• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2013

Consider a multiplicative group of integers modulo $n$, denoted by $\mathbb{Z}_n^*$. Any element $a{\in}\mathbb{Z}_n^*$ is said to be a semi-primitive root if the order of $a$ modulo $n$ is ${\phi}(n)/2$, where ${\phi}(n)$ is the Euler phi-function. In this paper, we discuss some interesting properties of the multiplicative groups of integers possessing semi-primitive roots and give its applications to solving certain congruences.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.181-186
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• 2011

Consider a multiplicative group of integers modulo n, denoted by $\mathbb{Z}_n^*$. Any element $a{\in}\mathbb{Z}_n^*$ n is said to be a semi-primitive root if the order of a modulo n is $\phi$(n)/2, where $\phi$(n) is the Euler phi-function. In this paper, we classify the multiplicative groups of integers having semi-primitive roots and give interesting properties of such groups.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.14 no.1_2
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• pp.485-491
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• 2004

We shall discuss irreducible and primitive S-automata. A variety of properties of transitive and primitive semigroups associated with them have been obtained. Also a classification of primitive semi groups will be given with S-automata.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.357-363
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• 2019

Let the circle act on a compact almost complex manifold M with a non-empty discrete fixed point set. To each fixed point, there are associated non-zero integers called weights. A positive weight w is called primitive if it cannot be written as the sum of positive weights, other than w itself. In this paper, we show that if every weight is primitive, then the Todd genus Todd(M) of M is positive and there are $Todd(M){\cdot}2^n$ fixed points, where dim M = 2n. This generalizes the result for symplectic semi-free actions by Tolman and Weitsman [8], the result for semi-free actions on almost complex manifolds by the author [6], and the result for certain symplectic actions by Godinho [1].

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.57-66
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the resource value of existing mud flats in JANGWHARI, KANGWHADO, as strategies for ecotourism. The research methods used in this study are Limits of Acceptable Change(LAC), and Recreation Opportunity Spectrum(ROS). The LAC process draws attention to the existing area conditions that are judged to be acceptable. Managers must define desired area conditions and undertake actions to maintain or achieve these conditions. The ROS is within each of the recreation opportunity classes identified as being used at the regional level. The Results of this study are as follows: 1) The Opportunity Class of the ROS is ecological, physical, social, managerial setting as primitive, semi-primitive. non-motorized, semi-primitive$.$motorized, and roaded natural. 2) The indicator of the LAC is ecological, physical, social, and managerial setting; the indicator of ecological is wildlife populations, water quality, road paving; the indicator of physical is facilities; the indicator of social is visitor needs for knowledge, adventure, eco-experience, and environmental education programs; and, the indicator of managerial is limits of law, and degree of management. 3) Currently, the Opportunity Class of the ROS of JANGWHARI, KANGWHADO is levels II-III, and the Opportunity Class of the suggested ROS is levels I-II. 4) This paper describes strategies for mud flat area management: detection of water quality, resolving problems of equipment, supply of both environmental education programs and guide equipment.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.31-40
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• 1996

In [4, 12], Chee et al. proposed a new class of cryptographic primitive, 'semi-bent functions', which exists on only odd dimensional vector spaces [4]. In this paper, we discuss new notion of generalized semi-bent functions which can be defined on any vector spaces. And we suggest systematic methods for constructing generalized semi-bent functions and analyse their cryptographic properties. In addition, we show that SUC fulfilling Boolean functions can be found on any dimensional vector spaces.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.1229-1237
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• 2011

The volume ray-casting method is one of the direct volume rendering methods that produces high-quality images as well as manipulates semi-transparent object. Although the volume ray-casting method produces high-quality image by sampling in the region of interest, its rendering speed is slow since the color acquisition process is complicated for repetitive memory reference and accumulation of sample values. Recently, the GPU-based acceleration techniques are introduced. However, they require pre-processing or additional memory. In this paper, we propose efficient point-primitive based method to overcome complicated computation of GPU ray-casting. It presents semi-transparent objects, however it does not require preprocessing and additional memory. Our method is fast since it generates point-primitives from volume dataset during sampling process and it projects the primitives onto the image plane. Also, our method can easily cope with OTF change because we can add or delete point-primitive in real-time.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.453-467
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• 2000

For any S-flat module RM(which will be called endoflat) with a commutaitve ring R with identity, where S is the endomorphism ring RM, the fact that every epimorphism is an automorphism has been proved and the Jacobson Radical Rad(S) of S is described as follow; Rad(S) = { f$\in$S｜Imf=Mf is small in M} = {f$\in$S｜Imf $\leq$Rad(M)}. Additionally for any quasi-injective endo-flat module RM, the fact that every monomorphism is an automorphism has been proved and the Jacobson Radical Rad(S) for any quasi-injective endo-flat module has been studied too. Also some equivalent conditions for the semi-primitivity of any faithful endo-flat module RM with the open Jacobson Radical Rad(M) and those for the semi-simplicity of any faithful endo-flat quasi-injective module RM with the closed Socle Soc(M) have been studied.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2017

In this paper, the fundamental theorem of Galois Theory is used to generalize cyclotomic polynomials and construct irreducible polynomials associated with the n-th primitive roots of unity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2005.07b
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• pp.655-657
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• 2005

온톨로지를 효율적으로 관리하기 위한 관리도구의 프레임워크로써, 온톨로지 편집과 통합, 추론을 다루고 있다. 온톨로지 편집에 있어 텍스트 기반의 편집과 한국어 사용자를 위한 편집 방식 지원 그리고 semi-Automatic 편집 및 템플릿 생성에 대해 다루고 있으며 온톨로지 통합과 관련된 여러 알고리즘을 구상하고, 온톨로지에 대한 정당성 체크 및 향후 유비추론을 위한 프레임워크 개발에 대한 통합 측면과 추론에 대해 언급한다.