• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.9-19
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• 2021

Enterobacter sakazakii (Cronobacter spp.) causes meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, and bacteremia in neonates and children and has a high mortality rate. For rapid E. sakazakii detection, various differential and selective media containing α-glucosidase substrates, such as 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (BCIG) or 4-methylumbelliferyl-α-D-glucoside (α-MUG), have been developed as only E. sakazakii exhibits α-glucosidase activity in the genus Enterobacter. However, Escherichia vulneris (family: Enterobacteriaceae) can also utilize α-glucosidase substrates, thereby resulting in false positives. Various iron sources are known to promote the growth of gram-negative bacteria. This study aimed to develop a selective medium containing α-glucosidase substrates for E. sakazakii detection that would eliminate false positives, such as those of E. vulneris, and to determine the role of iron source in the medium. Three previously developed (TPD) media, i.e., Oxoid, OK, and VRBG, and the medium developed in this study, i.e., NGTE, were evaluated using 58 E. sakazakii and 5 non-E. sakazakii strains. Fifty-four E. sakazakii strains appeared as fluorescent or chromogenic colonies on all four media that were assessed. Two strains showed colonies on NGTE medium and not on TPD media. In contrast, the remaining two strains showed colonies on TPD media and not on NGTE medium. None of the non-E. sakazakii strains showed fluorescent or chromogenic colonies on any of the evaluated media except E. vulneris, which showed colonies on TPD media and not on NGTE medium. This study demonstrated that the newly developed NGTE medium was not only equally efficient in promoting the growth of bacterial colonies when compared with the currently available media but also eliminated false positives, such as E. vulneris.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.635-641
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• 2010

이중 선택적 채널 OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) 시스템에서 시변 채널 특성은 주파수 영역에서 부반송파 사이의 간섭 현상으로 나타난다. 시간 영역 윈도우의 사용은 주파수 영역 채널 행렬의 대역폭을 한정시키는 효과가 있으며, OFDM 시스템을 간략화된 선형 입출력 모델로 근사화시킬 수 있다. OFDM 시스템의 채널 등화에 선형 MMSE(Minimum Mean Square Error) 예측에 기반한 순차적인 간섭 제거 기법을 사용하는 경우, 심볼의 검출 순서가 전체적인 시스템 성능에 큰 영향을 미친다. 본 논문에서는 시간 영역 윈도우의 사용으로 인한 잔류 ICI의 감소와 이에 따른 성능 개선 효과를 확인하고, SINR(Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio)과 CSEP(Conditional Symbol Error Probability) 값을 기준으로 하는 심볼 검출 순서가 순차적 간섭 제거 방식의 성능에 미치는 영향을 조사한다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.1127-1132
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• 2006

A new salicylate-selective electrode based on the complex N,N'-1,4-butylene bis(3-methyl salicylidene iminato) copper(II) as the membrane carrier was developed. The electrode exhibits a good Nernstian slope of 59.1 ${\pm}$ 1.0 mV/decade and a linear range of $1.0\;{\times}\;10^{-6}$-1.0 M for salicylate. The limit of detection was $5.0\;{\times}\;10^{-7}$ M. It has a fast response time 10 s and can be used for more than three months. The selective coefficients were determined by the fixed interference method (FIM) and could be used in the pH range 4.5-10.5. It was employed as an indicator electrode for direct determination of salicylate in pharmaceutical samples.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.203-208
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• 2006

Channel estimation and data detection for OFDM systems over time- and frequency-selective channels are investigated. Relying on the complex exponential basis expansion channel model, a pilot-embedded channel estimation scheme with low computational complexity and spectral efficiency is proposed. A periodic pilot sequence is superimposed at a low power on information bearing sequence at the transmitter before modulation and transmission. The channel state information(CSI) can be estimated using the first-order statistics of the received data. In order to enhance the performance of channel estimation, we recover the transmitted data which can be exploited to estimate CSI iteratively. Simulation results show that the proposed method is suitable for doubly-selective channel estimation for the OFDM systems and the performance of the proposed method can be better than that of the Wiener filter method under some conditions. Through simulations, we also analyze the factors which can affect the system performances.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.943-947
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• 2002

