• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.52 no.4
• /
• pp.125-132
• /
• 2015

PCI Express is high-speed point-to-point serial protocol, the system is designed by analysing loss and jitter through Eye Diagram. It is necessarily analyzing high speed serial signals when the PCI Express Gen3 which has 8Gbps physical signal speed is designed especially. This paper deals with topology extraction, channel analysis, extraction of s-parameters and system signal integrity simulation within transceiver buffer models through PCI Express Gen3 server connecting switch system design. Optimal parameters of transmitter buffer equalizer are found through solution space simulation of de-emphasis and preshoot parameters to compensate channel loss.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
• /
• v.22 no.4 s.106
• /
• pp.133-143
• /
• 2007

PCI Express는 고속 차동신호를 사용한 점대점(point-to-point) 프로토콜로 신호무결성(signal-integrity) 측정을 위해 기존의 병렬버스신호와 다른 파라미터(parameter)들이 사용되고 있다. PCI Express 시스템에서 중요한 전기 파라미터는 loss와 jitter이며 eye diagram을 통해서 분석이 가능하다. 본 고는 PCI Express 송수신 버퍼의 전기 규격과 애드인카드(add-in card) 시스템의 전기적 여유(budgets)의 의미와 분석을 다룬다. 또한 실제적인 PCI Express 시스템에서 전기 파라미터들을 측정하고 분석, 디버깅의 방법을 다룬다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.53 no.2
• /
• pp.105-107
• /
• 2010

To overcome the limitation of E. coli expression system such as inclusion body formation and disulfide bond failure, we tried to express the heterologous protein as a secreted form. We adopted agarase signal peptide (ASP; 23 amino acid residues) from Agarivorans albus YKW-34 which is one of marine bacteia. When we used ASP to express $\beta$-agarase, about 42% activity was detected in media.

• The Zoological Society Korea : Newsletter
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.129.1-129
• /
• 1995

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.87-97
• /
• 2000

Signal optimization model is divided bandwidth-maximizing model and delay-minimizing model. Bandwidth-maximizing model express model formulation as MILP(Mixed Integer Linear Programming) and delay-minimizing model like TRANSYT-7F use "hill climbing" a1gorithm to optimize signal times. This study Proposed optimization model using genetic algorithm one of evolution algorithm breaking from existing optimization model This Proposed model were tested by several scenarios and evaluated through NETSIM with TRANSYT-7F\`s outputs. The result showed capability that can obtain superior solution.

• Transactions of the Society of Information Storage Systems
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.53-57
• /
• 2005

In order to measure signal quality of optical disc such as CD or DVD, jitter is used traditionally. The signal attained from a disc by optical pick-up is processed by analog circuits. And then, binary signal can be obtained by using proper silcer. After the signal is changed into binary format, jitter is calculated as a time difference between the binary signal and the reference time. Jitter is used to express the signal quality. In this paper, a new method that is able to offer more precise measurement of the signal quality fur high density optical disc than the jitter is proposed. We named it LPSNR (Level Peak Signal to Noise Ratio). The relationship between bER (bit error rate) and LPSNR is shown in the paper.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.48-53
• /
• 2012

This paper is purposed to develop portable electric instrument to select NI-9223(National instrument comp.) and clamp meter(HIOKI comp.), which can be used in developing electric instrument, to detect leakage current(ZCT) and current(CT) signals. In this paper, The electric instrument that can interface with current and leakage current instrument(HIOKI 9283), is developed by NI-9223 of NI comp.. HIOKI clamp meter can measure current signals certainly by high-sensitivity of 10 ${\mu}A$ resolution(leakage current : at 10 mA range) and current 1~200A range. The NI-9223 use four 16-bit analog-to-digital converters(ADCs) for true simultaneous sampling at up to 1 MS/s per channel. NI-9223 can synchronize all analog input modules installed in the same chassis to share the same start clock and/or sample clocks. The monitoring program is developed by SignalExpress of LabVIEW. The monitoring program are developed to analyze at simultaneous sampling on electrical signals such as leakage current(ZCT) and current(CT). The developed system verification tests were conducted, and portable electric instrument can be used in place which requires analysis of the actual electrical signal.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.332-339
• /
• 1988

Using a generalized observation model, in which one can express the effects of non-additive noise such as signal-dependent noise and multiplicative noise in addition to purely-additive noise, the problem of weak random-signal detection is investigated. It is shown that the test statistics of locally optimum detectors for detection of weak random signals in signal-dependent noise model are interesting extensions of those in purely-additive noise model. This result is a complement to the result for weak random-signal detction in multiplicative noise model.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.41-49
• /
• 2004

In this paper, a design and measurement method for FPGA embedded gigabit-transceiver is presented. Altera's Stratix GX device which is general purpose transceiver called GXB was used for implementing PCI Express transceiver. PCI Express is the generation high performance serial I/O bus used to interconnect peripheral devices. After GXB was set follow by PCI Express specifications, the design has been verified by timing simulation and implemented as hardware. We tested it as follow. First GXB internal digital and analog block test second GXB transmitter signal integrity test called Eye mask test, third GXB high-speed serial I/O buffer and on-chip termination test and the last GXB protocol test. This paper shows all the design and measurement procedure about FPGA embedded gigabit-transceiver.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2008.05a
• /
• pp.579-584
• /
• 2008

A novel nondestructive testing (NDT) system, which is able to detect a crack with high speed and high spatial resolution, is urgently required for inspecting small cracks on express train wheels. This paper proposes an improved signal processing circuits, which uses the multiple amplifying circuits and the crack indicating pulse output system of the previous scan-type magnetic camera. Hall sensors are arrayed linearly, and the wheel is rotated with static speed in the vertical direction to sensor array direction. Each Hall voltages are amplified, converted and immediately operated by using, amplifying circuits, analog-to-digital converters and $\mu$-processor, respectively. The operated results, ${\partial}V_H/{\partial}t$, are compared with a standard value, which indicates a crack existence. If the ${\partial}V_H/{\partial}t$ is larger than standard value, the pulse signal is output, and indicates the existence of crack. The effectiveness of the novel method was verified by examine using cracks on the wheel specimen model.