• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.327-335
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• 2007

As the digital environment gets ubiquitous, domestic and international research and development on smart clothing is being conducted actively these days. However, most research is being carried out with its center on upper garment. So research on lower garment is insufficient even though it affects wearer's activity and comfort to a great extent when digital devices are attached or wearers moves their body. Therefore, the type of clothes this research proposes is men's formal pants which have an electrically-vibrating wearable device. These are smart pants which are helpful in easing muscle pain with their massaging effect in daily life. For this purpose, this research intends to develop patterns considering the body shapes and movements of wearers and suggest a tentative structure plan for smart pants where a vibration device is attached, which is mainly composed of vibrating motor, controller, and switch, and considered their bulks, numbers, attaching places.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.121-129
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• 2009

Nowadays, global interest is being placed on research and development of smart clothing which is expected to create a high added-value industry in the future. The purpose of this research is to develop smart pants with vibrating massage functions that have excellent outer appearances and provide comfort to wearers and assess outer appearance, comfort, and massaging effects of smart pants. As the results of this research, smart pants where vibrating devices which are mainly composed of vibrating motor, controller, and switch are attached were completed. Vibrating motors were fixed on a thin and light non-woven fabric material, covered with a mesh material, and attached by snaps to the experiment pants. Switch was attached to the inside of a pocket, and batteries were positioned inside of pockets. Ten subjects marked their satisfaction of wearing smart pants on a 5-point scale. Noticeable changes in outer appearance when vibrating motors operate turned out to be low. Wearer's comfort in back waist and front thigh parts where vibrating motors were attached turned out to be high-satisfied. Massaging effects of smart pants turned out to be high. Attaching and detaching vibrating devices turned out to be convenient. Lining materials used for smart paints were effective in blocking electromagnetic waves generated from vibrating devices.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.89-100
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• 2017

Since smart devices are able to efficiently provide information without barriers of time and location, they are widely utilized with advent of the hyper-connected society. Especially, the smart devices have been developed in the form of wearable devices for mutual interaction between human and objects. Smart clothing, which embeds smart devices within clothes, measures and obtains a variety of bio-signals as it is in close contact with the human bodies. Conventional smart clothing generated wearers' discomfort because they were developed by simple attachment of electronic devices to clothes. Therefore, it is highly recommended to develop novel smart clothing based on smart textiles which integrate electronic devices as parts of textiles. As smart watches are currently the most available wearable devices in the market, smart watch users were selected in this study, for the purpose of investigating core needs of wearable smart device users based on the user experience and user's sensibility. Qualitative research was performed through semi-structured interview in order to obtain detailed answers about user sensibility based on smart watch user experience. After the in-depth interview, the user's sensibility was categorized into four aspects; functional, aesthetic, social, and empirical. Sensibility adjectives and key words were assigned to each aspect and their frequency was analyzed. It was the functional aspect of sensibility that the wearable device users require the most. The results of this study will be utilized as a fundamental data to develop the smart textiles required for the next generation of smart clothing which is attracting as a future wearable device.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.860-868
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• 2021

Clothing has a very important role in human life, and it is the most human-friendly platform because humans wear it in almost all the time. In the recent years, smart clothing integrated with various functions is solidifying its position as the core of next-generation Information and Communications Technology(ICT). With this global trend, the smart textiles, textiles embedded with electronic devices that are capable of performing various functions, have been attracting a lot of attention. Therefore, various research activities on the smart textiles are in progress, and the global market outlook for the smart textiles is also showing rapid growth. Among the various smart textile technologies, the textile/fiber-based wearable display has been attracting more attention because it is an essential element for wearers to intuitively control the functions integrated in the smart textiles. This paper provides insightful information and the technological elements of organic light emitting diodes(OLEDs) display, which have been evaluated as the most ideal device for luminescent clothing. Since, OLEDs have many advantages such as light weight, extremely thin thickness and great flexibility, the textile/fiber-based wearable OLEDs can be worn without any inconvenience. In addition, by introducing previous studies on the textile/fiber-based OLED displays, we intend to consider the commercial potential of the textile/fiber-based smart luminescent clothing using the OLED technologies.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.130-139
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• 2006

This study was conducted to survey and analyze the preference, and acceptance of smart clothing to the consumers with different age. A questionnaire with the objects of 530 consumers from the teens to the forties, in order to utilize the characteristics of consumers as basic materials for the planning of smart clothing, which is reasonably designed to have both of function and fashion, by checking the characteristics of consumers. The results are as follows; 1. The interest degree of fashion was the highest in the 20's and the acceptance degree showed the medial frequency in all age groups. In terms of the analysis result regarding general persons and professionals, professionals showed higher frequency distribution in both interest degree and acceptance degree than general persons. 2. When a comparison for each age, general person, and professional was made, more than the majority of all could not recognize the terms and concept about the smart clothing, but in terms of the favorable impression, more than the majority answered that it interests them. 3. More than the majority of the objects of this survey responded that they have a purchase intention and in terms of the desired purchase price, the price below 500,000 won showed the most frequency. In terms of the reason of wearing the smart clothing, they responded that they can select needed functions, and in terms of an occurring problem, they answered that it is the high cost of economic burdens.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1037-1047
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• 2006

