, the factors that affected in national identity were in the order of their discrimination experience(${\beta}$=-.305), parents' marital status(${\beta}$=.286), acculturation stress(${\beta}$=-.225), academic level(${\beta}$=.186), mother's Korean ability(${\beta}$=.173). Based on these results, several ways are suggested to improve national identity of adolescents in multi-cultural family.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.43-53
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• 2018

Recently, public service for the improvement of quality of life and life support such as safety, aging, disaster, welfare, housing, economy, urban environment, traffic etc are actively developed based on open public data, and the spread of the network and the necessity of everyday life, smartphones are playing a role in providing public services. Currently, the development of science is changing the life expectancy of human beings and changing into social structure in which aged people become bigger due to various social conditions and low fertility and aging problems. However, the elderly who do not have easy access to information are very uncomfortable in dealing with mobile devices with very low accessibility and utilization of public services provided by mobile phones. Therefore, this study recategorizes the condition of the elderly presented in the previous study and identifies the problem through case analysis provided for the elderly. Also, we summarize the hierarchy of the core items of the existing interface design and derive it as an improvement index of the public service design for the improvement of the information accessibility of the elderly, and propose a design method to improve the utilization of the public service provided through the mobile device.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.163-192
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• 1997

As the population over the age of 65 increases, the demand for nurses who care for this group also continues to grow. Well-prepared nurses who are knowledgeable and skilled for the elderly can be prepared through systematic gerontological nursing curricula. This study was carried out to identify the needs for gerontological nursing curricular contents. The subjects for this study were two participant groups the educators who teach gerontological nursing in three-year and four-year baccalaureate nursing programs, and the nurses who are working with the elderly in hospitals, community health centers, social welfare agencies, and community health practioner's posts. The major findings of the study are as follows : 1. The differences between actual contents and essential contents of the educators : Concerning the actual contents that is actually taught, the educators showed the highest scores on the demographics of older adults and the lowest scores on the cultural variations affecting health care. Regarding the essential contents, the educators showed the highest scores on the demographics and the lowest scores on the economics of aging. Aside from the demographics, all of the items were found to have significant differences between essential and actual contents. This implies that all the content areas except demographics should be emphasized. 2. The differences between actual knowledge and essential knowledge of the nurses : Concerning the nurses' actual knowledge, the nurses showed the highest scores on the common health problems and their treatment and the lowest scores on the politics of aging. Regarding the essential knowledge, nurses showed the highest scores on the chronic illness and common health problems and the lowest scores on their roles and functions. However, they thought all the items to be essential. All of the items were found to have significant differences between actual and essential knowledge. The nurses who studied gerontological nursing in their school years and after graduating had more knowledge. However, they felt more knowledge was needed. This implies that the nurses need more education in all content areas of gerontological nursing. 3. The differences between educators and nurses : Concerning the essential contents, the educators showed higher scores on the demographics and growth and development than the nurses. Whereas, the nurses showed higher scores on the cultural variations, long-term care, economics of aging, politics of aging, legal and ethical issues, and common health problems than the educators. 4. Activities of nursing care for the elderly : Most common activities were related to direct nursing care such as giving physical care, counseling/teaching clients, and assessing and planning care for the clients. Nurses thought that all the items were critical, but they showed relatively low scores on the following :'serve on multidisciplinary committee', 'preparing reports', 'evaluation of outcomes of care', 'determine policy for nursing service', 'set patient care standards', and 'participate in nursing research' The constraints in providing better nursing service were time constraints, administrative restraints, social restraints, and inadequate knowledge.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.8 no.1 s.35
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• pp.47-56
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• 2007

The Build-Transfer-Lease(BTL) system is a new way of attracting private capital to social infrastructure construction projects. Private companies will get back their investment by leasing facilities to the government. In January 2005, government introduces a 'Korean New Deal Policy' to initiate BTL system in the field of social infrastructure development such as education, public welfare, housing, culture etc. As BTL being still in premature phase, thus it is lack of knowledge in BTL and there is no such studies about problems and impacts of BTL projects. However, there could be so many problems underlying within BTL projects. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify various risk factors during implementation of BTL projects. For this purpose, five BTL undertaking projects were studied. Field survey was conducted based-on interview instruments. Prevailing risk factors in operating the BTL Project were collected from the both officials of project promoters and concessionaires. In addition, a distinct need has emerged for analysis of risk factors for BTL projects. Based on real cases, this study resulted in risk factors influencing every phases and grouped risk factors into each phase. Moreover, this study also perform sensitivity analysis in order to know how risk factors affect to BTL projects. From analyzing the data, the study addresses that both major BTL project participants 'the competent authority' and 'Special purpose company(SPC)' have many problems and difficulties to operate the projects.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.319-329
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the link that affects depression, a negative mental health problem for permanent rented apartment tenants, and to provide policy and practical support for reducing depression at the community level. To this end, 1,920 households of permanent rental apartment residents in K Metropolitan City were used in the survey. The results are as follows. First, more than half of the subjects surveyed 51.1% were found to have depressive symptoms. Second, among the demographic variables, the gender, age, single-person households, and social security benefits have a positive effect on depression. On the other hand, age squared and participation in economic activities were identified as factors to reduce depression. Third, among the residential community variables, the consideration for neighbors and their willingness to participate in the community were identified as factors to reduce depression. Fourth, physical health difficulties and mental health difficulties among the health status variables were identified as the determinants of depression. Based on the results of the study, the methods for intervention and follow-up studies to reduce depression in permanent rental apartment residents were discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.517-526
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide convenience to the senior center staff and policy makers through a research of "Life satisfaction" in the senior centers with a systematic review and meta-analysis of the considerations of the elderly, published in foreign journals for the past 10 years. We searched published studies in the Medline Complete, Pub-med central and Scopus databases from January 2007 to November 2017. The main key words used "Elderly AND(And OR aged) AND Personal Satisfaction/ or life satisfaction" and out of 595 searched articles a total of 6 studies were selected. After qualitative analysis of the contents of the study, meta - analyzes were conducted for factors with more than three quantitative values. The factors affecting life satisfaction of the elderly were physical health (pooled effect size 0.582, p = .000), mental health (pooled effect size 0.423, p = .000), economic problems (r = .51, p =. 001), social activities, and daily living. It is expected that this study which provides an understanding of life satisfaction of the elderly would contribute to provide general information for developing social consensus on the employment in the super aging society should help improve the quality of welfare facilities for senior citizens in the future.