• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.35-38
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• 1990

For the purpose of the production of single cell protein from rice bran oil, yeast was isolating from soil. It was belonging to Candida albicans Species. These experiments were conducted to find out the property on yeast cell from rice bran oil Molecular weight for the main protein on yeast cell protein from rice bran oil separated by 1% SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophorosis was 22, 000.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.95-102
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• 1971

The growth characteristics of Candida tropicalis KIST 351 on gas oil substrate under different culture conditions were investigated and the preliminary animal feeding experiments using this yeast as a partial substitute of fish meal was also conducted. The yeast assimilates effectively n-paraffins in gas oil ranging from $C_{16}$ to $C_{16}$ with its maximum cell growth at $33^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.5 with aeration of 3 vvn and agitation of 900 rpm. The optimal concentrations of nitrogen sources, $HK_2PO_4$ and $Na_2HPO$ were 4, 2 and 0.5g/1, respectively. Ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate showed positive effect to cell growth with the optimal range of 5-10 ppm. In the feeding experiment with 3 and 5% incorporation of the gas oil grown yeast, neither adverse effects on growth of chicks nor toxic effect were observed. Protein content of the dried cell was 58.8% and its amino acid composition compared well with other single-cell protein products and FAO reference protein.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.19-31
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• 2019

Bud rot (BR) is the most devastating disease affecting oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) crops in Colombia. Its causal agent, Phytophthora palmivora, initiates the infection in immature oil palm leaflets producing necrotic lesions, followed by colonization of opportunistic necrotrophs, which increases disease damage. To improve the characterization of the disease, we transformed P. palmivora using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) to include the fluorescent proteins CFP-SKL (peroxisomal localization), eGFP and mRFP1 (cytoplasmic localization). The stability of some transformants was confirmed by Southern blot analysis and single zoospore cultures; additionally, virulence and in vitro growth were compared to the wild-type isolate to select transformants with the greatest resemblance to the WT isolate. GFP-tagged P. palmivora was useful to identify all of the infective structures that are commonly formed by hemibiotrophic oomycetes, including apoplastic colonization and haustorium formation. Finally, we detected cell death responses associated with immature oil palm tissues that showed reduced susceptibility to P. palmivora infection, indicating that these tissues could exhibit age-related resistance. The aim of this research is to improve the characterization of the initial disease stages and generate cell biology tools that may be useful for developing methodologies for early identification of oil palm materials resistant or susceptible to BR.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.256-267
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• 2019

The use of low-cost substrates represents one key issue to make single cell oil production sustainable. Among low-input crops, Arundo donax L. is a perennial herbaceous rhizomatous grass containing both C5 and C6 carbohydrates. The scope of the present work was to investigate and optimize the production of lipids by the oleaginous yeast Cutaneotrichosporon curvatus from undetoxified lignocellulosic hydrolysates of steam-pretreated A. donax. The growth of C. curvatus was first optimized in synthetic media, similar in terms of sugar concentration to hydrolysates, by applying the response surface methodology (RSM) analysis. Then the bioconversion of undetoxified hydrolysates was investigated. A fed-batch process for the fermentation of A. donax hydrolysates was finally implemented in a 2-L bioreactor. Under optimized conditions, the total lipid content was 64% of the dry cell weight and the lipid yield was 63% of the theoretical. The fatty acid profile of C. curvatus triglycerides contained 27% palmitic acid, 33% oleic acid and 32% linoleic acid. These results proved the potential of lipid production from A. donax, which is particularly important for their consideration as substitutes for vegetable oils in many applications such as biodiesel or bioplastics.

• 약학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.93-109
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• 1992

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate both the immunomodulatory effect of evening primrose(EP) oil and the effects of EP oil on immunoregulation by cyclophosphamide in mice. EP oil at doses of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 ml/kg were orally administered to ICR male mice once daily for 28 consecutive days. Cyclophosphamide was injected intraperitoneally to ICR mice with a single dose of 5 mg/kg at 2 days before secondary immunization. Mice were sensitized and challenged with sheep red blood cells(S-RBC). Immnune responses were evaluated by humoral and cellular immune responses and non-specific immune response. The results of this study were summarized as follows; (1) The humoral immune responses such as hemagglutination titer(HA), hemolysin titer(HY), Arthus reaction and plaque forming cell(PFC) were significantly enhanced in the low dose EP oil administered groups(0.1 and 0.2 ml/kg). However, in the high dose EP oil administered group(0.4 ml/kg) the responses were significantly lowered. (2) In the case of cellular immune responses, delayed type hypersensitivity reaction(DTH) was significantly decreased in EP oil whereas rosette forming cell(RFC) was remarkably enhanced. (3) Activities of natural killer cells and phagocyte were generally enhanced in EP oil. In addition, serum albumin and globulin were also increased.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.459-463
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• 2015

