• 제목/요약/키워드: seedling method

검색결과 397건 처리시간 0.026초

완효성비료의 전층시비가 벼 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향 (Effect of the Whole-layer Application of Slow-release Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Rice)

  • 박경배
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제37권6호
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    • pp.499-505
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    • 1992
  • 본 시험은 완효성비료를 이용한 전량기비시비방법을 개선하고자 식양토(덕평통)와 사양토(강서통)에서 완효성비료인 조선완효성비료와 Meister 15를 이용하여 시비방법에 따른 완효성비료의 시용효과를 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 공시토양별 암모니아태 질소의 용출량은 담수 4일째 사양토에서 95ppm, 식양토에서 60ppm 이었다. 2. 벼 잎색도는 조선완효성비료가 Meister 15보다 낮았고, 시비방법간에는 측조시비구보다 전층시비구에서 높았다. 3. 질소 효율은 Meister 15 > 관행 > 조선완효성비료의 순으로 높았고, 시비방법간에는 차이가 적었다. 4. 단립면적당 경수는 조선완효성비료는 측조시비구가 전층시비구보다 많았고, Meister 15는 전층시비구가 측조시비구보다 많았으며, 간장은 Meister 15 > 관행 > 조선 완효성비료의 순으로 길었고, 시비 방법간에는 전층시비구가 측조시비구보다 길었다. 등숙율은 완효성시비가 관행보다 높았고, 시비방법간에는 전층시비구가 측조시비구보다 낮았다. 5. 수량은 식양토에서 비료간 수량차이가 컸으나, 시비방법간에는 수량차이가 적었고, 사양토에서는 비료간, 시비방법간에 수량차이가 적었다. 6. 이상의 결과에서 Meister 15와 같은 완효성비료는 전층시비법으로 시용하여도 좋을 것으로 판단되었다.

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상수 재육채묘법에 관한 시험 (II) 상수 묘목의 육성법에 관한 시험 (Studies of mulberry seedling preparation by cattage method sapling (II) Study of cultivating method of mulberry root-stock)

  • 박병희;유근섭;조철호;김문협
    • 한국잠사곤충학회지
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    • 제3권
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    • pp.37-43
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    • 1963
  • 1. 원묘의 대소와 부위에 있어서 굵은 원묘가 가는 원묘에 비하여 활착 및 묘질이 좋았고 선단부와 기부사이에는 유의차는 없었으나, 선단부가 약간 활착과 묘질이 좋았다. 그리고 2아원묘와 3아원묘 사이에는 활착의 차가 없었다. 2. 원묘의 발근의 다소에 있어서는 발근량이 많은 것일수록 활착 및 묘질이 좋았다. 3. 원묘의 매복 심도에 있어서는 원묘의 선단에 파라핀을 도말하고 노출시킨 것이 가장 활착율이 높았으며 원묘의 선단에 파라핀을 도말하지 않더라도 그 선단을 노출시켜 매복하거나 또는 되도록 얕게 매복한 것이 깊게(6cm) 매복한 것보다 활착율이 높았다. 4. 원묘를 매복하는 방법에 있어서는 골의 중앙에 곧게 세운 것과 골의 한 쪽에 뉘어 세우고 매복한 것 사이에는 활착의 차는 없었으나 묘질은 곧게 세워 매복한 것이 비교적 양호하였다. 5. 육성포의 토성에 있어서는 사양토와 식양토간에 원묘의 활착의 차는 없었으나 묘질은 사양토에서 좋았다. 6. 각품종간(시평, 개량서반, 노상, 수원상4호 및 용천추우)에 있어서는 원묘의 활착에는 차가 없었으나 묘질은 용천추우가 가장 좋았다. 7. 생산비를 조사한 바 상묘 1본당 재육채묘는 1원 61전이었는데 비하여 접목은 2원 3전이었다.

