• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.504-508
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• 2007

In the case of thin plate blocks, buckling deformation due to longitudinal shrinkage is the most important weld-induced deformation. This paper is concerned with developing the formula to predict the longitudinal shrinkage due to welding, in which mechanical tension effect in welding direction is accounted for. For this purpose, bead on plate welding test has been carried out for the 27 thin plate specimens with varying welding conditions and magnitude of tensile load. Empirical formula of predicting the longitudinal shrinkage has been derived based on the results of welding test, in which effect of mechanical tension is included. The derived formula can be usefully used in predicting the level of tensile load to reduce the longitudinal shrinkage.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제33권11호
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• pp.1253-1259
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• 1996

In the fabrication of alumina-based multilayer ceramics sintering shrinkages with lamination conditions such as lamination pressure temperature and laminating with and without press die were compared. The sintering shrinkage was affected substantially by lamination pressure and temperature and in the case of laminatino without press die the lower laminated density and a large difference in shrinkage with direction were observed. These results can be explained by introducing a new factor which is the ratio of the changes of areas before and after lamination.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.300-305
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• 2013

사출성형에서 성형수축은 피할 수 없는 현상이다. 따라서 성형수축을 줄이기 위한 연구가 필요할 뿐만 아니라 성형수축의 특성을 명확히 파악하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 유리섬유로 보강된 폴리카보네이트를 이용하여 2.5차원형상인 환상형상의 시편에서 보이는 성형수축 현상을 조사하였다. 환상시편은 외경의 크기와 두께를 달리하여 설계하였다. 성형조건은 수지온도, 보압시간 및 보압크기를 변수로 설정하였다. 여러 성형조건으로 성형된 시편에서 내경과 외경의 크기가 변하는 양상에 대해서 분석하였다. 성형된 시편의 외경과 내경의 치수는 금형의 치수보다 작게 나타났다. 시편의 외경이 클수록, 그리고 시편의 두께가 두꺼울수록 수출율은 작게 나타났다. 또한 게이트의 위치에 따라 수축의 크기가 방향성을 보였다. 따라서 성형된 시편은 원형이 아니라 타원형으로 나타났고 게이트 방향으로 내경과 외경이 가장 큰 수축을 보였다. 수축된 제품의 형상조절을 위해서는 게이트 설계와 같은 금형설계가 중요하다고 판단된다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.808-811
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• 2000

The product of stereolithography is consist of gathering the single strand. Therefore the accuracy of the shape is related to the linear shrinkage of the single strand. The resin temperature change affect on curing properties. This article will propose the interaction between material temperature and shape accuracy by resin temperature control. The main concern of this article is related to the improvement of end product's shape accuracy by the persuit for the filles curing criterion.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.725-734
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• 1996

점토질 소지에 있어서 수축 특성은 성형, 건조 및 소성 공정에 수반되어 치말화거등에 기여할 수 있는 구동력이 될 수 있다. 점토질 소지에서 저수축 치말화거동은 입자크기효과와 상전이 특성에 기인하는 열간 반응전이 거동을 포함하는 공정변수에 따라 크게 변화됨을 보였다. 90$0^{\circ}C$ 및 120$0^{\circ}C$에서 열처리된 Chamotte의 첨가를 통해서 점토질 소지의 열간 치밀화 과정에 기인하는 공정수축은 크게 억제될 수 있었다. 120$0^{\circ}C$에서 열처리된 조대한 Chamotte 입자는 점토 소지의 치밀화 거동을 억제하여 치밀한 소결미세구조를 얻을 수는 없었지만, 조대한 Chamotte 입자의 첨가는 neat-net-shape 제어를 촉진할 수 있었다. 점토질 소지에 있어서 미세구조/물성간의 연관관계는 저수축과 치밀화 거동사이의 상반된 특성을 제어함으로써 얻어진 최적조건에 따라 직접적인 영향을 받을 것으로 판단되었다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집C
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• pp.621-626
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• 2001

