• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.373-379
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• 2007

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of used color and tone on harmony perception by applying contrast coloration of shirt and necktie. This experiment designed by shirt color(red, blue, purple, green), tie color(green or blue tie with red shirt, yellow or red tie with blue shirt, yellow or green tie with purple shirt, purple or red tie with green shirt), shirt tone(vivid, light, dull, dark), tie tone(vivid, light, dull, dark), and perceiver gender(a male, a female). The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimulus and response scales, we harmonized those colors of shirts and neckties contrast, then made shirt and necktie tone differently. The subjects of this research were 640 male and 640 female college students. The data was analyzed by using SPS program. Shirt color, tie color, shirt tone, tie tone, perceiver gender influenced on harmony perception independently. Shirt color and tie color, shirt color and shirt tone, shirt color and perceiver gender, tie color and tie tone, tie color and perceiver gender, shirt tone and tie tone influenced on the harmony perception by interaction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.6 s.115
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• pp.32-45
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• 2007

Among 96 color combination stimuli, male students evaluated 47 set as harmonized, but female students evaluated 32 set, so proved that male's range of harmony more extensive than that of female. Specially red shirt and yellow red necktie in all tone was evaluated as harmonized coloration by both male and female students. Female evaluated as the best harmonious coloration that red shirt-yellow necktie in dark, blue shirt-yellow necktie in dark, purple shirt-red necktie in light, green shirt-blue necktie in dull, and male evaluated red shirt-yellow red necktie in light, blue shirt-yellow necktie in light, purple shirt-red necktie in light, green shirt-yellow necktie in dark. It is significant difference between female and male on red-green in vivid, and blue-purple in vivid, blue-blue in dull, blue-yellow in dark, and purple-purple in dull. And shirt color and necktie color, necktie color and tone, tone and perceiver' gender influenced on the harmony evaluation by interaction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.131-140
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• 2004

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of the color of jacket. dress shirt, necktie. and perceiver's gender on image perceptions of male, and to examine how clothing color preferences varies according to perceiver's gender and age. The stimuli of 8 pictures of male and the semantic differential scale were used to evaluate image perception. Subjects were 192 males and females in Seoul. The colors of jacket gave significant influences on perception of potency. elegance, preference, and manliness. The colors of dress shirt gave a significant influence on perception of manliness, the necktie's colors gave influences on elegance and visibility. Perceiver's gender did not give significant influences on the image perception. Visibility had an interaction effect by the colors of jacket and dress shirt. Potency and preference evaluation had interaction effects by the colors of jacket. dress shirt. and necktie. White dress shirt had positive effects on the perception of potency and preference in the case of matching with dark blue jacket and red necktie, and blue shirt had a positive effect on the perception of potency and preference in matching with dark blue jacket and blue necktie. The preference of dark grey suit and black shirt showed significant differences according to gender. Dark blue suit, white shirt, and blue shirt had significant differences according to the age group.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.1007-1019
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of achromatic shirt and chromatic tie combination on image of menswear. This experiment was designed by shirt color(N9, N7, N4, N2), tie color(red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple), tie tone(vivid, light, dull, dark), and perceiver gender(a male, a female). The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimulus and response scales. The stimuli were 96 upper body photographs and 26 7-point bi-polar adjectives were used to evaluate the image. The subjects of this research were 480 male and 480 female college students. The data was analyzed by using SPSS program. Analysis methods were four-way ANOVA. The items of the adjectives were classified into 4 image factor: potency, activity, attractiveness, and visibility. Shirt color, tie color, tie tone influenced on the 4 image dimension greatly by interaction as well as independently. Dull or dark tone tie had an effect on the formation of potency image. And white color shirt, vivid or light tone tie had an effect on the formation of activity image. White or black shirt had a positive effect on attractiveness, and black shirt or vivid tone tie was effective for visible image.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between color preference and personality traits & personal factor among secondary school girls. Personality traits were measured. with Lee et al's Personality Scale. The questioniare measuring color preference consists of items designed to assess color and clothing color(T-shirt and slacks) preference and color repugnance. These questionaire were administerd to 576 middle and high school girls in Chungbuk Province. As statistical analysis, chi-square, F-test and correlation were used. The result were; 1. The order of prefered colors were white, yellow and green, and the order of repugnated colors were gray, red and red purple. 2. Personality traits was no signifcant related to color perference and repugnance. 3. Color perference was positively related to age, residential area and type of school. Color repugnance was positively related to age, residential area, type of school and educational background of mother. 4. Yellow red, yellow and white T-shirt were prefered in spring and autumn, white and blue T-shirt were prefered in summer, and black, gray and red T-shirt were prefered in winter. White and blue slacks were prefered in spring, summer and autumn seasons, and black, gray and blue slacks were prefered in winter. 5. There was a positive relationship between color perference and T-shirt color, but was no positive relationship between color perference and slacks color.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.29-37
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of bodyshape and clothing color on boy's impression. The subjects were composed of 480 elementary students, 11-12 years old. The stimuli were consisted of 12 color photographs by using CAD system that was different in the bodyshape, the clothing color and the level of contained color each other. The subjects reported the stimuli's pression on the questionnaires. The image of the stimuli were emerged 5 differented dimensions ; attractiveness, evaluation, potency, bodyshape, visibility. The boy's impressions of normal bodyshape were more attractive, positive evaluation and thin than obese bodyshape. The boy's impressions who was dressed in pink color shirt were thin than blue color. The boy's impressions were positive evaluation when he was dressed in shirt with pink or blue color in collar and cuffs and the whole. The boy's impression of normal bodyshape wearing blue color shirt was the most attractive but the boy's impression of obese bodyshape wearing pink color shirt was not charm. The boy's evaluation who was normal bodyshape wearing pink color shirt was the most positive and the most thin.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.7 s.155
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• pp.1012-1024
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of color, shirt tone, tie tone, perceiver's gender on impression formation by applying tone on tone coloration of shirt and necktie: coloration of two colors. The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimulus and response scales. The stimuli were 32 upper body photographs which were color outputs by CAD system(4D-box program). We unified those colors of shirts and neckties same, then made shirt and necktie tone differently. 27 bi-polar adjectives, each of which was graded into seven in its degree, were used to evaluate the impression. The subjects of this research were 192 male and 192 female college students in Gyeongnam province including Jinju City. The data was analyzed by using SPSS program. Analysis methods were four-way ANOVA. The items of the adjectives were classified into 5 impression dimension. - potency, activity, attractiveness, visibility and tenderness. Color, shirt tone, tie tone, and perceiver gender influenced on 5 impression formation by interaction as well as independently. Blue tie with vivid, light or dull tone had an effect on the formation of potency impression, vivid or light tone of shirt affected activity regardless of color or tie tone. As shirt and tie had different tone, effect on the formation of attractiveness impression, light tone had a negative effect on visibility but positive effect on tenderness. red color were more effective than blue expressed on visibility and tenderness in shirt or tie.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.138-144
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• 2007

