• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.151-157
• /
• 2012

This paper describes the effects of thermally oxidized tallow on the serum lipids profile and radical scavenging activity (RSA) of the lipids extracted from the different tissues of the rabbits. Tallow was thermally oxidized at $130^{\circ}C$ for 9, 18, 27, 36 and 45 h respectively. Thermally oxidized tallow was fed to the local strain of Himalayan rabbits for one week. Results show that oxidation increases the formation of hydroperoxides and decrease the level of radical scavenging activity of the tallow. The rabbit serum lipids profile showed a dose dependent increase in triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. However, no statistically significant increase was observed in the HDL-cholesterol with an increase of oxidation time. Serum glucose and rabbits body weight decrease significantly (p < 0.05) and was highly correlated with the serum lipids profile. The percent RSA of the lipids extracted from the liver, brain and muscles tissues showed a significant decrease with respect to 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g/body weight as well as oxidation time. Data suggests that thermal oxidation and use of thermally oxidized beef tallow is harmful and therefore an alternative way of cooking should be used.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.30-37
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to compare the nutrient intakes, blood pressure, and blood lipids in Korean adults according to BMI. Subjects were recruited and divided into three groups according to BMI, which included normal group (18.5$\leq$BMI<23), overweight group (23$\leq$BMI<25), obese group (25$\leq$BMI). The average age, height, weight, BMI of the subjects were 53.1years, 159.2cm, 54.5kg, 21.4kg/$m^2$ for normal group, 52.3years, 159.4cm, 61.4kg, 24.1kg/$m^2$ for overweight group, 55.9years, 158.7cm, 68.5kg, 27.2kg/$m^2$ for obese group, respectively. There were not significant differences in energy and food intakes by BMI groups. The blood pressure, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, serum LDL-cholesterol, and AI were significantly increased and serum HDL-cholesterol decreased with increment of BMI. The age and BMI were significantly positively correlated with blood pressure and serum lipids except HDL-cholesterol. There was significantly negative correlation between percentage of protein energy intake and AI. To summarize these results, energy, nutrient, and food intakes were not significantly correlated with BMI, and blood pressure and blood lipids increased with increment of BMI. Further systematic study of relation among nutrient intakes including various life factors, BMI, blood pressure, and blood lipid profile is needed.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.30 no.9
• /
• pp.791-797
• /
• 2020

Maqui berry are known as one of the "superfoods" and can purportedly improve health. The effects of orally administered maqui berry extract on biological parameters such as serum lipids and blood cells in healthy subjects were investigated in rats in vivo for 2 weeks. Possible causes of harmful effects on liver and kidney function were also examined. After oral administration of maqui berry extract, levels of serum triglyceride (TG) were decreased to almost 30% less from the control, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was increased to 18% more; thus, serum lipids profile seemed to be improved. The administration of maqui berry extract increased red blood cell concentration by 10% from the control, while both the hemoglobin and the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were increased by 12%. Maqui berry extract also increased the concentration of serum total proteins by 30% of the control and that suggests protein metabolism might be improved. Moreover, maqui berry decreased serum levels of glutamin oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamin pyruvate transaminase (GPT) by 12% from the control group so maqui berry improved liver function. This study suggests that oral administration of maqui berry extract may be helpful to improve those heath parameters like serum lipids profile, red blood cell level, liver protection. It would also be very useful for the development of high value products such as functional foods and pharmaceutics in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.59-70
• /
• 1991

This study was designed to investigate the effects of aerobic and /or Ca supplementation for six months on lipid metabolism and blood pressure in postmenopausal women. The subjects were healthy 29 women aged from 60 to 70 years old. They were divided into four groups: placebo and Ca supplementation group with and without exercise. The amount of Ca supplemented was 500mg a day. The frequency of doing exercise was three times a week and each time, it took 40 minutes to complete all the course of aerobic dancing programmed for old women. During the experimental period, the subjects ate their usual diets and the use of druge as well as additional exercise was prohibited. The results were summarized as follows. 1. Percent body fat and BMI were significantly decreased and the body weight tended to decreased due to aerobic dancing. 2. Serum lipids content tended to show only a slihgt changes due to Ca supplementation: serum triglyceride, total-chol, LDL-chol, FFA content tended to decrease but serum HDL-chol / LDL-chol ratio tended to increase after the experiment in Ca group. On the contrary, serum lipids level was not changed by exercise. 3. Blood pressure did not show any significant changes by Ca supplementation and / or exercise for 6 months in old women. 4. Serum Ca level of Ca group was significantly increased after experiment in Ca group (p<0.05) but not in Ex-Ca group. In summarization, it appeared that the aerobic dancing was a definite way to reduce percent body fat and BMI in postmenopausal women. On the other hand, Ca supplementation seemed to be able to induce favorable changes in serum lipids. However, any synergistic metabolic effects of exercise and Ca supplementation was not seen in this study. Further study is needed to elucidate the relationship between exercise and/or Ca supplementation and the changes in blood lipids profile as well as blood pressure more clearly.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.125-132
• /
• 2005

