• Plant Resources
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.60-64
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• 2004

The establishment of an efficient protocol for plant regeneration and micropropagation from leaf explant cultures of Chicory, Cichorium intybus L. var. sativus. is reported. Callus formation rate appeared 100% from explant in all growth regulators, but calli formed in the prensence of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were appeared very compact and non-embryogenic state. The regenerated shoots were obtained from leaf explant cultures on solid MS medium containing different concentrations of cytokinins and auxin. The highest number of shoots (5.7) per explant and shoot growth (2.8cm) was obtained on MS medium containing 0.1 mg BAP L$^{-1}$ and 0.1 mg NAA L$^{-1}$ . Indole acetic acid was the most suitable auxin for root formation among three auxins tested. 2,4-D had no effect on shoot and root formation.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2003

Useful Dianthus species were collected and selected from two native and seven foreign species distributed in Gangwon province. For in vitro breeding,. callus was induced from the explants of apical meristem, leaf, stem and the in vitro adventitious shoots on MS basal medium with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L BA at 27$^{\circ}C$ under continuous light. After 3 weeks of culture, calli initiated the most highly from the leaf explants of D. chinensis Organogenic calli were able to be selected from the adventitious shoot-derived calli. For shoot regeneration, these organogenic calli were cultured on MS medium with the combination of 0.1 mg/L NAA＋1.0 mg/L BA under continuous light. Multiple shoots were proliferated with low frequency (about 30%) from those adventitious shootderived calli. Also, shoots initiated directly from the adventitious shoot explants without callus formation at high frequency of 52% when cultured on N6 medium containing 0.1 mg/L NAA and 1.0 mg/L BA in D. gratianopol. Multiple shoots and plantlets grew well and rooted on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L NAA. Regenerants with well-developed roots were transferred to 8-cm pots containing vermiculite at 85% relative humidity and 27$^{\circ}C$ These plantlets were acclimatized in artificial soil mixture and transferred to the greenhouse for flowering with normal phenotypes. M28 Mutant line was selected with white flowers from 0.03M EMS-treated organogenic calli derived from in vitro adventitious shoot explants of D. chinensis and set seeds.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.483-488
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• 2011

Cacalia firma recently has been used increasingly as leaf vegetables but endangered in natural forest. In this work, we established the plant regeneration via adventitious shoot formation from petiole segments of seedling and in vitro plantlets. Wounding of seed coats and $GA_3$ treatments were effective to induce in vitro germination of seeds, whereas, seed did not germinate at all without these treatment. When cotyledon, leaf, petiole, and root segments of seedling were cultured on medium with 2 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ benzyl adenine (BA) and 0.5 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), petiole segments showed highest number of shoots per explant among the other segments. Among the various kinds of cytokinins, BA, isopentyl adenine (2-ip), kinetin, zeatin, thidiazuron (TDZ), TDZ and BA treatments were effective to induce high frequency of adventitious shoot formation from petiole segments of in vitro propagated plants. NAA stimulated the frequency of adventitious shoot formation but not for number of adventitious shoots per explants compared to TDZ or BA treatment alone. Most of adventitious shoots were developed directly from surfaces of explants. Adventitious shoots were transferred on medium with IBA for root formation, thereafter the plantlets were successfully transferred to soil.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.154-160
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• 2005

To establish rapid micropropagation through organogenesis from apices-derived callus or direct adventitious shoot of three calla lily cultivars(Zantedeschia spp, cv. Sunlight, cv. Chiante, cv. Pink Persuation) were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with different plant growth regulators. The formation rate of callus, organogenesis and in viかo tuber production among the three cultivars were tested. Callus was obtained from cvs. Sunlight, Chiante and Pink Persuasion; the best cultivar was Sunlight. Sunlight induced $53.3\%$ callus and Chiante had the highest rate of $56.7\%$ direct shoot regeneration on medium with 2.0 mg/L BA. Regeneration frequencies ranged from 20 to $70\%$ on medium with 2.0-3.0 mg/L BA. The highest percentage of regeneration and the greatest number of shoots were obtained on medium containing 3.0 mg/L BA in three cultivars. Cytokinins induced multiple shoot formation; 1.0 mg/L of 2ip, 5.0 mg/L of BA, and 1.0 m/L of BA induced 16, 14 and 12 multiple shoots in cvs. Sunlight, Chiante and Pink Persuasion, respectivly. 1.0 mg/L of IAA enhanced root growth in cvs. Sunlight and Chiante while cv. Pink Persuasion exhibited enhanced root growth at 2.0 mg/L of IBA. NAA, however, induced no change in root growth. The addition of 90 g/L sucrose enhanced in vitro tuber formation and following tuber expansion in cv. Sunlight, while 70 g/L of sucrose was effective in cvs. Chiante and Pink Persuasion.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 2004

A successful, efficient system for multiple shoot induction and plant regeneration of soybean (Glycine max) was established. Four soybean genotypes were compared for organogenic responses on various media cultured under light conditions. The adventitious shoots (98%, 2.6 shoots/cotyledon) directly from one-day-old cotyledon after germination induced by the hormone treatment and its efficiency was higher than any other conditions. The optimal medium for the induction of multiple shoots from cotyledon in Pungsannamulkong(shoot formation rate, 98%), Lx 16 (83%) and IIpumgeomjeongkong(63%) was MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP, but for Alchankong(75%), MS medium supplemented with 1mg/L zeatin and 1mg/L IAA, 3% sucrose, 4% Phytagel. Higher root induction (88%) was observed from the shoots placed on rooting medium (hormone-free MS basal). Plantlets were transferred onto the same medium supplemented with 1% activated charcoal for further development. With this treatment, regenerated plantlets were obtained within 7-8 weeks (shoot induction for 4 weeks, rooting and shoot elongation for 3-4 weeks).

