• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

The knowledge on the etiology of breast cancer has advanced substantially in recent years, and several etiological factors are now firmly established. However, very few new discoveries have been made in relation to occupational risk factors. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has evaluated over 900 different exposures or agents to-date to determine whether they are carcinogenic to humans. These evaluations are published as a series of Monographs (www.iarc.fr). For breast cancer the following substances have been classified as "carcinogenic to humans" (Group 1): alcoholic beverages, exposure to diethylstilbestrol, estrogen-progestogen contraceptives, estrogen-progestogen hormone replacement therapy and exposure to X-radiation and gamma-radiation (in special populations such as atomic bomb survivors, medical patients, and in-utero exposure). Ethylene oxide is also classified as a Group 1 carcinogen, although the evidence for carcinogenicity in epidemiologic studies, and specifically for the human breast, is limited. The classification "probably carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2A) includes estrogen hormone replacement therapy, tobacco smoking, and shift work involving circadian disruption, including work as a flight attendant. If the association between shift work and breast cancer, the most common female cancer, is confirmed, shift work could become the leading cause of occupational cancer in women.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.58-67
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sleep disorders, job satisfaction, health promotion behavior, quality of life, turnover intention. And also to find the predicting factors on turnover intention of shift and non-shift nurses. A descriptive study design was used. Study subjects were 239 nurses worked as a shift (167) and non-shift (72) in two general hospitals in P city. Turnover Intent, Sleep disorders, Job satisfaction, practicing health promotion profile and quality of life scales were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficient for find the relationship between study variables. Stepwise multiple regressions used to find predicting factors of turnover intention with other variables. The shift group showed lower Job satisfaction, practice of health promotion behavior and intention of turnover than non-shift nurses. The most important predictive factors of turnover intention in of shift group was job satisfaction (β =-. 477, p <.001) and non-shift group was health promotion behavior (β =-. 295, p = .040) than other factors. Findings showed that turnover intention highly influenced by job satisfaction than health promoting behavior and quality of life. This study suggests organizational efforts to provide sufficient staffing and nurse managersshould make more concentration to allot work schedule in order to avoid over load shift nurses and promote quality of client care.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 2014

Objectives : Shift work disorder occurs when you have difficulties adjusting to a work schedule that takes place during a time which most people sleep. Some people may have diverse psychosomatic symptoms, such as sleep problems, depression, anxiety, and headaches even after the shift work schedule ends. The aims of this study are to compare difference of psychosomatic symptoms between rotating shift and daytime working nurse groups. Methods : Volunteer nurses working in a general hospital were recruited in a general hospital. We collected sociodemographic data. We used questionnaires for headache type, headache frequency, and VAS(Visual Analog Scale) for headache intensity, BDI(Beck depression Inventory) and GSAQ(Global Sleep Assessment Questionnaire). We used Mann-Whitney test and Chi-square test for hypothesis testing. Results : Data collected from 84 women nurses. Rotating shift(N=37) working nurses showed younger, more unmarried, and shorter work periods than daytime working nurses (N=47). Also rotating shift group showed more problems of headache, insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, depression and anxiety than daytime group. The above results were statistically significant. Conclusions : The rotating shift work women nurses produced more headache, insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, depression, and anxiety than daytime working ones.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.170-177
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine effectiveness of 12-hour shifts for nurses compared to 8-hour shifts for the variables: Work-Life Balance, fatigue and work errors. Methods: In 2014, an opportunity to choose a 12-hour shift duty was given to a group of 8-hour shift nurses. In 2016, two years after this change, this study was done to compare the two groups. Data were collected using questionnaires. Data were sampled by a matching method with propensity score matching (PSM). The participants were 128 nurses: 64 nurses on 12-hour shifts and 64 nurses on 8-hour shifts. The comparison was analyzed using $x^2$ test, t-test. Results: The nurses on 12-hour shifts showed higher scores for Work-Life Balance (3.37) than the groups on 8-hour shifts (2.99)(p=.018) whereas were no statistical differences between the groups for fatigue (p=.132) or work errors (p=.703). Conclusion: The Work-Life Balance scores for nurses who chose the 12-hour shift shows an enhancement without an increase in fatigue or work errors.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.306-315
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the effects of caffeine intake by shift workers on sleep, considering various variable related to the sleep health of shift workers. Methods: A descriptive survey study was conducted with 128 employees who worked shifts. Respondents were surveyed on their of caffeine intake behavior, schedule type, quality of sleep, health promotion behavior, and occupational stress. Differences in their quality of sleep were assessed using the t-test and analysis of variance, while factors influencing the effect of caffeine intake on the quality of sleep were analyzed using hierarchical logistic regression. Results: The average Pittsburgh Sleep Index, Korean Version score of those surveyed was 7.3±3.25, indicating that their quality of sleep was low. On the other hand, their aveage daily intake of caffeine was 1.6±0.99 cups (1 cup =150 mL) and 116.4±77.58 mg/dL of caffeine. When the various variables that could have affected the quality of sleep were corrected, an increase in the amount of caffeine consumed was found to lead to a decrease in the quality of sleep (p=.015). Conclusion: Caffeine intake by shift workers has a significant bearing on their quality of sleep; therefore, such intake should be adjusted to improve their sleep health.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2020