Hypercholesterolemia has been regarded as a major risk factor of coronary heart disease(CHD). CHD is increasing in recent years among Koreans due to westernization of lifestyle and dietary behaviors. In the United States, implementation of the National Cholesterol Education Program(NCEP) had resulted 40% decline in mortality from CHD. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of medical nutrition therapy on serum lipid levels and discuss the effective nutrition education contents. Thirty outpatients(Male 40%, female 60%) with hypercholesterolemia were educated by medical nutrition therapy(MNT) protocol. At first visit and after three months of MNT, we assessed serum lipid profile, body weight and surveyed general characteristics, lifestyle and food habits through questionnaire. After 12 weeks of MNT, there were significant reductions in serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C). Foods habits and lifestyle were changed to the desirable patterns. These results indicate that lipid profile is improved by changes of dietary behaviors and lifestyle. Especially in case of obesity, cholesterol lowering effect of MNT was more powerful. Consequently, MNT is effective on reduction of serum lipids by behavior change in hypercholesterolemic patients.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.906-913
• /
• 1998

This study an analyzes the effects of the P/S ratio of dietary lipids and antioxidant vitamin supplements on serum lipids level and fatty acid profile, the degree of lipid peroxidation, and the antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver of rats treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz($\alpha$) anthracene(DMBA). P/S ratio of dietary lipids was made into 0.5, 1 and 2 by mixing palm oil, soybean oil, sesame oil and perilla oil at 10%(w/w) fat level and n-6/n-3 ratio was fixed to 4. Antioxidant vitamin of $\alpha$-tocopherol or $\beta$-carotene was supplemented in addition to vitamin mixture which was given at 1 % of the standard diet. female Sprague-Dawley strain rats, about 60 days old, were divided into three groups(LP : low P/S ratio(0.5), MP : medium P/S ratio (1.0), HP , high P/S ratio(2.0)) and each group was sub-divided into three groups(S ; standard, T ; tocopherol supplemented, C : carotene supplemented): Two weeks after feeding experimental diets, all groups were treated with a single dose of DMBA(2mg/100g BW) by gastric intubation and fed experimental diet for 9 week. The results were as follows ; 1) Serum total cholesterol(TC) level was not significantly influenced by diet but tended to be lower in HP groups compared to LP and MP groups. Triglyceride level was the highest in LP groups and the lowest in $\alpha$-tocopherol supplemented groups. 2) Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) level, representing lipid peroxidation in hepatic microsome, tended to be increased as the unsaturation of dietary lipids increases. $\alpha$-Tocopherol supplement significantly decreased TBARS level. 3) The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSHPx) in hepatic cytosol showed the tendency to be high with increasing P/S ratio of dietary lipids. SOD activity was not significantly influenced by antioxidant vitamin, but GSHPx activity was significantly increased in $\alpha$-tocopherol supplemented groups. In summary, high polyunsaturated fat diet was effective on reducing the serum level of total cholesterol and triglyceride, while it increased unsaturation and peroxidizability of serum fatty acid. With increasing P/S ratio of dietary lipids, lipid peroxidation was increased in the liver and antioxidant enzyme system was induced to inhibit lipid peroxidation against oxidative damage. $\alpha$-Tocopherol supplement was effective in lowering lipid peoxidation, but $\beta$-carotene supplement did not exhibit antioxidant effect. (Korean J Nutrition 31(5) 906~913, 1998)

