• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.261-266
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• 2015

We have analyzed the external morphology and the environment of the foraging site of Vespertilio sinensis. The external morphology was analyzed by twelve parameters and the environment characteristics of the foraging site was analyzed using GIS 10.1 program. The wing membrane was inserted into the ankle of the hind foot and the wing ratio was 1.42, the middle type between broad-short wing type and long-narrow wing type. The fur color was blackish brown but the guard hair color was whitish. The shape of the ear was a rounded triangle and tragus was a fan shape. This study showed that V. sinensis preferred the deciduous forest of the upper forest zone, where human interference was less. We believed that abundance of insects, depending on water system, was closely related to the use of the foraging site. This result showed that the environment characteristics was very similar to the nature preservation zone including Baekyang valley and Keumsun valley in Naejangsan National Park.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.162-169
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• 2008

필름 복원은 오래된 필름에서 손상된 영역을 검출하고 복원하는 것으로 최근 고화질의 멀티미디어 서비스에 대한 요구가 급증함에 따라 많은 연구자들로부터 관심을 받고 있다. 여러 손상요인 중 가장 빈번하게 나타나는 요인은 스크래치다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 모든 종류의 스크래치를 검출하고 이를 복원함으로써 자동으로 스크래치를 제거할 수 있는 시스템을 제안한다. 제안한 시스템은 다양한 종류의 스크래치를 제거하기 위하여 스크래치의 공간 정보를 이용한다.: 1) 스크래치는 주변 화소에 비해 밝거나 어두운 밝기 값을 가진다. 2) 대부분의 스크래치는 세로의 가늘고 긴 직선 형태로 나타난다. 제안한 시스템은 스크래치 검출과 스크래치 복원으로 구성된다. 다양한 종류의 스크래치들은 신경망 기반의 텍스처 분류기와 모폴로지 기반의 형태필터링을 통해 검출되며, 검출된 손상 영역은 양선형 보간법을 이용하여 복원된다. 제안한 방법의 효율성을 검증하기 위하여 모든 종류의 스크래치에 대해 실험하였고, 실험 결과는 제안된 방법이 다양한 종류의 스크래치를 강건하고 효율적으로 제거할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.67-75
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• 1999

The use of composite restorative materials is established due to continuing improvements in the materials and restorative techniques. Composite resins are widely used for the restoration of cervical lesions because of esthetics, good physical properties and working time. There are several types of cavity design for class V composite resin filling, but inappropriate cavity form may affect bonding failure, microleakage and fracture during mastication. Cavity preparations for composite materials should be as conservative as possible. The extent of the preparation is usually determined by the size, shape, and location of the defect. The design of the cavity preparation to receive a composite restoration may vary depending on several factors. In this study, 5 types of class V cavity were prepared on each maxillary central incisor. The types are; 1) V-shape, 2) round(U) shape, 3) box form, 4) box form with incisal bevel and 5) box form with incisal bevel and grooves for axial line angles. After restoration, in order to observe the concentration of stress at bonding surfaces of teeth and restorations, developing a 2-dimensional finite element model of labiopalatal section in tooth, surrounding bone, periodontal ligament and gingiva, based on the measurements by Wheeler, loading force from direction of 45 degrees from lingual side near the incisal edge was applied. This study analysed Von Mises stress with SuperSap finite element analysis program(Algor Interactive System, Inc.). The results were as follows : 1. Stress concentration was prevalent at tooth-resin bonding surface of cervical side on each model. 2. In model 2 without line angle, stress was distributed evenly. 3. Preparing bevel eliminated stress concentration much or less at line angle. 4. Model with round-shape distributed stress concentration more evenly than box-type model with sharp line angle, therefore decreased possibility of fracture. 5. Adding grooves to line angles had no effect of decreasing stress concentration to the area.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.34-38
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• 2019

Background Acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) have recently become widely used in breast reconstruction, but the correlation between the final expander volume and the surface area of the ADM is not well understood. In this study, the expansion of the surface area of ADM and the expander volume was studied retrospectively in cases of acellular dermis-assisted tissue expander breast reconstruction. Methods Twenty cases of immediate breast reconstruction using an ADM-assisted tissue expander from January 2015 to December 2015 were evaluated. In all 20 cases, CGCryoDerm was used as the matrix, with a thickness of 1-3 mm. No slit incisions were made. Finally, the proportional increase in the area of the fully expanded ADM was compared to that of the tissue expander volume. Results The proportional increase in the ADM surface area was calculated to be from 1.1 to 2.46, with a mean value of 1.7. Additionally, under the assumption that the expander had a spherical shape, the increase in its radius (the cube root of its volume) was assessed. The range of the proportional increase in the expander radius was 1.1 to 2.24, with a mean value of 1.66. The proportional increase in the radius of the expanded ADM surface area ranged from 1.04 to 1.34, with a mean ratio of 1.28. Conclusions The results of this study confirmed that the ADM expanded when the tissue expander was inflated. However, the ADM expanded to a lesser extent than the tissue expander, indicating that the muscle and other tissues expanded more than the ADM when the tissue expander was inflated.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2086-2097
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• 2021