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.267-272
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• 2005

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants were regenerated via organogenesis from mature embryonic axes, cultured on MS medium supplemented with ildole-3-ecetic acid (IAA) and thidiazuron (TDZ) for one week in the dark. Embryonic axillary regions were excised, longitudinally cut to split the both sides, and cultured for two weeks on MS medium supplemented with IAA and TDZ. The combination 0.5 mg $l^{-1}$ TDZ/0.5 mg $l^{-1}$ IAA presented the higher efficiency in shoot regeneration and the combination 0.5 mg $l^{-1}$ TDZ/0.25 mg $l^{-1}$ IAA presented the higher efficiency in conversion of shoots to plants. Regenerating explants were transferred to MS medium containing 1 mg $l^{-1}$ BAP for shoot development. All elongated shoots were rooted in vitro, presented normal phenotype and produced viable seeds. Histological analysis confirmed the mode of regeneration as de novo shoot organogenesis.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.94-100
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• 2013

An efficient plant regeneration protocol is developed for a standard-type chrysanthemum. When petal segments derived from flower buds (4 or 8cm in diameter) were used as the culture material, the highest shoot regeneration frequency (96%) was obtained on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L IAA, 2 mg/L BA, 3% sucrose, and a 0.8% agar. Pre-culturing the explants under dark conditions for 14 days produced better results for the shoot regeneration frequency than the explants cultured under a continuous 16 h photoperiod ($40{\mu}molm^{-2}s^{-1}$). The shoot regeneration frequency ranged from 19.0% for the Shinmato cultivar to 89.1% for the Baeksun cultivar. Activated charcoal (0.2%) enhanced the root formation of the regenerated shoots in a hormone-free MS medium. The rooted plantlets were acclimatized and successfully established in a greenhouse.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2003

The effect of sodium sulphate on shoot induction and multiple shoot formation from nodal explants of Vitex negundo L. was tested on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium fortified with different auxins, cytokinins and sucrose. Highest percentage $(97.78\%)$ of explants for shoot induction and multiple shoot (20.68/explant) production were observed in the combination treatment of $N^6-Benzyl$ adenine (BA) $(17.80\;{\mu}M/L)$, ${\alpha}-Naphthalene$ acetic acid (NAA) $(2.15\;{\mu}M/L)$ and $5\%$ sucrose supplemented with 100 mg/L sodium sulphate. In vitro raised shoots were rooted on the half-strength MS medium fortified with different concentrations of NAA, Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) alone and in combinations. Among the treatments, $4.90\;{\mu}M/L$ of IBA was found most effective $(95.56\%)$ in inducing roots. The rooted plantlets were shifted to glasshouse for acclimatization and later transferred to the field with cent percent survival. Furthermore, in vitro flowering was observed in the shoots cultured on MS medium supplemented with BA $(8.90\;{mu}M/L)$ and NAA $(1.61\;{\mu}M/L)$.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2003

Corm apical meristem cultures of thirteen glasshouse freesia cultivars were tested to investigate the possibility of micropropagation using MS basal medium supplemented with 2,4-D, NAA(0.1, 0.5, 1.0mg/L, respectively) and BA (0.5∼2.0mg/L). The majority of the tested cultivars could be induced callus and shoot buds in all culture condition. The combinations of NAA and BA appeared superior to that of 2,4-D and BA depending on cultivars for callus induction and shoot formation. Among the cultivars, 'Golden Yellow' showed the highest regeneration capacity on MS media with 0.5mg/L NAA and 1.0 mg/L BA. The highest percentage of regeneration and the greatest number of shoot from calli were obtained through successive subculture on MS medium supplimented with 0.5mg/L BA. In that condition, more than 60 ％ shoot regeneration and average of 25.1 shoots per explant was achieved. Transformed shoots on half-strength MS medium without plant growth regulators rooted easily.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.265-272
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate the efficient propagation method of Cyrtomium caryoptideum var. coreanum by sporophyte culture. The influence of origin of explant sources (rhizome, blade, or stipe) and homogenization of culture materials on shoot regeneration were investigated. As a result, only rhizome explant exhibited the organogenic capacity and the shoot regeneration was promoted by homogenization of culture material. Vigorous and excellent growth of multiple shoots was induced on the half-strength of inorganic salts containing MS medium. It was appeared that optimum nitrogen content of shoot regeneration was half-strength of nitrogen containing MS medium (30mM) and optimum sucrose concentration was 1%. Addition of $NaH_2PO_4$ to culture medium generally enhanced shoot multiplication and promoted growth of the regenerants. The organogenic capacity of homogenized rhizomes was especially promoted on medium supplemented with $5{\mu}M$ kinetin plus $5{\mu}M$ IBA. The incorporation of $0.1\sim0.2%$ activated charcoal on medium supplemented with growth regulators prevented the formation of multiple bud primordia - nodule-like bud clusters and improved the normal morphogenesis of sporophytes.