• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.34-41
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• 2012

Objectives In this study, we developed a mock-up of the system for Sasang Constitutional (SC) diagnosis. This system consists of 5 devices which are the face analyzer, the voice analyzer, the skin analyzer, the pulse analyzer, and the computer-based questionnaire. Our goal is to evaluate the repeatability of the system. Methods Each device is capable of classifying SC types. The classification probability of the integrated system for the SC types was obtained by summing the probability from each device. For evaluating the repeatability of the system, we collected data for 5 subjects, and repeated the measurement three times for each individual. The average and standard deviation were used for calculating the Coefficient of Variation. Results The results showed that the repeatability of the classification probability of the integrated system is about 8%, which implies the system is repeatable. Conclusions To increase usability of this system, it is desirable for the system to offer information on health condition of the user. The integrated constitutional diagnosis system will be upgraded to complement the convenience and to develop the diagnostic algorithm for the user's health condition.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.131-146
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• 1995

Many arthritis patients experience weakness of muscles in extremities mainly due to disuse atrophy and weight gain because of the limited activities and exercises. This study examines the effects of the 6-week aquatic-exercise program on the body fat and the muscle of the rheumatoid arthritis patients. Seventeen patients in the experimental group and 18 in the control group were assigned depending on their preference and physical condition. These patients had more than 3 points of pain out of 10, deformities in knee, wrist and ankle joints. The amount of aquatic exercise increases from 35 minutes in the first week to 60 minutes in the 6th week. In the resting period they discussed their own experiences about exercise, personal and family affairs, and performed some recreation programs in order to increase the self-efficacy and promote the relationship with other patients by the group activities. Skinfold thickness and circumferences of both extremities were measured before and after experiment to compare the difference. For testing the body fat Saham Model was used. Prior to the experiment two group's body weight, skinfold thickness and skin circumferences were not significantly different which indicates the homogeneity of two groups. Body weight and most parts of skinfold thickness of the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group after 6-week aquatic exercise program. Circumference was not significantly lower than the control after the program. These findings indicate the in-crease of muscle sizes and the reduction of the body fat. Therefore a more active application of aquatic exercise into a variety of clients is strongly suggested.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.311-318
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• 2011

Misinformation and inappropriate use of medication has become one of the most pressing concerns in drug safety. The purpose of this study was to survey public perception on drug safety as well as the channels most relied upon providing such information. The survey was performed for patients or their families visiting pharmacies in a local city in Korea. Analysis was performed from 367 respondents to the survey. The contents of this survey revealed that consumers were aware of the fact that medications should not be taken at any higher dosage or more often than directed by their prescriptions. The survey revealed a general awareness that symptoms might not be relieved immediately by their medications. However, the perception that there could be adverse drug reaction (ADR) at therapeutic dose was low except among the young or highly educated members. Respondents recognized that skin rashes were the most whereas drowsiness was the least common ADR symptom. There was a high awareness of drug-food or drug-drug interactions except in the case of certain nutraceuticals. Doctors and pharmacists were ranked as the most reliable resources to the consumer for providing drug related information. However, public relations or education programs were in need since there were still not negligible numbers of consumers depending on personal experience rather than health professionals.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.225-242
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• 1995

This study was undertaken to review the relationship between middle-school students' food-behavior and their health conditions/school performances. For this purpose, 495 male and female middle-school students were sampled form seven middle schools located in Seoul for a questionnaire survey. The surveyed data were analysed with simple frequency, percentage, t-test, chi-square test, dispersion analysis, Pearson's correlation and hierarchical multiple-regression analysis which make use of the SPSS/PC+ package system. The results of survey can be summarized as follows; Most of students had three meals a day regularly, but some female students used to skip breakfast or supper. The amount of a mael was adequate. Their main night-smacks were fruits. The problem perceived by students was unbalanced meal ; Female students took more snack than that of male students. They usually took a snack a day. All students tended to take delicious snacks. The most favorate smack of students was fruits. Most students did not suffer any serious diseases, but some had one or more respiratory diseases. Female students had some or other physical troubles in their eyes, mouth, digesting organs, muscle/bone, skin and had fatigue. Female students had mental problems of depression, uneasiness and hostility. The average I.Q. of students was 117.4, and those who had higher I.Q. got much higher scores. The regularity and amount of meal and intake of animal food were all positively related with the growth of height and weight. And the taller, the higher I.Q. they had. Those students who took meals three times regularly and adequately, who had no coffee and snack and who took balanced meals were healthier in both physical and mental terms. In particular, those who had adequate amount of breakfast regularly were not only healthier but also had higher I.Q. and school performance.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.64-75
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze of PCAs' activity classification system and time of PCAs who worked in Wamco. Method: The data were collected from 2 WAMCO and 308 subjects between February and August, 2007, by questionnaire and 24 time survey. The data were processed with SPSS Win 12.0. Result: In activity analysis, PCAs' activities were classified into 20 domains and 76 activities, which were hygiene, bathing, feeding & nutrition, elimination, respiration, skin care, exercise & transfer, problematic behavior control, communication, observation & measurement comfort, medication, assisting test & treatment, reporting, environment management, patient belongings care, education attendance, indirect caregiving weekly/monthly PCAs' activity. And the PCAs' time analysis showed the average of 24hrs PCAs' time were 798.8 minutes, in which 46.8% were used in day-duty, 33.6% in evening-duty, and 19.6% in night-duty. There were no statistically significant difference in total PCAs time according to the type of industrial accidents and PCAs' type and qualification. But there were statistically significant difference in total PCAs time according to the type of PCAs (day-duty/all-night vigil. Conclusion: The results of this study can be utilized usefully and reasonally in deciding of PCAs staffing and PCAs' type and grade in WAMCO.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the parenting of mothers with infants and preschoolers in an effort to determine types of parenting. Methods: The 32 participating mothers were interviewed and from the content of the interviews, their parenting was analyzed. Statements were categorized and analyzed according to the selected procedure. Results: The parenting of mothers was classified into positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement, including 55 significant statements and 14 categories. Positive reinforcement was categorized as frequent skin contact, giving pleasure, spending a lot of time with children, improving children's self-esteem, being sensitive to children's needs, realistic discipline, developing independence, listening to children, and understanding and respecting children's feelings. Negative reinforcement was categorized as overprotection, inconsistent attitude, negligence, negative educational behavior, and emphasis on obedience. Conclusion: These results suggest that systematic education should be provided for mothers to increase their ability to provide good parenting. It is expected that the findings of this study would be useful in the development of efficient educational programs.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