The current cultural assets are being restored depending on the opinions of experts (craftsmen). We intend to introduce digitalized artificial intelligence techniques, excluding the personal opinions of experts on reconstruction of such cultural properties. The first step toward restoring digitized cultural properties is separation. The restoration of cultural properties should be reorganized based on recorded documents, period historical backgrounds and regional characteristics. The cultural properties in the form of photographs or images should be collected by separating the background. In addition, when restoring cultural properties most of them depend a lot on the tendency of the restoring person workers. As a result, it often occurs when there is a problem in the accuracy and reliability of restoration of cultural properties. In this study, we propose a search method for learning stored digital cultural assets using AI technology. Pagoda was selected for restoration of Cultural Properties. Pagoda data collection was collected through the Internet and various historical records. The pagoda data was classified by period and region, and grouped into similar buildings. The collected data was learned by applying the well-known CNN algorithm for artificial intelligence learning. The pagoda search used Yolo Marker to mark the tower shape. The tower was used a total of about 100-10,000 pagoda data. In conclusion, it was confirmed that the probability of searching for a tower differs according to the number of pagoda pictures and the number of learning iterations. Finally, it was confirmed that the number of 500 towers and the epochs in training of 8000 times were good. If the test result exceeds 8,000 times, it becomes overfitting. All so, I found a phenomenon that the recognition rate drops when the enemy repeatedly learns more than 8,000 times. As a result of this study, it is believed that it will be helpful in data gathering to increase the accuracy of tower restoration.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제35권
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• pp.55-58
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• 2015

Natural shifting of rivers has been disturbed by anthropological activities. Urbanization in Kathmandu has been encroached the natural floodplain of Bagmati and currently channeled by training walls. The study compares the change in shape of Dhobikhola, a small tributary using 1966 and 2014 satellite images. It has been found that the original shape is heavily changed over time at the beginning and end section of river under study. The river width is now fixed by training walls and roads along the banks. Using multiple data sets like satellite images and GIS analysis, these shifts can be easily detected to plan for management and restoration of physical and ecological behaviors of rivers.

• 전자공학회논문지C
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• 제34C권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 1997

By using a selective learnable self-organizing feature map(SOFM) a more practical and generalized mehtod is proposed in which the effective nonlinear shape restoration is possible regardless of the existence of the distortion modelss. Nonlinear mapping relation is extracted from the distorted imate by using the proposed selective learning SOFGM which has the special property of effectively creating spatially organized internal representations and nonlinear relations of various input signals. For the exact extraction of the mapping relations between the distorted image and the original one, we define a disparity index as a proximal nmeasure of the present state to the final idealy trained state of the SOFM, and we used this index to adjust the training of the mapping relations form the weights of the SOFM. Simulations are conducted on various kinds of distorted images with or without distortion models, and the results show that the proposed method is very efficeint very efficient and practical in nonlinear shape restorations.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2014

This text was analyzed and investigated the morphological character, production time and germination characteristic of seed that collect in Chungnam, in order to offer the basic informations for slope restoration and revegetation using Indigofera amblyantha of wild shrub. Legume was cylindrical type and length 31.5mm, width 2.5mm, and seed number of per legume was full ripe 5.5, unripe 0.9. Seed was elliptical type and length 2.4mm, width 1.7mm, and weight of 1,000 seeds was 5.9g. Because seed matured within December and next year January, optimum time of seed production was in mid of January. In the treatment $H_2SO_4$ of 15 minutes, seed germination rate was the highest as 91.0%, and seed germination time (days) was the shortest as 6.7 days. Seed germination time by temperature was the shortest from $25^{\circ}C$. Therefore, seed germination of Indigofera amblyantha was very useful in the treatment $H_2SO_4$ of 15 minutes from $25^{\circ}C$ temperature.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.162-167
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• 2006

The urban stream includes the channel and sandbars. The sandbar plays a key role in the riparian ecosystem. For birds and insects the sandbar offers a small strip of habitat and fish and other fauna feed in the boundary of sandbar where eddies occur. So, it is important habitat and source for the flow of energy, matter and organisms through the landscape and act as ecotone between the terrestrial and stream corridors. However, the sandbar changes continuously by the natural process. Thus, it is necessary to measure the shape and area of the sandbar accurately for the efficient urban stream management for the amenity of urban residents and stream protection. The study site is Yangjae Stream where the first natural-style urban stream restoration projected was impelemented by the support of Ministry of Education in Korea. The measurement was taken by the beacon Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) and the data were stored and analyzed using ArcView Geographic Information System (GIS) program. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to measure the change of sandbars in the urban stream after concentrated stormwater during summer.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2016

Intellectual disability is accompanied by a high incidence of congenitally absent teeth and supernumerary teeth, and is observed more frequently than are disorders of location and order during delayed eruption, when accompanied by other symptoms. Furthermore, it is associated with a higher occurrence of dental anomalies such as conical teeth, microdontia, and amelogenesis imperfecta. As it is difficult to obtain adequate cooperation from patients with intellectual disabilities, physical restraint and conscious sedation using medication and general anesthesia can be considered. Reshaping of conical teeth with resin composite may be helpful to rehabilitate patients with oligodontia and a conical tooth shape. Diagnostic wax-up and a silicone matrix formed the basis for the successful reconstruction of the anterior teeth. This case describes the treatment of a patient with intellectual disability who had oligodontia and conical-shaped incisors. Under general anesthesia, the patient was treated using direct composite resin restoration.