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박과채소용 단근합접 접목시스템 개발(1) -작업공정 분석과 시스템 설정 - (Development of a Root-Removed Splice Grafting System for Cucurbitaceous Vegetables (1) - Analysis of Grafting Process and System Setting -)

  • 강창호;이승규;한길수;이용범;최홍기
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • 제33권6호
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    • pp.453-461
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    • 2008
  • This study was conducted to develop a root-removed splice grafting system for cucurbitaceous vegetables, mainly watermelon and cucumber seedlings, for the seedlings factories where currently most of seedlings grafting works are carried out by manual works. The major results of the study are as follows. The dimensions of rootstocks and scions, except cotyledon width, of root- removed splice grafting of watermelon and cucumber were shown to be varied within the 2.5-fold range. The growth status of seedlings were not consistent in terms of cotyledon sprouting direction and angle which were considered as one of the important factors for in root-removed splice grafting. The grafting work of root-removed splice for grafted watermelon and cucumber could be divided by four sub-operations: seedling supplying, cutting, clipping and potting, while a part or all root of the rootstock was removed in the seedlings supplying operation. The cutting angles of the rootstock and scion were $34-45^{\circ}$ and $20-45^{\circ}$, respectively, while the stem length of the scion varied from 6 mm to 12 mm. The splices of rootstock and scion were heaped up in parallel and then fixed by a clip. It indicated that the ideal grafting system, adopting conventional grafting processes of seedlings specifications as well as conventionally manual root-removed splice grafting method, performed very well for seedlings gripping and transporting, supplying clip, clipping and discharging grafted seedlings while workers supplied seedlings to the semi-automatical system.

송이균 접종으로 외생균근을 형성한 소나무 묘목의 PDMP 및 Tween 용액 처리에 의한 순화 (Acclimation of Ectomycorrhizal Pine (Pinus densiflora) Seedlings Inoculated with Tricholoma matsutake by the Treatment of PDMP and Tween Solutions)

  • 박현;이봉훈;가강현;유성열;박원철
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제98권4호
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    • pp.357-362
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    • 2009
  • 송이균을 접종하여 균근을 형성시킨 소나무 묘목을 실외로 가지고 나갈 경우 송이 균근이 이탈되는 현상을 극복하기 위한 방법을 모색하였다. 실내에서 형성한 송이균 접종 소나무 배지의 초기 토양구조를 유지하며 수분을 공급하고자 배양병의 아래에 구멍을 뚫어 화분형태로 변형을 시킨 후 8종류의 급수방식을 시도하였다. 증류수만을 공급한 경우에는 송이 균근이 이탈되었지만, 2.5% PDMP(24 g potato dextrose broth, 3 g malt extract, 1 g peptone) 용액이나 0.5% Tween 80 용액을 2주 간격으로 관수한 경우에는 3개월의 순화처리 이후에도 송이 균근이 강한 활성을 띠고 있음을 확인하였다. 순화기간동안 송이 균근 형성 비율이 증가하였으며, 순화 성공률은 70% 수준에 이르렀다. 금후 송이를 접종한 소나무 묘목은 이러한 순화처리 과정을 거쳐서 균근을 안정시킨 후 현지에 이식하는 방법을 사용하기를 추천한다.

생태독성학적 기법을 이용한 토양오염평가 방안 (Soil Pollution Assessment Based on Ecotoxicological Methods)

  • 안윤주;정승우
    • 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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    • 제10권6호
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    • pp.56-62
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    • 2005
  • 본 연구는 물리화학적인 평가방법에만 의존하고 있는 토양오염평가에 대해 생태독성학적 방법(ecotoxicological methods)을 도입하긴 위한 방안을 제시하였다. 오염물질에 민감하게 반응하는 토양생물을 이용하여 단기간에 결과를 얻을 수 있도록 측정방법을 고안하고, 대상토양에서의 생존 및 성장률을 정량적인 방법으로 측정하여 토양의 안전성 및 오염정도를 평가하였다. 실험연구는 토양 동$cdot$식물 모두를 포함하기 위한 노력의 일환으로 식물독성 실험(발아 및 성장저해실험), 그리고 토양 무척추동물 독성실험(단순접촉법에 의한 생존률 실험)으로 구성되었다 식물독성실험에서는 국내 주요농작물인 Zea may, Triticum aestivum, Cucumis sativus, 그리고 Sorghum bicolor를 대상 식물로 하여 중금속 토양의 오염정도와 식물의 생장률, 식물 내 중금속 축적량의 상관관계를 분석하고. 이들 실험식물 중에 꼭 토양오염의 평가에 적합한 식물지표종으로 Cucumis sativus와 Sorghum bicolor를 제안하였다. 토양무척추동물 독성실험에서는 국내사육종일. Perionyx excavatus를 이용하여 톨루엔오염토양을 평가하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 토양 생물을 이용하는 생태독성학적 평가방법은 물리화학적 측정방법과 함께 토양오염을 평가하는 정량적인 방법으로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Effects of Sulfite on Chl Fluorescence in Barley(Hordeum vulgare L.) Seedlings in Light and Dark