An extracellular matrix protein, transforming growth factor-beta-induced protein (TGFBIp/βig-h3), which is induced by transforming growth factor-β in the human cornea, skin, and matrix of many connective tissues, is associated with the adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation of various cells. TGFBIp contains four homologous repeat domains, known as FAS1 domains, where certain mutations have been considered to cause corneal dystrophies. In this study, backbone NMR assignments of FAS1-3/FAS1-4 tandem domain were obtained and compared with those previously known for the isolated FAS1-4 domain. The results corroborate in solution the inter-domain interaction between FAS1-3 and FAS1-4 in TGFBIp.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.22 no.5 s.95
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• pp.690-701
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• 2006

Classifying vegetables recorded in Sikgamchalyo of Jeongjoji of Limwonsibyukji and Tangaekpyeon of Donguibogam and comparing the types features, efficacy and side effects based on Kimi Theory(氣味), we found forty one leafy vegetables, six root vegetables, nine fruit vegetables, nine mushrooms, seven seaweeds and two other vegetables in Limwonsibyukji and thirty five leafy vegetables, eight root vegetables, eight fruit vegetables, one mushroom, two seaweeds and one another vegetable in Donguibogam. According to the literature, vegetables are classified by five conditions(五氣) and five tastes(五味) and many are cold with sweet and bitter taste or warm with hot taste. They are efficacious in protecting the five viscera, building up energy, controlling heat, calming febrile diseases, promoting urination and excretion, calming cholera morbus, improving skin condition, calming the stomach, neutralizing poisonous effects and improving eyesight. To help prevent and cure diseases, those with cold physical constitution must take warm vegetables to vitalize their physiology and those with hot physical constitution cold vegetables for balance. To improve their physical health, our ancestors tried to control their bio rhythm with food and medicinal material and promoted health and prevented diseases by taking such food. We therefore expect that we can have a healthy dietary life by taking advantage of the five conditions and five tastes of vegetables and continuing the spirit of Yacksikdongwon(藥食同源).

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.80-88
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between body mass index (BMI), satisfaction of perceived somatotype, and eating disorder of 133 female college students from Gyeong-gi province. The average weight is $55.3{\pm}8.8kg$, and the BMI is categorized into three groups: underweight, normal weight, and overweight. In terms of the satisfaction for perceived somatotype, 58.6% of the total respondents replied "unsatisfied," which consists of 14% of the underweight group, 37.6% of the normal weight group, and 6.8% of the overweight group. This reveals that the negative association between the satisfaction levels of perceived somatotype and BMI in the normal weight group is statistically significant (p<0.001). Among three eating disorder scores, the first factor, the drive for thinness, shows significant difference (p<0.005) among groups with 2.82 points in the underweight group, 3.38 points in the normal weight group, and 3.86 points in the overweight group; such result shows that there is a drive for being skinny even within the underweight group. Second, the satisfaction levels of perceived somatotype type shows significant dissatisfaction among all groups with 3.41 points in the underweight group, 4.15 points in the normal weight group and 4.73 points in the overweight group. Third, the bulimia degree reveals a significant difference within each group, 2.15 points in the underweight group, 2.33 points in the normal weight group, and 2.78 points in the overweight group. Overall, more than half of the female college students are dissatisfied with their body shapes despite the fact that they are under or within the normal weight. In addition, the drive for being skinny and dissatisfaction levels of perceived somatotypes appear to be significantly higher with higher BMI levels.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.220-233
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• 2019

Bacterial lysates have become a common ingredient for natural health care. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) could serve as potential candidates for lysate production: the lactic acids produced by LAB have been utilized for their moisturizing, antimicrobial, and rejuvenating effects, while other substances provide topical benefits and health effects for the skin. Our study aimed to obtain lysate from a LAB S. macedonicus MBF 10-2 through an optimized fermentation using the Response Surface Methodology. Strain MBF10-2 was cultivated in a 2L fermenter tank in de Man Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) medium and in plant-based peptone modified MRS, i.e. Soy-peptone and Vegitone. The duration and the medium composition (dextrose and soy peptone or proteose peptone) were adjusted to obtain an optimum production of cell lysate. Central Composite Design was employed for Design Expert 7.0.0 by adjusting 3 factors: dextrose (1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%), soy or proteose peptone (0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25% and 1.5%), and duration of fermentation (8, 10, 12 14, and 16 h for MRS-Soy peptone and 15, 17, 19, 21, and 23 h for MRS Vegitone). Bacteriocin-Like Inhibitor Substance activity of lysate and pH were used as indicators. The optimum condition for lysate production using MRS Soy Peptone and Vegitone are as follows: dextrose concentration 2.5%, plant-based peptone 1.25%, while optimum fermentation duration were 11.18 h (MRS Soy Peptone) and 17 h (MRS Vegitone) with a starter concentration of 10% at $OD_{600nm}$ $0.2{\pm}0.05$. However, the standard MRS medium produced better quality lysate compared to MRS plant-based peptones.