• 복식문화연구
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.681-706
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• 2000

This study is intended to understand an implication system and significance in the current community which a body image symbolizes by correlating it with fashion that is on the rise as a principal issue in various fields. For this study, the symbolism of the body image was contemplated in terms of philosophy and art, and then on the basis of it, the symbolism of the body image shown in modern fashion design was analyzed through fashion works. The research results are as follows, 1. The manifestation of sex can be taken as the symbolism of the body image which is expressed in modern fashion design. Recently sexual chaos and vagueness such as homosexuality and bisexuality are expressed through a dress and its ornaments. Though displaying sexual characteristics of male and female as they are exposing a sign or a diagram, decorating a part of body or representing sex in garments, uncertain sex identity in modern society is manifested in dress and its ornaments. It is to deny absoluteness regarding sex and emphasize diversity indwelt in human beings, and after all it shows to pursue the human essence. 2. Another symbolism of the body image is body expression as the human race and an ethnic group. The discriminating situations and the restoration of their status appeared in modern fashion too. Moreover, their cultures and issues came to alter the aesthetic standard of body made from a view of the Western white supremacist. Hereupon, fashion trends like ethnic fashion, Orientalism and African look etc. appear according to this tendency, which represents race and national identity and in addition, which signifies to present transcendental human conception embracing alienated human conception. 3. The symbolism of the body image expressed in a body, and a dress and its ornaments as nature can be considered in terms of the concern on environmental contamination and the respect of echo system. Getting away from reigning over, developing and stamping down nature at their will, the human beings pursue unity with nature, which is described in fashion. They are stressing that natural materials and objects such as animal, plant and soil etc. should activily be introduced into fashion and humans are a communal fate group and should reframe their status in nature at last. 4. The body image shown in a body, a dress and its ornaments as technology is transformed and recreated by modern scientific techniques and medical science to show post human conception namely, forthcoming future human conception as a cyborg which loses individual identity. This presents a perfect future human conception with high level of preternatural power but after all, leaves us a task to seek the meaning of human existence in alienation caused by the loss of human identity and existence. In this manner, the moderns crave for perceiving the identity of a natural human being in the current thoughts tendency of the modern times such as postmodernism, post structuralism, deconstructionism, feminism and so on, which build discussions affecting the art and fashion worlds. The categories, like sexual characteristics indwelt in a human body, racial classifications, the natural environment surrounding human beings and development of science, bring out the importance of the internal and external meaning in today's fashion which a human body contains, and present sew human conception in the coming future society.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.502-512
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identity the relationships among self reported health behaviors, menopausal symptoms, and sexual satisfaction in middle-aged women. Method: The subjects of this study were 155 women from 40 to 60 years. The data was analyzed using SPSS program for frequency, percentage, mean, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results: 1. The mean score of health behaviors was 3.10 out of maximum 4. 2. The mean score of self-reported menopausal symptoms was 1.73 out of maximum 2. 3. The mean score of sexual satisfaction was 2.73 out of maximum 4. 4. Women's degree of menopausal symptoms had negative correlations with the degree of health behaviors(r=-0.437, p<.001) and the degree of sexual satisfaction(r=-0.439, p<.001). The degree of health behaviors had a positive correlation with the degree of sexual satisfaction (r=0.470, p<.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, menopausal symptoms-based complaints by middle-aged women were negatively correlated to health behavior and sexual satisfaction. Therefore, health behavior should be considered when developing nursing strategies for middle-aged women, especially when dealing with menopausal symptoms and sexual satisfaction.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.137-156
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• 1997

Most education materials on sexuality developed in the past 10 years have not been thoroughly evaluated. This study provides results from a content analysis of 5 education materials for primary, middle and high school student. The results of this study were as follows: The Analysis Framework was developed to measure content in the education materials. It was organized into six domains. They are "Human Development", "Relationship", "Personal Skills", "Sexual Behavior", "Sexual Health", "Society and Culture". Each was associated topics and age appropriate developmental guides. The standard for analysis was the developmental guide suggested by the analysis framework. Each education material was assessed for developemtal guidance and its appropriateness for primary, middle and high school students. The total number of "being" responses to each developmental guidance equaled the score the material earned. These scores then were judged as to how well each education materials was comprehensive. 3 of 5 education materials were addressed as less than half the developmental guidline. Certain education materials were less comprehensive than others. I want to know 'Sexuality' covered the fewest developmental guidliness (34.6%). Interstingly, certain domains received much more coverage across all education materials than others. Most education materials provided instruction concerning "Human Development" (62.6%), "Sexual Health" (61.0%). However, topics such as "Personal Skills" (16.2%), "Relationship" (44.1%), "Sexual Behavior" (46.8%), "Society and Culture" (48.6%) were rarely addressed. Three topic, "negotiation", "sexual fantasy", "sexual dysfunction", were never addressed by most of the materials. Because several of the education material contained gender and sexual orientation biases. Certain topics such as "sexual identity and orientation" and "Gender role" were not adequately addressed by most of the material. Unfortunately, the overall findings of this study revealed that most of the education materials were considered insufficient for students. Because this study focused on whether or not the education materials addressed the developmental guidlines, further research is recommended to evaluate and addressed each developmental guidline.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.68-77
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• 2019

