• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.111-124
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• 2008

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to suggest effective methods for not only preventing college students from being exposed to smoking but also helping them stop smoking, by examining and analysing a variety of factors related to their smoking behavior. Methods: To accomplish the purpose, this study was carried out using 1,553 valid questionnaires selected from 1,584 questionnaires completed and returned by 1,800 randomly chosen students of 2 colleges and 3 universities in Gyeongsangbuk-do Province and Daegu City during the period of April 3 through April 21, 2006. Results: It was turned out that while the total smoking rate of whole students was 52.4% in male students and 9.1% in female students, the smoking rate after their admission to the college was 27.1% in males and 1.5% in females. It was also shown that both the perceived susceptibility and barrier factors of Health Belief Model were statistically significant, and that the perceived seriousness factors were entirely significant in all other variables except the body seriousness. The perceived benefit factors were significant in only the variable that there would not be any improvement in academic performance even after stopping smoking. A relation between smoking and stop smoking program or smoking prevention program showed that the non-smoking rate was significantly high among the college students who participated in such programs while in middle school. When variables having a significant effect on smoking students after their admission were analysed, it was shown that the smoking rate was higher among males than females students, and that the more the number of smoking friends is and the more the number of students thinking that stop smoking would make it difficult to release stress and make friends is, the higher the smoking rate is among students. It is required, therefore, to encourage students to continuously participate in more smoking prevention programs from middle school, and to put an emphasis on a variety of smoking-related illnesses and advantages from non-smoking. Conclusions: Since the current smoking rate among college students is relatively high but most of the smoking students surveyed are ready to actually try to stop smoking, it will be possible to significantly reduce the smoking rate among college students if proper methods are suggested to eliminate barrier factors they face while participating in the stop smoking programs.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.185-197
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• 1999

For the past 10 years, the number of male smokers has dwindled. On the other hand, the number of female smokers has increased abruptly. Cigarette smoking is more hazardous to a woman than to a man because it can affect her health and her fetus during pregnancy. Many studies show that cigarette smoking is one of the most important risk factors determining the mortality and the morbidity of various kinds of diseases such as lung cancer and pharyngeal cancer. But, it is also known to be one of the risk factors we can handle and prevent easily. The subjects of this study consisted of 263 female nursing students in Seoul and Chonbuk Province. Using questionnaires, we were collected data from December 1 to December 10 1998. The questionnaire included 24 questions related to environmental factors and 14 questions related with self-efficacy. The statistical analysis was done with SPSS ver. 8.0(SPSS Inc. U.S.). The results of this study are as follows. 1) Cigarette smoking in women was influenced by her family or friends. That is to say, the higher number of her friends or family members who smoked cigarettes, the more likely a woman was to become a smoker. Economic status and knowledge level about the risks of cigarette smoking were also related to women smoking. So, women with lower levels of economic status and less knowledge about the risks of cigarette smoking were the more likely to become smokers. 2) Woman with higher levels of self-efficacy were less likely to become smokers. 3) The factors influencing a woman's smoking were whether her friends smoked, whether her mother smoked and her self-efficacy in that order. Environmental factors, self-efficacy were found to be important factors influencing smoking in women. It is suggested a quit-smoking program for women college students, be based on consideration of these environmental factors and self-efficacy.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.28-44
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to examine the associated risk factors for adolescent cigarette smoking. In February 1995, a total of 1793 students from 17 general high schools in Seoul were assessed with a self-completing questionnaire pertaining current smoking status and school.family.peer environmental factors. The results are as follows; 1. The overall proportion of current smoker among students in the study was 17.3%; 27.7% in males and 6.6% in females. 2. There was significant association between smoking status and all school environmental factors (ranks at school, satisfaction at school, study hours after school, extracurricular activity) examined. 3. Siblings smoking in males and family structure in females were significantly associated with the smoking status of students. 4. Functional aspect of family environmental factors, such as APGAR score, parental supervision, attachment to father or to mother were related to smoking status of students. 5. Association with friends who smoke was significantly associated with smoking status of students. 6. In males, association with friends who smoke, ranks at school, siblings smoking were significant positive predictors and APGAR score, parental supervision, attchment to mother were significant negative predictors. In females, association with friends whosmoke, ranks at school, satisfaction at school were significant positive predictors and parental supervision, attchment to father were significant negative predictors. These findings suggest that strategies that influence smoking behavior need to be directed not only to the individual student but also to their peer group, family and school environment.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.178-190
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• 2017