In this paper, various structures of the healthcare smart clothing for real-time measurement of vital sign were suggested. The wearing efficiency was evaluated to find out the best ergonomic clothing in the suggested design. The supplementary effects of the clothing components (princess line, double fabric, cushion) on the stable and tight positioning of sensors to the body were evaluated with wear test. Five experimental clothing for male subject were made with closely-fitted shape and they included two representative structure: one was the integrated type of inner and outer garments and the other was the separated type with two garments. Eight subjects in their twenties were participated in the wear test to evaluate the wearing efficiency of experimental clothing. As results, the clothing structure of the separated garments with the inner and the outer shells were evaluated as more efficient and comfortable. However, the effects of clothing components on the light positioning of the sensors to the body surface were not differentiated each other in the subjective evaluation.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.393-402
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• 2009

The objectives of this study is to search for systematic modular design methods for smart photonic sports clothing based on light emitting optical fiber technology related to smart photonic clothing, and to present a variety of modular design models based on optical fiber and light emitting module assembly technology, both of which stand on the basis of body measurements. To achieve the objectives, this paper firstly reviewed the concept of smart photonic clothing and related technologies, and an examination of the concepts of modularization and its designs, as well as examples of modularization used in various fields. To decide the size and attachment point of optical fiber and light emitting modules, the study considered the close connection between modularization and body measurements. Along with body measurements, to derive the most suitable region to attach the optical fiber and light emitting modules, appropriate attachment locations for computing devices and regions which are marginally affected by body movements, were analyzed. On the basis of the results, a modular model of a sports jacket with smart photonic functions was designed and presented, with the focus on the wearer's safety and protection function, which was judged to be the most needed and appropriate function among the three functions of smart photonic clothing related to sports clothing. The results of this study is expected to be useful as basic data for future smart photonic clothing design research.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.181-192
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to explain the attitudes and acceptance toward the smart clothing adopted by the TAM(Technology Acceptance Model). A theoretical model on consumer acceptance of the commercialized smart clothing was constructed on the basis of previous studies and a review of literature and tested the path analysis. For the data analysis, statistical methods of confirmatory factor analysis, correlation, and covariance structural analysis using AMOS 5.0 package were employed. The results from a web-based survey of 557 online consumers indicate that the TAM by Davis(1989) adopted by perceived value according to market price was able to explain consumer acceptance of smart clothing substantially well. Using structural equation modeling, eight of the six hypotheses investigated in this study were supported. The results of the testing of the hypothesis were as fellows: First, perceived ease of use had a side effect on attitude through perceived usefulness. In addition, the attitude was found to affect consumer acceptance. Second, perceived usefulness was found to affect consumer attitude on perceived value, however, had not significant effect on consumer acceptance toward smart clothing. Third, perceived value was found to affect both consumer acceptance and attitude toward smart clothing. Finally, the attitude toward smart clothing had a direct effect on the consumer acceptance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2023

The smart fashion industry is showing steady growth worldwide, which will create new value throughout the fashion industry and become an essential element for efficient lifestyles. This study attempted to examine the development trend of smart fashion products from a design perspective and present the direction of design as a fashion item incorporating smart technology from a functional perspective. For this purpose, the category of portable smart fashion and the characteristics of the research object were considered through current status survey and previous research review. Among smart fashion, accessories and clothing/fabric products that have been released thus far that apply portable fashion design principles are selected and its characteristics are analyzed. In addition, function keywords were extracted based on the product description provided by the manufacturer and the function-oriented types were classified to identify each type's design characteristics. Therefore, the area receiving the signal and the sensor size should be considered, as should the fashion accessory type that combines various materials and colors. The clothing/textile type requires a design that mainly focuses on functions related to bio-signal interactions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.85-109
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• 2023

Laundry has traditionally been regarded as one of the most demanding household chores, but the introduction of smart washing machines is changing this perception. Although smart washing machines have been on the market for several years and consumers' perceptions of washing machines have changed, little is known about consumers' perceptions of smart washing machines. The purpose of this study is to determine what users expect from smart washing machines. We conducted two focus group interviews with sixteen participants who had used smart home appliances to acquire qualitative data. Stimuli created by the interviewees were applied in the focus group interviews to collect more insightful data. We analyzed the data using the three-step method and QSR NVivo. Analysis revealed ten categories of predictive expectations, including seven utilitarian attributes (i.e., smart functionality, smart user interface, reliability, controllability, interactivity, functional value, and economic value) and three hedonic attributes (i.e., fashionable value, psychological value, and social value). The results of this study have implications for the development of smart washing machines that would satisfy consumers by taking user expectations into account.