본 연구는 간호대학생의 성적 자기주장, 성역할 고정관념 및 동성애에 대한 태도 정도를 확인하고, 간호대학생의 동성애에 대한 태도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하기 위한 연구이다. D광역시에 소재하는 2개 대학교 간호대학생 253명을 대상으로 2019년 4월 11일부터 4월 20일까지 설문조사를 실시하였다. 분석방법은 SPSS/WIN 22.0 프로그램을 이용하여 연구대상자의 일반적 특징, t-test, ANOVA 분석, 상관분석, 다중회귀분석(multiple regression)을 실시하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 성적 자기주장은 평균 평점은 $4.44{\pm}0.37$점, 성 역할 고정관념은 $2.08{\pm}0.58$점, 동성애 태도는 $2.75{\pm}0.37$점로 나타났다. 일반적 특성에 따른 동성애 태도는 종교(F=13.32, p<.000), 종교생활(F=20.43, p<.000), 부모님의 양육태도(F=2.74, p<.044)가 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 대상자의 성적 자기주장과 동성애의 태도(r=-0.13, p=.034)는 유의한 음의 상관관계가 있으며, 성역할 고정관념과 동성애의 태도(r=0.24, p<.000)는 유의한 양의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 대상자의 종교, 종교생활, 성역할 고정관념이 동성애 태도에 유의한 영향요인으로 나타났으며, 영향요인의 설명력은 23.1%로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 토대로 간호대학생의 동성애 태도와 관련된 중재전략이 필요하고, 건강한 성 정체성을 위한 실천 방안과 교육 프로그램 개발이 필요할 것이다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.674-682
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• 2014

마르크스 철학에 있어서 인격 개념은 '사회적 제 관계를 기반으로 한 활동성'으로 규정될 수 있다. 이 개념을 여성과 남성의 성정체성의 차이 문제에 적용시켜보면 두 가지 중요한 시사점을 얻을 수 있다. 첫째, 인격은 이데올로기에 의해 규정된다. 따라서 프로이드의 오이디푸스 콤플렉스 이론은 가부장제 사회에 있어서 남성 우월주의 이데올로기의 영향력을 무시한 점에서 비판 가능하다. 둘째, 남성과 여성의 활동성(특히 노동)의 차이, 즉 남성의 사회적 노동과 여성의 사적 노동은 남성과 여성의 인격에 결정적 차이를 야기시켰다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.609-623
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• 2017