The purpose of this research was to compare the harmony of tone on tone coloration according to transformation of color area-ratio in shirt and necktie. The respondents were asked to evaluate 48 stimuli of the shirt and necktie with the coloration of the shirt/necktie, the necktie/shirt was separately compounded to be 4 tones such as vivid, light, dull, dark. The subjects were 288 female undergraduate students. The data was analyzed by using SPSS program. Analysis methods were ANOVA, LSD test and t-test. The results of each can be summerized as follows. As to the red, combination of v-lt made a difference in the harmony of coloration according to the transformation of color area-ratio. As to the blue, combination of v-lt, v-dk, lt-d made a difference in the harmony of coloration according to the transformation of color area-ratio. As to the purple, v-lt, v-d was evaluated as harmonized coloration regardless of area-ratio by both male and female students. As to the green, v-lt, lt-d was evaluated as harmonized coloration regardless of area-ratio by both male and female students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.111-122
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of clothing coloring and type of pants/skirt as clothing cues on impression of college female students. The experimental materials developed for this study are a set of stimuli and response scales. Thirty two color pictures of various combinations of colors for shirt, and colors and type of pants/skirt were manipulated on computer drawing. For visual evaluation of women's casual wears about colors and type, 7-point scales were designed. The subjects consist of 192 female and male undergraduate students in Chinju city. The results of this study can be summaried as follow: As analyzing the impression of female figure by the color of shirt and the color and type of pants/skirt, five factors including appearance valuation, concentration of attention, clearness, stability, and activity were found to be important. Color of shirt have significant effects on appearance valuation, concentration of attention, clearness, stability, and activity. Color of pants and shirt also have significant effects on all five factors. Especially, they strongest predictors for stability and activity. Type of pants/skirt significantly effects on concentration of attention and activity. In the effects of interactions between each variable, the combination of pants colors and type of pants/skirt had significant effects on appearance valuation, stability factors. Also shirt and pants colors had an significant effects on appearance valuation, stability, and activity. But in the impression formation of concentration of attention and clearness, only the combination of shirt colors and pants forms was more significant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.1297-1309
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of shirt color, tie color, tone, perceiver' gender on impression formation by applying tone-in-tone coloration of shirt and necktie: coloration of two colors. This experiment was designed to utilize the $2{\times}6{\times}4{\times}2$ factorial designs. and they are shirt color(red, blue), tie color(red, yellow red, yellow, green, blue, purple), tone(vivid, light, dull, dark), and perceiver' gender(a male, a female). The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimulus and response scales. The stimuli were 48 upper body photographs which were color outputs by CAD system(4D-box program). The subjects of this research were 288 male and 288 female college students. There were established impression dimension from factor analysis 27 bi-polar adjectives and investigated the effect of interaction between each variable affected impression formations. The items of the adjectives are classified into 4 Impression dimensions: activity, potency, attractiveness, and tenderness. Shirt color, tie color, tone, and perceiver' gender influenced on impression formation. Specially, tie color and tone influenced on the 4 impression dimension greatly by interaction as well as independently. As a result tie is very important clue of impression formation in tone-in-tone coloration of shirt and necktie. Even though tie occupies only a small area in men's clothes it has great effect since it is close to the face.