• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.240-250
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• 2017

Objectives: Subjective life expectancy (SLE) has been found to show a significant association with mortality. In this study, we aimed to investigate the major factors affecting SLE. We also examined whether any differences existed between SLE and actuarial life expectancy (LE) in Korea. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 1000 individuals in Korea aged 20-59 was conducted. Participants were asked about SLE via a self-reported questionnaire. LE from the National Health Insurance database in Korea was used to evaluate differences between SLE and actuarial LE. Age-adjusted least-squares means, correlations, and regression analyses were used to test the relationship of SLE with four categories of predictors: demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, health behaviors, and psychosocial factors. Results: Among the 1000 participants, women (mean SLE, 83.43 years; 95% confidence interval, 82.41 to 84.46 years; 48% of the total sample) had an expected LE 1.59 years longer than that of men. The socioeconomic factors of household income and housing arrangements were related to SLE. Among the health behaviors, smoking status, alcohol status, and physical activity were associated with SLE. Among the psychosocial factors, stress, self-rated health, and social connectedness were related to SLE. SLE had a positive correlation with actuarial estimates (r=0.61, p<0.001). Gender, household income, history of smoking, and distress were related to the presence of a gap between SLE and actuarial LE. Conclusions: Demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, health behaviors, and psychosocial factors showed significant associations with SLE, in the expected directions. Further studies are needed to determine the reasons for these results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.28-38
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the prevalence of alcohol and cigarette use and assess its relationship with socio-environmental, psychological, violent and behavioral factors among a sample of high school students from Lima and Callao, Peru. Methods: We utilized the data from a cross-sectional study conducted by the Yonsei Global Health Center in collaboration with the Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) Peru office in November 2016. The total sample size of this study was 1,477 students. For analysis, we used bivariate and multivariate logistic regression to calculate the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios and their respective 95% confidence intervals. Results: The current prevalence of alcohol and cigarette use among adolescents was found to be 24.2% and 12.1%, respectively. Alcohol use was affected by age, friends' alcohol use, experience of physical fighting, and involvement in other risk behaviors (smoking, drug use, and sexual intercourse). Cigarette use was affected by perceived academic performance, friends' cigarette use, and involvement in other risk behaviors (drinking, drug use, and sexual intercourse). Furthermore, students who received affection from their parents and whose parents monitored their activities were less likely to report using both alcohol and cigarettes. Conclusion: Alcohol and cigarette use among Lima and Callao adolescents is affected by socio-environmental, violent and behavioral factors. Alcohol and cigarette use prevention initiatives should promote positive parenting practices, family togetherness, and a supportive school climate. In addition, it is needed to establish peer-led programs that promote behavioral changes in students and strengthen social relations without the presence of alcohol, cigarettes, and other harmful substances.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20 no.1 s.69
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• pp.133-142
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• 2007

Unlike face-to-face communication, text-based communication by digital media has limitations that non-verbal elements are eliminated and social presence decrease. To overcome this problem, people try to find solutions which visualize emotion and situation by using emoticons, icons, computer language and so on. As most SMS users experience the failure of using emotions on the mobile phone, they need to make up for this point. In this study, we conducted research on the recent mobile fonts situations and surveyed users' perception on SMS fonts as to suggest solutions of expressing and visualizing emotions on the mobile phone, a representative media of personal communication. As a solution of reducing the failure, we conducted a survey on users' perception about fonts and the capability of the expressing emotions by fonts. The survey found that mobile fonts can be used as a method to express human emotion. As a finding, the shape of the font can be used as a method to visualize the emotion through text messaging. In future studies, such a method can be applied to variety of different personal media with the communication method based on text. Those studies can propose different usage for fonts in communication.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.155-163
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• 2014

This study aimed to identify orientations for the development of the community by establishing desirable aesthetical environments and reorganizing the residents' communal way of life through the implementation of village art projects. To investigate how the implementation of village art projects influence community and communication, the author analyzed changes in walls made by the implementation of actual projects in Anhyeon Village in Gochang, Dongpirang in Tongyeong, and Byeolbyeol Village in Yeongcheon. The community was analyzed from the view points of locality, communal ties, and communication. The results showed that Anhyeon Village in Gochang expressed its locality with chrysanthemum, poems and local figures. Similar walls were built across the village to strengthen ties among the residents, and portraits used as doorplates represented communication among them. Various paintings of seas, flowers, and poems were seen in Dongpirang in Tongyeong, which were thought to be representations of its locality and the friendliness of hometown in the less favoured area. Wall paintings played pivotal roles in this village to impart to the residents essentials that should be kept to eliminate inner walls in their minds and ensure open communications. In Byeolbyeol Village in Yeongcheon, locality was presented with common farm village landscapes in various materials, patterns and formativeness. Village-wide reinforcement contributed to strengthening ties in the community rather than forming boundaries against outside worlds. Cultural and artistic elements structured mental walls that made people not aware of the presence of physical walls.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.181-192
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• 1994