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of table tennis program on self efficacy, cardiopulmonary function, serum lipids, catalase activity in the physical disabilities. Method: Physical disabilities were allocated to one of two groups: control group (n=7), experiment group (n=8). The experiment group took table tennis program four times a week for 12 weeks. Self efficacy was measured by questionnaire. Serum lipid profiles, catalase and cardiopulmonary function were checked after the exercise program and compared with pre-exercise data. Result: Self efficacy was significantly higher in the table tennis group. Maximum oxygen consumption and forced vital capacity were significantly increased and heart rate at rest was decreased in the table tennis group. Total cholesterol and triglyceride were decreased in the table tennis group. There was no significant change in catalase activity between two groups. Conclusion: These results indicate that table tennis program has positive effects on the health of the physical disabilities by improving the self efficacy and cardiopulmonary function and serum cholesterol profile.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.681-690
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether nutrition counseling could lead to a beneficial outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease(CVD). Fifty CVD patients(23 men and 27 women) participated in a dietary counseling program which was based on serum lipid management. Various markers of disease risk including lifestyles, anthropometric indices, eating behaviors, serum lipids, antioxidants, lipid peroxides were measured before and after the program. The program lasted 3-11 months depending on individuals. Waist/hip ratio decreased after nutrition counseling only in women. Smoking and alcohol drinking status did not change significantly after counseling. Food habit score increased significantly in both men and women(p<0.05), and patients consumed mixed cereal rice, fruits, seaweeds, legumes more frequently and snacks less frequently after nutrition counseling (p<0.05). Although intakes of energy, carbohydrate and vitamin B1 were reduced significantly after nutrition counseling, nutrient densities of calcium and iron of diets have increased significantly after nutrition counseling, and those of other micronutrients were not different Serum total cholesterol decreased significantly in men and LDL cholesterol decreased significantly in women. In women lipid peroxide level decreased and $\alpha$-tocopherol level increased significantly, while there was no significantly change in men. We conclude that well-planned nutrition counseling would reduce risks of cardiovascular disease through improving dietary behavior, lipid profile and antioxidant status.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.415-424
• /
• 1997

Serum lipid levels and fatty acid composition of serum phospholipids(PL) were investigated in 24 healthy male subjects who consumed either corn oil(CO) rich In linoleic acid(LA), perilla oil(PO) rich in $\alpha$-linolenic acid($\alpha$-LNA), or canola oil acid(OA) as a major fat source fir 5 weeks. The PO and the CNO groups showed significant(P <0.05) increases in serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C) levels and in ratios of HDL- C/total cholesterol(TC) compared with initial values measured at the beginning of the study. Significantly(p <0.05) increased concentrations of serum triglycerides(TG) ware observed after 5 weeks of the CO based diet compared with both its intial value and the concentration observed after 5 weeks with the PO-based diet. fatty acid composition of serum PL reflected changes in dietary fatty acid composition and metabolism. Compared with the initial levels, significandy increased contents of eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) were observed in serum PL of the PO group and significantly increased contents of $\alpha$-LNA and EPA were observed in the CNO group. Arachidonic acid(AA) content of serum PL did not change in the CO group during the study period, although, the increase in LA was significant(P <0.05). Compared with the CO-based diet, both the PO and the CNO-based diets seem to have beneficial effects on atherosclerosis by influencing the serum lipid profile and fatty acid composition of serum PL.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.460-466
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to estimate coffee consumption and it's relationship to blood pressure and blood lipid profiles in Korean adult men and women. Antheropometrics, dietary intake by 24-hour recall, and serum lipid profiles were measured in 354 subjects. The average subject ages for the age ranges of $20{\sim}49$, $50{\sim}64$, and over 65 years, were 39.7, 57.5, and 70.6 years for the men, and 40.7, 56.9, and 70.9 years for the women, respectively. Mean height and weight were significantly higher in the men and decreased with increasing of age. Thirty percent and 28% of the men and women, respectively, consumed coffee. The proportions of coffee consuming subjects in the age rangers of $20{\sim}49$ years(34.9%) and $50{\sim}64$ years(35.6%) were significantly higher than in the group over 65 years(11.5%). The mean daily intakes of food and energy were showed the same results according to sex and age. Mean daily coffee intake was not significantly different between the men and women, but it was significantly lower in the over 65 age group. Systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in the men and increasing age. The atherogenic index was significantly higher in the $20{\sim}49$ year-old men, and in the women over 65 years. There were no significant correlations among coffee consumption, blood pressure, and the serum lipid profile. In conclusion, the daily coffee consumption by adult men and women, with the exception of the elderly, was $50{\sim}90m{\ell}$, and it was not significantly correlated to blood pressure or blood lipids.