• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.250-257
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• 1999

Driving simulators are used effectively for human factor study, vehicle system development and other purposes by enabling to reproduce actural driving conditions in a safe and tightly controlled enviornment. Interactive simulation requries appropriate sensory and stimulus cuing to the driver . Sensory and stimulus feedback can include visual , auditory, motion, and proprioceptive cues. A fixed-base driving simulator has been developed in this study for vehicle system developmnet and human factor study . The simulator consists of improved and synergistic subsystems (a real-time vehicle simulation system, a visual/audio system and a control force loading system) based on the motion -base simulator, KMU DS-Ⅰ developed for design and evaluation of a full-scale driving simulator and for driver-vehicle interaction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1998.10c
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• pp.327-329
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• 1998

Up-Propagation is an algorithm for inverting and learning neural network generative models. Sensory input is processed by inverting a model that generates patterns from hidden variables using top-down connections. The inversion process is iterative, utilizing a negative feedback loop that depends on an error signal propagated by bottom-up connections. The error signal is also used to learn the generative model from examples. the algorithm is benchmarked against principal component analysis in experiments on images of handwritten digits.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 1997

mastication is basically regulated by central pattern regulalor(CPG) of brain system, target organ output from CPG is modulated by oral sensory feedback, anterior cross bite pattern infuluence the feedback mechanism and change muscle activity and jaw movement. The purpose of this study was to investigate differnce anterior cross bite group from normal group, the selected sample groups were 30 normal patient, 30 anterior cross bite patient. EMG and EGN of Biopak system were used for this study The following results were obtained 1 In resting slate of mandible, anterior cross-bite showed the higher muscle activities in all the muscle.(exception:left digastric muscle) than normal group. 2. In clenching state, No significant difference in muscle activities of normal group and anterior cross bite group was noticed 3. In swallowing state Normal group showed the higher muscle activities in left and right masseter muscle, right posterior temporal muscle. 4. In maximum opening and closing velocity, normal group showed the higher value than anterior cross-bite. 5. In the mean value of the maximum opening,the maximum anterior posterior movemenl from centric-occlusion, the lateral deviation from centric occclusion, normal group showed the higher value than anterior cross-bite group.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.677-684
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• 2020

Our country is already in the aging corner and fall down is the elderly personal, social and economic problems are causing. therefore, executed this study for inquiring into an athletic effect for the balance ability increase that was a main variable of an fall down. The purpose of this study, to find the effect of balance training using visual feedback and somatosensory. Experimental group divided the three groups, objects measured balance ability of each experimental groups before experiment, the balance exercise group used visual feedback by Nintendo Wii(company - model), the balance exercise group used visual and TOGU, the balance exercise group used blind and TOGU. 4 experimental of each groups measured MFT and EMG value after training. having rest time, 4 experimental of each groups measured MFT and EMG value after training used balance pad. MFT - visual feedback with somatosensory training is most efficient but, indifferent both balance training with visual feedback and balance training with somatosensory. EMG - training with somatosensory is more efficient than training with visual feedback. Conclusion : in the process of improving equilibrium ability of patient who is lack of balance ability, somatosensory training is effective to correct different of left, right and frequency of left, right. visual feedback is the most effective way to improve dynamic balance sensory, so parallel of these two practice is thought to be the most effective.

• Journal of Interdisciplinary Genomics
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.19-22
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• 2019