There have been many different theories on the etiology of temporomandibular disorders(TMDs). The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of occlusal fctors and recent life event changes as prediposing fctor on the development of temporomandibjlar disorders. To evaluate the above predisposing factor, the author used T-scan system(Tekscan Co. U.S.A.) for quantitative occlusal analysis, clinical examination for occlusal state and Social Readjustment Rating Scale(SRRS) for recent life event change units (LCU). 63 patients with TMDs and 57 patients with malocclusion presented at Wonkwang University Dental Hospital participated in this study. The subjects were grouped by Angle's classification and presence of absence of TMDs and parafunctional oral habits. Data gained with regard to contact number, contact force, contact time, occlusal state(number of total teeth and occluding teeth, overjet, overbite) and occlusal interferences (protrusive posterior contact, nonworking side interference, and RCP-ICP slide) and recent life event changes. The data were processed and analysed by SAS statistical package program, The results of this study were as follows : 1. There were no significant differences on both quantitative occlusal contact analysis and occlusal state between TMDs group and Angle's malocclusion group. Also, there were no differences among the Angle's classifications. But amount of overjet in TMDs group were more greater than that of malocclusion group. 2. There was no difference on protrusive posterior contact, and balancing contact between TMDs group and Angle's malocclusion group. Premature contact was more frequent in malocclusion group, but RCP-ICP slide was more frequent in TMDs group. And RCP-ICP slide was more freqent in Angle's class II malocclusion than Angle's I or III malocclusion. 3. Life changes units in TMDs group were higher than those in malocclusion group. And recent life change units in group with parafunctional oral habit were higher than those in group without parafunctional oral habits. Clenching was the most common habit among parafunctional oral habits.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.151-165
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• 2004

The purpose of the study was to explore the potential of the Cluster Analysis and the Community Analysis of Social Network Analyses family in job-task analysis for curriculum design. These two multivariate analysis techniques were expected to bring us relevant and scientific information as well as inspiration in investigating the structure and nature of job system, which are critical in developing relevant curriculum. To pursue the purpose mentioned above, qualitative and quantitative data were collected from "S" Corporate, a major large high-tech manufacturing company, and analyzed by relevant analytic procedures. Results indicate that there are discrepancies between formal job structures and actual ones. Following Community analysis showed that the presence of center-marginal structure along with clustering structure in the current job formation. Interpretations of the results of the study are provided in light of past research and additional data collected from the study. Implications of the study are also discussed along with suggestions for future research.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.525-532
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• 2017

Recently, there shows a trend in Korea that the rate of the population entering into aging is the most rapidly increasing among the OECD countries. Consequently, This study, therefore, aims at analyzing the forms of portfolio establishment by group, the factors affecting the old age preparation, and the presence of middle-aged households' preparation for the old ages in order to forestall social problems like the poverty ration of elderly that have been caused by the rapidly aging society. The result shows that the portfolio for the old age preparation can be expanded if a combination product of finance and real estate is developed as a means of old age preparation. Upon the results of the study above, it can be seen that the old age preparations differ according to not only the demographic elements, but also the extent to how much resources one holds. Especially, the various factors affecting the holding resources vary householder by household depending on whether they prepare for the old ages or not.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.472-485
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• 2014

This study focuses on the news making system of the prime time news of PSB in Korean society, where the presence of ethnic minorities is increasing rapidly. Although the World Wide Web has become one of the most attractive media over the last decade, Korean PSB, Korean Broadcasting System (KBS), still remains the most popular and influential medium. Therefore, the process of analyzing news making system of ethnic minorities in Korean society represented in Korean PSB as a social construction is meaningful in that it provides an important key to understand the cultural and political background and characteristics of society. For this purpose, the article tries to understand news making process when producing news related to ethnic minorities in the Korean society such as migrant workers, married migrant women and mixed-heritage children of multicultural families by interview with ten reporters in KBS. As a result, most KBS reporters had stereotypes towards multiculturalism and migrants and news reports relating to ethnic minorities are usually produced routinely, using a set of rules that have become part of KBS culture.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the source, length, number of views, and content of the most widely viewed Zika virus (ZIKV)-related YouTube videos. We hypothesized that ZIKV-related videos uploaded by different sources contained different content. Methods: The 100 most viewed English ZIKV-related videos were manually coded and analyzed statistically. Results: Among the 100 videos, there were 43 consumer-generated videos, 38 Internet-based news videos, 15 TV-based news videos, and 4 professional videos. Internet news sources captured over two-thirds of the total of 8 894 505 views. Compared with consumer-generated videos, Internet-based news videos were more likely to mention the impact of ZIKV on babies (odds ratio [OR], 6.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.64 to 23.76), the number of cases in Latin America (OR, 5.63; 95% CI, 1.47 to 21.52); and ZIKV in Africa (OR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.04 to 6.31). Compared with consumer-generated videos, TV-based news videos were more likely to express anxiety or fear of catching ZIKV (OR, 6.67; 95% CI, 1.36 to 32.70); to highlight fear of ZIKV among members of the public (OR, 7.45; 95% CI, 1.20 to 46.16); and to discuss avoiding pregnancy (OR, 3.88; 95% CI, 1.13 to 13.25). Conclusions: Public health agencies should establish a larger presence on YouTube to reach more people with evidence-based information about ZIKV.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the factors influencing attitude toward one's own aging among Korean middle-aged adults and the elderly. Methods: A cross sectional study was performed with a total sample of 70 middle-aged adults and 64 elderly reside in two metropolitan areas. Data were collected from August 2015 to November 2015 using the Perceived Health Status Scale, the Health Locus of Control Scale and the Attitude Toward own Aging (ATOA) Scale. The statistics used include percentage, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. Results: Mean age for each age group were about 52 and 76 years old for middle-aged adults and the elderly respectively. A considerable proportion of all participants reported a negative attitude toward aging. Perceived health status was the common factor influencing attitude toward one's own aging in both age groups. Middle-aged adults identified presence of chronic illness and internal health locus of control as important factors. In contrast, the elderly reported that education and others-dependent health locus of control such as powerful others had a significant impact on ATOA. Each regression model explained 31% and 55% of the total variance of ATOA among middle-aged adults and among the elderly. Conclusion: Both middle-aged adults and the elderly with low perceived health status are at risk of negative ATOA's. The type health locus of control need to be identified and utilized based on individuals' tendency to improve positive ATOA. That is, middle-aged adults might need reinforcement of their self-will whereas the elderly might need enhancement of social support and network of family and healthcare providers.