Purpose: The present study was designed to examine the impact of socioeconomic, health-related, and health behavioral factors on Korean people's intention to quit smoking. Methods: The subjects were 851 men and 145 women, aged 19 or more who had participated in the 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The intention to quit smoking was categorized as "within 6 months," "after 6 months," or "no intention". The associations of the intention to quit smoking with sociodemographic, health related, and health behavioral factors were examined in a logistic regression. Results: In male smokers, the number of diseases, perceived somatotype, vigorous intensity leisure activity, aerobic physical activity, and smoking intensity had a significant influence on the intention to quit smoking. In female somkers, the economic status, number of diseases, walking activity, and moderate intensity leisure activity were significantly influential on the intention to quit smoking. Conclusion: To increase male smokers' intention to quit smoking, it should be emphasized that smoking is harmful to. Moreover, special attention should be paid to low-educated female smokers to increase their intention to quit smoking.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2006

Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the factors related to the perceived peer smoking prevalence for adolescents. Methods: A self-administrated questionnaire was administered to 352 students in a technical high school in Kangwon Province in May, 2002. The questions included in the questionnaire were concerned with the estimated number of smokers among ten students of the same grade in their school, the sociodemographic characteristics, the smoking-related behaviors and attitudes, and the smoking-related environments. All the students had their expiratory carbon monoxide level measured with EC50 Micro-Smokerlyzer? to verify their smoking status. Multiple regression analysis was applied for data analysis using Windows SPSS 11.5. Results: The former and current smokers overestimated the peer smoking prevalence. Multiple regression analysis for estimating the peer smoking prevalence for the male showed that the perceived smoking prevalence was higher in the female students than in the male students, higher in those students whose mothers had a higher educational level, who had smoked more frequently, who had more best friends smoking, and who had a higher actual smoking rate of the class. For estimating the peer smoking prevalence for the female, the perceived smoking prevalence was higher in the female students than in the male students, higher in those who smoked more frequently, whose five best friends smoked, who had higher actual smoking rate of the class, and who had smoking siblings. Conclusions: This study showed that a higher perceived peer smoking rate is related with their own smoking history and smoking frequency, the smoking related environment, and gender. Smoking prevention and smoking cessation programs need to focus on correcting the falsely perceived smoking prevalence.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 2017