  • Sook, Chung-Hwa;Park, Kang-Eun
    • Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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    • 제3권1호
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    • pp.11-21
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    • 1999
  • The effect of sulfite on barley seedlings was investigated through Chl content, the electron transport activity of the photosystem, and Chl fluorescence. Barley leaves were harvested every 12 hrs during greening periods, and were then treated with a sulfite solution in either light or dark conditions. In both cases, the Chl content decreased in comparison with the control at any greening period. After sulfite treatment in the light, the activity of PS I decreased slightly, yet that of PSII showed a decrease of about 15%. The values of Fv, qP and qE decreased, however, the value of ql increased compared with the control. In addition, the value of qE decreased in leaves greened more than 12 hrs compared with that of the control. This indicates that the photosynthetic complex involved in energy dependent fluorescence quenching is undeveloped in a 12 hrs greened leaf, accordingly, it was a hardly affected by sulfite. After sulfite treatment in the dark, the activities of PSII and PSI decreased slightly, there was a small change in the value of Fv, qP decreased, and qE and the ratio of qNP/q increased in comparison with the control. As a result, PSII and PSI were not inhibited, however, the redox of QA was inhibited, and the excited energy was lost through the nonphotochemical pathway. The effects of sulfite in light or dark conditions were not considerably different with the Chl fluorescence quenching analysis method. In both light and dark conditions, the value of qP significantly decreased with sulfite compared to that of the control. This implies that the redox of QA was inhibited by sulfite in both light and dark contions.

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참깨묘 양성조건이 활착 및 생육에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Nursery Condition on the Establishment and the Growth of Sesame Seedling)

  • 이정일;이승택
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제28권3호
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    • pp.386-389
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    • 1983
  • 참깨 이식방법의 확립을 위하여 육묘이식방법에 대한 일연의 시험을 실시하여 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 참깨솎음묘의 이식은 묘의 측근발생이 적을 뿐만 아니라 솎음할 때 뿌리가 절단되어 활착이 잘 안되고 생육이 부진하여 활용성이 없었다. 2. 참깨육묘이식은 이식시 뿌리의 절단이 적은 육묘방법(종이 pot, 비닐 pot, 연상 및 개량상)으로 했을 때 활착은 문제되지 않았으나 묘의 생육이 개량상 육묘 즉, 비닐위에 상토를 3cm로 하여 4방 5cm로 파종함으로 지상부 생육이 왕성하고 측근발생도 많을 뿐 아니라 노력도 절감되었다. 3. 6월 10일 파종 6월 30일 이식은 6월 15일 직파에 비해 개화기가 4일이상 빨랐으며 비닐 pot육묘나 개량상육묘는 주당삭수도 많아 수량이 비닐 pot 육묘가 10% 개량상육묘는 18% 증수하였다. 4. 참깨육묘에 적합한 상토는 흙, 모래, 퇴비를 1:1:1의 객적비로 하는 것이었다. 5. 상토의 깊이는 3cm정도로 하고 묘대시비량은 질소, 인산, 칼리를 4-2-4g/$m^2$로 하는 것이 적합하였다.

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Effect of gamma irradiation on the morphological and physiological variation from In vitro individual shoot of banana cv. Tanduk (Musa spp.)