본 연구는 한국과 영국 교복 광고들 속에서 광고의 의미가 어떻게 구성되고 다양한 재현들이 무엇을 의미하는가를 고찰하고, 광고를 둘러싸고 전개된 담론들, 특히 성 담론에 주목하면서 양국의 문화적 함의의 차이를 밝히고자 하였다. 이를 위해 한국의 <스쿨룩스>와 영국의 <아메리칸 어패럴>의 교복 광고들을 분석 대상으로 선정했고 다양한 기호학적 분석 방법들을 활용했다. 기호의 2차 의미 생성 과정 분석, 즉 기표와 기의, 함축 의미와 이데올로기의 단계적 의미들을 도출하고자 하였다. 또한 비판적 담론 분석을 시도하여 광고 텍스트의 의미와 담론적 의미 및 이데올로기적 실천 의미를 파악하였다. 분석 결과, 이들 두 나라의 학생 교복 광고들에는 여성 상품화, 남녀의 권력 불균형, 아동 성애자적 접근 등의 부정적 양태와 교복의 본연의 의미와 가치가 왜곡된 경향이 드러났다. 나아가 교복 광고를 둘러싼 양국의 담론들에 대한 비판적 담론 분석을 토대로 양 국가에서 잠재되어 있는 왜곡된 성적 대상화와 상업화를 통한 비정상적인 미적 가치 변형 양상과 '롤리타 판타지'가 만연되어 있음이 나타났다. 나아가 변태적 성적 취향으로 인해 학생들에게 성적 정체성의 혼란과 가치관의 혼돈을 야기하고 있는 것을 발견하였다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.891-902
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze sexual images in the 21th century men's fashion, including phenomenal formative changes and characteristics. Theoretical framework was developed based on literature reviews. Photo images were collected from collections presented in 2001 to 2008 on the internet sites. By focusing on sexual image. men's fashion design was analyzed. Since 21th century, men have expressed their own fashion sense and sexual image quite freely. Men's fashion has expanded its scope into region which are not exclusively of men's traditional fashion identity realm. The result of this study is as follows: First, Noble Dandyism is common among noble dandies whose desired image is luxurious, soft, and sophisticated. Second, Bisexual Caportism is another appealing 'Youth is beautiful' trend of our modern age. Beyond age and gender, modern people pay a special attention to the Caports look which aims to project an image of healthiness, dynamism, youth, and pure balanced beauty combined with fashion. Third, Macho Narcissism enjoys showing and exposing well-trained and beautiful bodies, compared to the old masculine image which was more known for expressing an authoritative and dominant strength. Fourth, Homme Fatale Vampicism seeks to accentuate deconstructed femininity and bare legs, matted make-up, long and curly hair, especially aims to emphasize sexual charms, which naturally makes its image more fascinating.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.393-405
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 성폭력 상담자 대리외상 척도의 개발과 타당화이다. 이를 위해 성폭력 상담자들의 개별 면담 내용과 선행이론 분석을 통해 성폭력 상담자 대리외상의 구성 개념과 예비 문항을 선정하였다. 그리고 전문가 내용 타당도 평정을 거쳐 예비 척도를 개발하였다. 다음으로 성폭력 내담자를 상담한 경험이 있는 성폭력 상담자 349명을 대상으로 예비 척도에 대한 확인적 요인분석 결과, 5요인 구조의 적합도가 양호하다는 것을 확인하였다. 수렴 및 변별 타당도 분석 결과, 개발된 척도가 이차적 외상스트레스 척도, 상담자 소진 척도, 역전이 행동 척도와 적절한 상관을 나타내어 성폭력 상담자 대리외상을 측정하는 타당한 도구임을 확인하였다. 또한 전문직 정체성, 정당한 세상에 대한 믿음과 상관분석을 한 결과 높은 부적 상관을 나타내어 척도의 예측 타당도를 갖추고 있음을 확인하였다. 더불어 성폭력 상담자 대리외상 척도와 경력 변인과의 관련성을 분석하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구 결과를 토대로 연구의 의의, 제한점 및 향후 연구 방향을 논의하였다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1999

The purpose of this study were to analyze high school girls’sex role identity and underwear purchasing behaviors, and to provide the educational guidelines for high school girls as a underwear comsumer and the fundamental data necessary for the products planning of underwear manufacturing companies. The questionnaire was composed of questions about the types of sex role identity, pursuit factors and purchasing behaviors of underwear. The respondents were girls from 6 high schools in cities in Chonbuk Province. The questionnaires were collected from April 6th to May 12th in 1998. 510 questionnaires were used for data analysis. Frequency, percent, average, standard deviation, F-test, $$\chi$^2$-test, and Duncan’s multiple range test were followed. The results of this study were as follows：1. Among the sex role identity groups, the androgynous group was the largest, and the masculine group was the smallest among high school girls. 2. High school girls sought after practicality most when purchasing underwears, but sought after the brand least. The androgynous group recognized practicality, aesthetics, and sexual attraction most, but the undifferentiated group recognized them least. 3. The high school girls bought underwears objectively when they were worn out, made use of TV, newspaper, and radio advertisements as the information sources, and considered the size, comfort, and style. They recognized the prices of underwears as moderate. They depended on their mother most when purchasing underwears and reflected their dependents opinion on selecting underwears partially. They purchased at the underwear specialty store.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.47-63
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of an internal family systems therapy program aimed at increasing ego-identity of middle-aged women. The objectives of this program were for middle-aged women to differentiate the self of internal systems, to identify constraints impinging on an individual part, to release constraints impinging on an individual part, to harmonize the internal family, and to enhance ego-identity. 31 middle-aged women ranged in age from 40 to 60. Two groups were identified as equivalents for the study in the pre-test. The program of this experimental group was implemented twice a week for 120 minutes per each session over a 6-week period. The pre-test(Aug. 29. 2006), the post-test(Oct. 20. 2006) and the follow-up test(Nov. 20. 2006) were implemented in order to verify the effectiveness of the programs. The participants who were absent more than three times in the program were excluded from the post-test and follow-up test. Eventually, the data in 31 persons(15 for the internal family systems therapy, 16 for the control group) were analyze to verify the effectiveness of the program. The instruments used in the study were the ego-identity scale. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA, simple main effect, post-hoc t-test, means and standard deviations. And the program was from Sep. 5. to Oct. 20. 2006. The findings of the study were as follows: The internal family systems therapy program had significant effects on enhancing the ego-identity. There was a large increase of the ego-identity in the intervention group, compared with control group at post treatment and follow-up after 1 month which indicated the continuity of intervention effect. However, in the control group, there were no changes according to the time.