This study evaluated the microbial conversion of coconut oil waste, a major agro-residue in tropical countries, into single cell oil (SCO) feedstock for biodiesel production. Copra cake was used as a low-cost renewable substrate without any prior chemical or enzymatic pretreatment for submerged growth of an oleaginous tropical mangrove fungus, Aspergillus terreus IBB M1. The SCO extracted from fermented biomass was converted into fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) by transesterification and evaluated on the basis of fatty acid profiles and key fuel properties for biodiesel. The fungus produced a biomass (8.2 g/l) yielding 257 mg/g copra cake SCO with ~98% FAMEs. The FAMEs were mainly composed of saturated methyl esters (61.2%) of medium-chain fatty acids (C12-C18) with methyl oleate (C18:1; 16.57%) and methyl linoleate (C18:2; 19.97%) making up the unsaturated content. A higher content of both saturated FAMEs and methyl oleate along with the absence of polyunsaturated FAMEs with ≥4 double bonds is expected to impart good fuel quality. This was evident from the predicted and experimentally determined key fuel properties of FAMEs (density, kinematic viscosity, iodine value, acid number, cetane number), which were in accordance with the international (ASTM D6751, EN 14214) and national (IS 15607) biodiesel standards, suggesting their suitability as a biodiesel fuel. The low cost, renewable nature, and easy availability of copra cake, its conversion into SCO without any thermochemical pretreatment, and pelleted fungal growth facilitating easier downstream processing by simple filtration make this process cost effective and environmentally favorable.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2011

Various single solvents were tested to find the effective solvent for the extraction of algae oil from wet-form Chlorella minutissima. In the case of single solvents, their extractabilities for algae oil were increased with their polarity because the water in wet algae cell is to form a solvent shell around the lipids. Based on these results, the wet-form algae samples were treated with a polar alcohol solvent and then a nonpolar solvent was added in algae residue. In the algae oil extraction by ethanol/n-hexane, total lipid contents were 40-50% and composition of triglyceride in extracted oil was 46.50%. Considering solvent toxicity of conventional solvent mixture such as chloroform and methanol for algae oil extraction, the ethanol/n-hexane system was identified as the effective one for the oil extraction from wet-form Chlorella minutissima.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.405-408
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• 2015

아라키돈산을 고농도로 함유한 유지를 생산하는 Mortierella sp. M-12로부터 얻은 균체 지방질을 식용에 적합하도록 정제하기 위하여 탈색 공정을 최적화하였다. 동결건조한 균체로부터 Folch's solvent를 사용하여 균체 지방질 조유를 얻은 후 탈검과 탈산을 거쳐 얻은 탈산유를 50-100 mmHg 진공 하에서 탈색을 진행하였다. 활성백토를 1% 수준으로 첨가하여 $90^{\circ}C$에서 20분간 수행하였을 때 식용유지 규격에 적합한 색상을 갖는 탈색유를 얻을 수 있었다. 탈색 공정 중에 부수적으로 일어난 탈검과 탈산 작용으로 인하여 탈색유의 인 함량은 31.7% 감소하였으며, 산값은 0.5로 감소하여 식용유지의 규격에 적합한 수준이 되었다. 모르티에렐라 단세포유지는 일반적인 유지의 탈색공정을 통하여 식용급 동식물 유지와 같은 수준의 탈색유를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.219-230
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• 1974

국내외에서 수집한 유침 및 유전지대의 토양시료에서 n-paraffin자화성균주와 ethanol자화성균주를 분리하여 혼합배양을 시도하였고 선정된 균주에 대해서는 등정과 아울러 최적배지조성을 검토하였다. 최종적으로 선정된 균주중 n-paraffin자화성균주(strain No. 76)는 Candida tropicalis var. KIST 76으로, ethanol 자화성균주 (Strain No. 76H)는 Trichosporn cutaneum KIST 76H로 동정되었다. 최적배지조성에서 Candida tropicalis var. KIST 76을 단독배양하였을때 건조균체량은 배양 16시간 후에 16 g/l(대기질당 수율 71.1%), 이때의 단백질함량은 53.4%였으나 Candida tropicalis var. KIST 76과 Trichosporn cutaneum KIST 76H와 혼합배양하면 배양 12시간 후에 건조균체량은 20g/l(대기질당 수율 88.8%), 단백질 함량은 58.0%로 증가하였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.687-697
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• 2015

단세포유지 생산에 이용되는 미생물은 효모, 곰팡이, 미세조류 등이다. 단세포유지의 생산 효율은 배지의 조성을 조절하여 영양공급을 최적화하거나, 배양 조건을 조절하거나, 최신의 생명공학기술을 활용하여 균주를 개량함으로써 증가시킬 수 있다. 단세포유지를 상업적으로 대량 생산하기 위해서는 값이 싼 탄소원을 확보하는 것이 무엇보다 중요하므로 지구 상에 풍부한 섬유질 자원을 활용하는 방법이 주목을 끌고 있다. 미세조류는 대기 중의 탄산가스를 탄소원으로 이용하므로 탄소원의 비용이 들지 않는 는 장점이 있다. 단세포유지 생산 미생물의 유전자를 조작하거나 대사공학기술을 이용하는 방법은 균주의 생산성을 획기적으로 높이기도 한다. 단세포유지는 그 동안 식품, 사료, 의약품 등으로 사용되어 왔으나 최근에는 바이오디젤(biodiesel)의 원료로도 사용될 수 있어 또 다른 관심을 끌고 있다.