The two reactions between iron ion (Fe3+ ) and o-chlorophenylfluorone (o-CPF) and copper ion (Cu2+ ) and o-CPF are sensitive at pH 6 in the presence of Triton X-100. We have determined the formation constants of the complexes by the spectral correction technique. Because of the poor selectivity of o-CPF to metals, the competition coordination of only the iron ion from the Cu-o-CPF complex was found and applied to the selective detection of iron traces by the Selective Competition Coordination Determination (SCCD) approach.The analysis of several samples shows that the relative standard deviations are less than 5.0% and the recovery of iron ions between 94.5% and 106%.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2003

We examined the effect of polyether-type nonionic surfactants (Brij 35, Triton X-100, Tween 20 and Tween 80) on the potentiometric properties of sodium-, potassium- and calcium-selective membranes which are prepared with widely used ionophores and four kinds of polymer matrices [poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), polyurethane (PU), PVC/PU blend, and silicone rubber (SR)]. It was found that the PVC-based membranes, which provide the best performance among all other matrix-based membranes in the absence of nonionic surfactants, exhibited larger change in their potentiometric properties when nonionic surfactants are added to the sample solution. On the other hand, the sodium-selective SR-based membrane with calix[4]arene, potassium-selective PVC/PU- or SR-based membrane with valinomycin, and the calcium-selective SR-based membrane with ETH 1001 provide almost identical analytical performance in the presence and absence of Tween 20 or Tween 80 surfactants. The origin of nonionic surfactants effect was also investigated by interpreting the experimental results obtained with various matrices and ionophores. The results suggest that the nonionic surfactant extracted into the membrane phase unselectively form complexes with the primary and interfering ions, resulting in increased background potential and lower binding ability for the ionophore. Such effects should result in deteriorated detection limits, reduced response slopes and lower selectivity for the primary ions.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제65권3호
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• pp.526-531
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• 2016

This paper presents an experimental study on the optimal settings for the selected DC fault relay (50F) to improve the operating performance for the high-speed circuit breaker on DC feeding system which ensure safety within rolling stock maintenance depot. In this study, current supplied to overhead contact wire was calculated on 1 ms interval to analyze the correction values of DC fault selective relay for the operation of current supply cutout. Particularly, standards for the accurate detection of accidents between an electric railway vehicle and the electric power facilities are shown by investigating the optimal correction values for detection of fault current, and the results indicated that it takes about 213 ms for the DC fault selective relay(50F) to fully open. In the future, the correction values of DC fault selective relay suggested in this paper will be used as the reference values of protective relay for the safe operation of DC electric railroad system such as urban railway.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.610-612
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• 2002

A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the quantitative detection of organophosphorus insecticide cyanophos. An analogue (hapten) of cyanophos was synthesized and was coupled to BSA to produce polyclonal antibodi es from rabbits. The antisera were screened against another hapten coupled to ovalbumin (OVA). Using the sera of highest specificity, an antigen-coated ELISA was developed, which showed an I50 of 310 ng/mL with the detection limit of 20 ng/mL. The antibodies showed negligible cross-reactivities with other organophosphorus pesticides except for parathion-methyl, which makes the assay suitable for the selective detection of cyanophos.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.130-134
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• 2003

A visual method for the selective screen Eng of lignin degrading enzymes, produced by white rot fungi (WRF), was investigated by the addition of coloring additives to solid media. Of the additives used in the enzyme production media, guaiacol and RBBR could be used for the detection of lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lactase. Syringaldazine and Acid Red 264 were able for the detection of both the MnP and lactase, and the LiP and laccase, respectively, and a combination of these two additives was able to detect each of the ligninases produced by the WRF on solid media.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.609-613
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• 2001

형광을 이용하여 중금속 이온의 농도를 측정할 수 있는 신규 단백질 바이오센서를 제작하였다. 바이오센서의 transducer로 카제인과 알부민을 사용하였을 때 $10^{-3}$mM-1 mM 범위에서 중금속 농도 정량에 우수성을 보였다. 또한 두 가지 중금속 혼합물에서 excitation과 emission파장에서 형광도를 측정하여 각 중금속 이온 농도를 선택적으로 정량하는 방법을 제시하였고, Co$^{2+}$, Fe$^{3+}$ 이온 혼합물을 대상으로 본 논문에서 제시한 방법의 유효성을 입증하였다.