CATCH 22 syndrome is rare genetic disease that has various manifestations. Cervical vertebral anomaly, such as Klippel-Feil anomaly, is frequently observed in the patients with CATCH22 syndrome. We present the case of an 11-year-old female patient with CATCH22 syndrome and Klippel-Feil anomaly who had been treated torticollis using the customized soft neck collar. During the patient's first visit to our clinic, she presented with low ear set, skull deformity, intellectual disability, and tilting of the head to the left by approximately 25 degrees. Imaging studies revealed multisegmental fusion and C3 hemivertebrae of the cervical spine and left thoracic scoliosis at T4 with 50 degrees of Cobb's angle. We instructed passive stretching and applied the customized soft neck collar we invented. The ipsilateral aspect of the neck collar is designed to provide vertical support between the clavicle and mandibular angle and is adjustable in height. The Velcro was attached to the neck collar at the point of contact with the ipsilesional mandibular angle, which provides negative sensory feedback, inducing her to tilt neck to the contralesional side. We applied the neck collar for 2 hours a day. After 1 year of treatment, her neck inclination angle improved from 25 to 10 degrees. Providing negative sensory feedback using the customized soft neck collar can be one of the treatment options of postural management in patients with torticollis in cases of CATCH 22 syndrome combined with Klippel-Feil anomaly.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.157-166
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of self-sit-to-stand training on balance ability and sit-to-stand ability in hemiplegic stroke patients using a multisensory feedback device. Methods: A total of 19 stroke patients participated in this study, and they were divided into two groups: 10 underwent self-sit-to-stand training using a multisensory feedback device, and 9 underwent sit-to-stand training with a physical therapist. In both groups, sit-to-stand training was performed for 30 min, 3 times a week, for 6 weeks. The subjects also underwent physical therapy twice a day for 30 min, 10 times a week, for a total of 60 sessions. Balance ability was evaluated using the AFA-50 and Berg Balance Scale. Sit-to-stand ability was evaluated using the five times sit-to-stand test. Results: Sway length, pressure, and total pressure all significantly increased in both groups, and there was no difference between the two groups. The Berg Balance Scale results showed that balance ability significantly increased in both groups, and there was no difference between the two groups. The five times sit-to-stand test results showed that sit-to-stand ability significantly increased in both groups, and there was no difference between the two groups. It was found that the self-sit-to-stand training using a multisensory feedback device had a positive effect on balance control and sit-to-stand ability. When the two groups were compared, no difference in balance ability or sit-to-stand ability was observed. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that self-sit-to-stand training using a multisensory feedback device is as effective as sit-to-stand training with a physical therapist. Hence, self-sit-to-stand training using a multisensory feedback device could be an effective home-based exercise protocol for hemiplegic stroke patients to improve their balance and sit-to-stand abilities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.299-305
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• 2017

This study proposes a new technique to design and control of robot hand gripper for assembling and disassembling of a machine parts. The motion equation describing dynamics of the manipulators and object together with geometric constraint is formulated by Lagrange-Euler's equation. And the problems of controlling both the grasping force and the rotation angle of the grasped object under the constraints are analyzed. The effect of geometric constraints and a method of computer simulation for overall system is verified. Finally, it is illustrated that even in case of there exists a sensory feedback from sensing data of the rotational angle of the object to command inputs control of joint and this feedback connection from sensing data to control grasping of machinery parts.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.122-128
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• 2009

In this paper, we present a design and an evaluation of a hand-held ball based haptic interface, named "TouchBall." Using a trackball mechanism, the device provides flexibility in terms of directional degrees of freedom. It also has an advantage of a direct transfer of force feedback through frictional touch (with high sensitivity), thus requiring only relatively small amount of inertia. This leads to a compact hand-held design appropriate for mobile and 3D interactive applications. The device is evaluated for the detection thresholds for directions of the force feedback and the perceived amount of directional force. The refined directionality information should combine with other modalities with less sensory conflict, enriching the user experience for a given application.

• Advances in robotics research
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.155-169
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• 2014

Study results in the last decades show that amount and quality of physical exercises, then the active participation, and now the cognitive involvement of patient in rehabilitation training are known of crux to enhance recovery outcome of motor dysfunction patients after stroke. Rehabilitation robots mainly have been developing along this direction to satisfy requirements of recovery therapy, or focusing on one or more of the above three points. Therefore, neuro-machine interaction based active rehabilitation robot has been proposed for assisting paralyzed limb performing designed tasks, which utilizes motor related EEG, UCSDI (Ultrasound Current Source Density Imaging), EMG for rehabilitation robot control and feeds back the multi-sensory interaction information such as visual, auditory, force, haptic sensation to the patient simultaneously. This neuro-controlled and perceptual rehabilitation robot will bring great benefits to post-stroke patients. In order to develop such kind of robot, some key technologies such as noninvasive precise detection of neural signal and realistic sensation feedback need to be solved. There are still some grand challenges in solving the fundamental questions to develop and optimize such kind of neuro-machine interaction based active rehabilitation robot.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.219-224
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• 2002

This paper aims to derive a mathematical model of the dynamics of handling tasks in robot finger which stable grasping and manipulates a rigid object with some dexterity. Firstly, a set of differential equation describing dynamics of the manipulators and object together with geometric constraint of tight area-contacts is formulated by Lagrange's equation. Secondly, problems of controlling both the internal force and the rotation angle of the grasped object under the constraints of area-contacts of tight area-contacts are discussed. The effect of geometric constraints of area-contacts on motion of the overall system is analyzed and a method of computer simulation for overall system of differential-algebraic equations is presented. Thirdly, simulation results are shown and the effects of geometric constraints of area-contact is discussed. Finally, it is shown that even in the simplest case of dual single D.O.F manipulators there exists a sensory feedback from sensing data of the rotational angle of the object to command inputs to joint actuators and this feedback connection from sensing to action eventually realizes secure grasping of the object, provided that the object is of rectangular shape and motion is confined to a horizontal plane.