Purpose : The aim of this study was to compare shift satisfaction, sleep, fatigue, quality of life (QOL), and patient safety incidents between a newly implemented two-shift system and a traditional three-shift system. Methods : A total of 127 intensive care unit nurses (48 two-shift nurses and 79 three-shift nurses) working in a tertiary hospital in Seoul were recruited from January 1, 2017, to March 31, 2017. They completed a self-reported questionnaire about their work hours, shift satisfaction, sleep patterns, sleep quality, fatigue, QOL, and patient safety incidents in the past 2 weeks. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Results : The two-shift group showed higher shift satisfaction scores compared with the three-shift group (6.93 vs. 4.37, p<.001). Sleep latency was shorter and sleep quality was better in the two-shift group compared with the three-shift group. There were no significant differences in other sleep parameters, fatigue, QOL, and patient safety incidents between the two groups. Conclusion : Although a two-shift system did not improve nurses' fatigue or QOL in this study, it may effectively serve as an alternative shift-work system that can increase sleep quality and shift satisfaction without increasing patient safety incidents.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.197-204
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• 2002

Objectives : To evaluate the association between working conditions and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Korea. Methods : We obtained data on health history, lifestyle, housework and Working conditions, such as shift work, hours standing, working time, job demand, lifting at work and at home, between August and September 2000, from self-reported questionnaires. A group of 344, occupationally active, pregnant women from 51 industries were studied. Of the women studied, 328 women were further interviewed by telephone between November 2000 and September 2001. Result : Compared with daytime work, shift work increased the risk for preform birth (an adjusted risk ratio of 2.74, 95% CI=1.02-2.62) and low birth weight (an adjusted risk ratio of 2.74,95% CI=1.02-2.02). A significantly increased risk was found for prolonged standing, with an adjusted risk ratio of preform births of 6.80 (95% CI=2.01-23.0). There were no significant differences in the incidence of spontaneous abortion between the occupational working conditions, with the enception of a previous history of spontaneous abortion. Conclusion : These findings suggest that maternal working conditions, such as shift work and prolonged standing, contribute significantly to preterm birth and low birth weight.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.15-25
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• 2023

Purpose: This study describes the associations between shift work factors, workplace violence bystander types, and the missed nursing care of hospital nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among hospital nurses using structured questionnaires related to shift work factors, workplace violence bystander types, and missed nursing care. The study participants were 199 nurses caring for adult patients and working in two tertiary hospitals. Results: The missed nursing care of the participants showed a statistically significant positive correlation with the facilitating bystander (r=.40, p<.001) and abdicating bystander (r=.28, p<.001) among the workplace violence bystander types. However, rest time during duty showed a significant negative correlation (r=-.16, p=.026). A regression model with control variables (department and clinical career), shift work factors, and workplace violence bystander types explained approximately 25% of missed nursing care of the study participants. Further, the facilitating bystander type influenced the missed nursing care of hospital nurses. Conclusion: As a result of examining the associations between shift work factors, workplace violence bystander types, and missed nursing care of hospital nurses, it was confirmed that missed nursing care was influenced by the facilitating bystander type. It is necessary to improve the nursing culture within the department so that nurses do not behave as negative bystanders to workplace violence.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.227-236
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the sleep duration, social jetlag (SJL), and subjective sleep disturbance according to the individual chronotype in rotating shift nurses. Methods: A total of 344 rotating 3-shift nurses (mean age 28.67 years) were recruited at one university affiliated hospital. They completed the following questionnaires, which were used to assess their chronotype and sleep: the morningness-eveningness questionnaire (MEQ), self-reported sleep duration of work days (SDW_shift) and free days (SDF_shift) in each shift (day [D], evening [E], night [N]), and sleep disturbance (Insomnia severity index, ISI). SJL_shift was calculated as the difference in midsleep (MS=sleep onset+1/2 sleep duration) between work days (MSW) and free days (MSF). Results: Subjects were divided into 3 chronotype groups according to the MEQ; morning (MG, 4.4%) intermediate (IG, 57.8%), and evening groups (EG, 37.8%). SDW_D was shortest (4.68 hr) and SDF_E was longest (8.93 hr) in the EG. SJL_D was longest in the EG (3.77 hr), and SJL_N was longest in the MG (7.37 hr). The prevalence of sleep disturbance was 33.3% (MG), 29.6% (IG), and 40.0% (EG), respectively, without any statistical significance. Conclusion: In order to improve the sleep of shift workers, it is recommended that the evening chronotypes should reduce the day shifts and the morning chronotypes should reduce the night shifts. We also propose a study to determine whether these shift assignments can improve the sleep in shift nurses.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2007

This paper describes the optimization of maintenance workforce scheduling at Afam power station in Nigeria. The objective is to determine the optimum schedule to satisfy growing maintenance labour requirements with minimum cost and highest efficiency. Three alternative maintenance workforce schedules are compared. The first alternative is to continue with the traditional five-day workweek schedule currently being practiced by Afam power station maintenance line. The second alternative is to switch to a seven-day workweek schedule for the morning shift only. The third alternative is to use a seven-day workweek schedule for all three work shifts. The third alternative is chosen, as it is expected to save 11% of the maintenance labour cost.