  • Abdulhafiz, Ferid;Kayat, Fatimah;Zakaria, Suhana
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제45권2호
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    • pp.140-145
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    • 2018
  • Inducing genetic and morphological variation through conventional method is very difficult. Therefore, mutation induction through in vitro technology brings numerous advantages over the conventional breeding. Thus, the individual shoots (1 ~ 2 cm) were irradiated with gamma rays (10 ~ 70 Gy). The result revealed that the explants treated with higher doses (40, 50, 60, and 70 Gy) showed deleterious effects of ionizing radiation. The highest survival rate among ${\gamma}$ treated explants recorded was 71% in 10 Gy treatments while the lowest survivality was 15% in 70 Gy. Lethal dose 50% ($LD_{50}$) dose was found to be 33 Gy. In the in vitro condition, rooting reponse showed that increase in gamma irradiation dose resulted in the inhibition of root growth. Meanwhile, non-treated explants had the best rooting ability with the maximum number of root per explant (20) within a short period of time (6 days), with the highest root length of (15.1 cm). The longer period in rooting (12 days) and lowest number of root per explant (8) with shortest root length (10.1 cm) were recorded at 30 Gy treatment. The highest shoot length (13.6 cm) was observed at control treatment and the shortest shoot length (10.4 cm) was observed at 30 Gy. In the nursery, lowest leaf number (5) was observed at 30 Gy compared with other treatments. The highest chlorophyll content (49.8) was recorded at 10 Gy treated seedling. Irradiated explants with 10 Gy found to be superior over the control treatment and had positive effects in main growth parameters such as chlorophyll content.

Evaluation of a Fungal Strain, Myrothecium roridum F0252, as a Bioherbicide Agent

  • Lee, Hyang-Burm;Kim, Jin-Cheol;Hong, Kyung-Sik;Kim, Chang-Jin
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.453-460
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    • 2008
  • In the course of in vitro and in vivo screening for bioherbicidal agents, a hyphomycete fungus, Myrothecium sp. F0252 was selected as a candidate for the biocontrol of weeds. The isolate was identified as Myrothecium roridum Tode ex. Fries based on the morphological characteristics and 18S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis and registered as Myrothecium roridum F0252. In order to evaluate the in vitro effect of M. roridum F0252 on germination of ladino clover and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) seeds, spore solution of the fungus was employed in two concentrations, $6.5{\times}10^6$ and $2.5{\times}10^7$ spores per mL and then inoculated to the seeds. The fungal spores inhibited the seed germination, infected the seedlings, and caused an abnormal withering and inhibition of seedling growth. In addition, when the herbicidal activity of crude ethyl acetate extract from the liquid culture was assessed on a mini-plant, duck-weed (Lemna paucicostata (L.) Hegelm.), the extract showed high inhibitory effect at the level of $12.5{\mu}g$ per mL. On the other hand, in vivo herbicidal activity of M. roridum F0252 was evaluated by a whole plant spray method. M. roridum F0252 exhibited strong and broad-spectrum herbicidal activity. The herbicidal values ranged from 95-100% against 7 weeds, including Abutilon avicennae and Xanthium strumarium, and 70-80% against Digitaria sanguinalis and Sagittaria pygmaea. When the nutritional utilization (95 carbon sources) pattern of M. roridum F0252 was investigated, it varied with water activity ($a_w$) and temperature conditions, supplying good, basic information in regard to nutritional utilization for proper cultivation and formulation. Our results showed that M. roridum F0252 might be used as a potential biocontrol agent against weedy plants.

Antagonistic Activity against Dirty Panicle Rice Fungal Pathogens and Plant Growth-Promoting Activity of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BAS23

  • Saechow, Sukanya;Thammasittirong, Anon;Kittakoop, Prasat;Prachya, Surasak;Thammasittirong, Sutticha Na-Ranong
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제28권9호
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    • pp.1527-1535
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    • 2018
  • Bacterial strain BAS23 was isolated from rice field soil and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Based on dual culture method results, the bacterium BAS23 exhibited potent in vitro inhibitory activity on mycelial growth against a broad range of dirty panicle fungal pathogens of rice (Curvularia lunata, Fusarium semitectum and Helminthosporium oryzae). Cell-free culture of BAS23 displayed a significant effect on germ tube elongation and mycelial growth. The highest dry weight reduction (%) values of C. lunata, H. oryzae and F. semitectum were 92.7%, 75.7%, and 68.9%, respectively. Analysis of electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and $^1H$ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy revealed that the lipopeptides were iturin A with a C14 side chain (C14 iturinic acid), and a C15 side chain (C15 iturinic acid), which were produced by BAS23 when it was cultured in nutrient broth (NB) for 72 h at $30^{\circ}C$. BAS23, the efficient antagonistic bacterium, also possessed in vitro multiple traits for plant growth promotion and improved rice seedling growth. The results indicated that BAS23 represents a useful option either for biocontrol or as a plant growth-promoting agent.