Microcellular foaming process was developed at MIT in 1980's to save a quantity of raw materials and improve mechanical properties. There are many process variables in appling microcellular foaming process to the conventional injection molding process. Of all process variables, part dimension control and shrinkage are the most influential on the post molded dimension. The post molding dimensional change of thermoplastic resins is important to tool designers for predicting the specific difference of molded part vs. actual mold cavity. Generally, articles injection molded are smaller in size than the cavity; hence, the term shrinkage factor is used to define the allowance a designer specifies. It is important to consider the factors that influence molded part dimension. According to ASTM Designation: D 955, shrinkage from mold dimensions of molded plastics was measured. In injection molding, the difference between the dimensions of the mold and of the molded article produced therein from a given material may vary according to the design and operation of the mold. In this paper, shrinkage data of molded plastic parts was obtained. It can be an important information for designing optimum mold system in a microcellular foaming injection molding process.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.32-34
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• 2011

A zero-shrinkage sintering process in which the shrinkage of the x-y axis is controlled to be zero is in great demand due to the high integration trend in ceramic modules. Among the zero-shrinkage sintering processes available, the glass infiltration method proposed in the preliminary study with an $Al_2O_3/Glass/Al_2O_3$ structure is one promising method. However, problems exist in regard to the glass infiltration method, including partially incomplete joining between $Al_2O_3$ and glass layers due to the precipitate of Ti-Pb rich phase during the sintering process. Therefore, we wish to solve the de-lamination problems and suggest a mechanism for delamination and the solutions in the zero-shrinkage low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) layers. The de-lamination problems diminished using the Pb-BSi-O glass without $TiO_2$ in Pb-B-Ti-Si-O glass and produced a very dense zero-shrinkage LTCC.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.23-26
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• 2012

A zero-shrinkage sintering process in which the shrinkage of x-y axis is controlled to be zero is in great demand due to the trend of high integration in the ceramic modules. Among the zero-shrinkage sintering processes that are available, the proposed glass infiltration method where the viscous but fluidic glass infiltrates of the $Al_2O_3$ particles in the structure of $Al_2O_3$/glass/$Al_2O_3$ during firing is one of the applicable methods. However, the above proposed glass infiltration method has the problem of the warpage-like delamination. This occurred at the outermost surface of the multiple-bundle substrate. It is thought that the decomposed gas rapidly expands in low viscous glass to create vacant space. To solve this problem, the vacant space was tamped with $Al_2O_3$ particles to lead to the actual improvement of the sintered properties. With 15 wt% of tamping $Al_2O_3$ particles in glass, most of the vacant space disappeared. Fully densified zero-shrinkage substrate without delamination can be obtained.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.507-511
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• 2008

LTCC (Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic) has been successfully applied to ceramic substrates for circuits and micro-fluidic systems and has proven its superior performance in a variety of applications. The prediction of shrinkage in LTCC process is an important for dimensional control of micro LTCC products which has influences on electronic characteristics. For avoiding the unpredictable shrinkage of LTCC during the sintering which makes accurate placement of the circuit devices difficult, pre-processes such as WIP (Warm Isostatic Pressing) and lamination must be modified. The objective of the present investigation is to establish a proper WIP conditions for near net shape fabrication of LTCC products. This paper discusses the influence of WIP conditions on the dimensional change of LTCC sheet. In the investigation, it is shown that the shrinkage values of sheets depend on WIP conditions and sheet directions. This work is a quantitative evaluation of the effect of WIP pressure on shrinkage of LTCC sheet. Additionally, the results show anisotropic shrinkage behaviour of sheet during LTCC process.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2018

PURPOSES : This purpose of this study is to analyze the effect to autogenous shrinkage of the top-layer material of a two-lift concrete pavement mixing both silica fume and polymer powder. METHODS : The bottom-layer of a two-lift concrete pavement was paved with original portland cement (OPC) with a 20~23 cm thickness. Additionally, the top-layer which is directly exposed to the environment and vehicles was paved with a high-performance concrete (HPC) with a 7~10 cm thickness. These types of pavements can achieve a long service life by reducing joint damage and increasing the abrasion and scaling resistance. In order to integrate the different bottom and top layer materials, autogenous shrinkage tests were performed in this study according to the mixing ratio of silica fume and polymer powder, which are the admixture of the top-layer material. RESULTS : Autogenous shrinkage decreased when polymer powder was used in the mix. Contrary to this, autogenous shrinkage tended to rise with increasing silica fume content. However, the effects were not significant when small amounts of polymer powder were used (3% and 11%). CONCLUSIONS : The durability and compressive strength increase when silica fume is used in the mix. The flexural strength considerably increases and autogenous shrinkage of concrete decreases when polymer powder is used in the mix. As seen from above, the proper use of these materials improves not only durability, but also autogenous shrinkage, leading to better shrinkage crack control in the concrete.