Objective: Seoul City has implemented the Safe Pharmacy in 2013. This study aimed to ascertain the success factors of the smoking cessation service of the Safe Pharmacy. Methods: The data for the smoking cessation registration cards were obtained from the pharmacies which participated in 2014 Safe Pharmacy. The sample included 289 smokers in 6 districts who participated at least one sessions of smoking cessation service. the service included both behavioral intervention and nicotine replacement therapy. In order to identify the effectiveness of the smoking cessation service, logistic regression analysis was used. The dependent variable was the success of quitting smoking at the 4th week. The independent variables included age, sex, employment, chronic disease, district, smoking amount, registration path, supporters for quitting smoking and number of service sessions. Results: Fifty eight point eight percent of the sample successfully quit smoking at the 4th week. Unemployment, higher smoking amount, and less service sessions were negatively related to the success of quitting smoking. There were differences in the success rate across districts. Age, sex, chronic disease, registration path, and anti-smoking supporters were not related to the success rate. Conclusion: Pharmacy can be an effective community resource for smoking cessation. Factors that could increase the effectiveness of smoking cessation service of the Safe Pharmacy and possible ways to enhance the participation of pharmacies in smoking cessation services were also discussed.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.253-262
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate the predictive factors of smoking cessation intention of smoking adolescents at H. district in Chungchungnam-do. Method: A convenience sample was recruited from a public health center at H. district in Chungchungnam-do. A total of 100 smoking adolescents were enrolled in this study. A self-report survey method was used to identify the predictive factors related to smoking cessation. Result: A forward stepwise logistic regression analysis identified four factors associated with smoking cessation intention of smoking adolescents: accompanied friends during the smoking cessation program (OR=20.14), preparation for smoking cessation (OR=5.12), smoking cessation knowledge after the smoking cessation program (OR=1.41), and the number of cigarettes (OR=0.15). Conclusion: Based on this study results, the effective programs in reducing adolescent smoking rates should include components to accompany peers, increase the knowledge of smoking impact, and the benefit of smoking cessation.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.125-138
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was attempted to find out female smoking behavior and the smoking related factors. Method: Study subjects were 226 female smokers who have visited temporary clinic or smoking cessation clinic run by 10 public health centers in Incheon. The data were collected through the questionnaire specially designed for this study from April 1 to June 30, 2008. The data were analyzed by the SPSS 12.0 program. Result: 68.0% of feale smokers have smoked habitually. The average daily smoking amount of the subjects was $12.0{\pm}8.7$ ea, average rate of nicotine dependence was $4.2{\pm}2.2$ points, the mean smoking duration was $12.7{\pm}9.3$ years, and the smoking start age was $23.1{\pm}8.5$ year old. The smoking behavior by the drinking frequency showed significant difference in average daily smoking amount and rate of nicotine dependence(p<.05). Also the smoking behavior by exercise showed significant difference in current smoking frequency(p<.05). There was positive relation between female smoking behavior and monthly income, frequency of drinking, exercise, and stress respectively(p<.05, p<.01). Conclusion: Compared to a male smoker, the average daily smoking amount of a female smoker was less and the duration of smoking was longer. This study suggests that not only a social movement about a female smoking cessation is imperative but also smoking cessation programs should be combined with reduced drinking consumption, exercise and stress relief programs. Moreover, early intervention for preventing teenager smoking should be added to smoking cessation programs.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.365-376
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the patterns of smoking relapse and to identify risk factors related to smoking relapse among those successful in smoking cessation at the smoking cessation clinics of public health centers. Methods: Data were collected from 1,705 six-month quitters and analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazard model. Results: The rate of smoking relapse was 38.2% in 1 year, 44.4% in 2 years, and 47.8% in 5 years. The vast majority of relapse (62.3%) occurred within the first six months after quitting. The risk factors related to smoking relapse were age (HR 1.964: 95% CI 1.545, to 2.497), nicotine dependence (HR 1.293: 95% CI 1.087 to 1.539), problem drinking (HR 1.497: 95% CI 1.116 to 2.008), behavioral therapy type (HR 1.398: 95% CI 1.193 to 1.638), and nicotine replacement therapy type (HR 1.363: 95% CI 1.077 to 1.724). Conclusion: For reducing smoking relapse, it is necessary to develop a smoking relapse prevention program for the first six months after quitting and to strengthen behavioral therapy in the course of smoking cessations clinics.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.154-163
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the current situation of Korean adolescents' sexual experience and its characteristics by school level, gender, and related factors to their sexual experience. This could be the basic evidence for the development of various sex education programs for the youth. Methods: This study used the 11th online survey data on youth health behavior (2015) and all 68,043 students who participated in the study were included for the analysis. The binominal logistic regression model was used to identify the characteristics and relevant factors of sexual intercourse experience. Analysis was performed by complex sample design using SPSS/WIN 18.0. The statistical significance was defined as p<.05 with a two-sided test. Results: The factors related to sexual experience of adolescents included grade, sadness and hopelessness, smoking, Internet addiction, and sex education in school, for middle school boys. For middle school girls, grade, residence area, sadness and hopelessness, smoking, drinking, and sex education in school were related. For high school boys, the factors were grade, living with parents, economic situation, sadness and hopelessness, smoking, drinking, and Internet addiction. For high school girls, grade, sadness and hopelessness, smoking, and drinking were found to be related factors. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that a practical program considering adolescents' level and characteristics should be developed and applied.