Browse > Article

Soil Pollution Assessment Based on Ecotoxicological Methods  

An Youn-Joo (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University)
Jeong Seung-Woo (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kunsan National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment / v.10, no.6, 2005 , pp. 56-62 More about this Journal
Abstract
Chemical analyses are generally used to assess contaminated soils and to monitor the efficiency of soil remediation. In this study, the ecotoxicological methods was suggested to evaluate soil pollution by using a battery of bioassay. Plant assay and earthworm assay were conducted to evaluate ecotoxicity o soils contaminated by heavy metals (cadmium and copper) and oil (BTEX compounds, toluene). Test plants were Zea may, Triticum aestivum, Cucumis sativus, and Sorghum bicolor. The presence of heavy metals decreased the seedling growth. Cucumis sativus and Sorghum bicolor seemed to be good indicator plants which are sensitive to heavy metal pollution as well as BTEX contamination. An earthworm bioassay was performed to predict the ecotoxicity in toluene-contaminated soils, based on a simple contact method. Perionyx excavatus was adopted as a test earthworm species, and the severity of response increased with increasing toluene concentration. The present study demonstrated that ecotoxicological methods could be a quantitative approach to evaluate contaminated soils.
Keywords
Soil pollution assessment; Heavy metal; Oil; Ecotoxicity; Bioassay;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Dunnett, C.W., 1995, Multiple comparison proceure for comparing several treatments with a control. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 50, 1096-1121   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Hamilton, M.A., Russo, R.C., and Thurston, R.V., 1977. Trimmed Spearman-Karber method for estimating median lethal concentrations in toxicity bioassays. Environ. Sci. Technol., 11, 714-719; Correction 12, 417 (1978)   DOI   ScienceOn
3 OECD. 1984. Earthworm, Acute Toxicity Tests. OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No 207, Paris
4 경기도, 2003, 수도권정책 T/F 주간동향분석 보고
5 Lock. K., and Janssen, C.R., 2002, Ecotoxiciy of chromium to Eisenia fetida, Enchytraeus albidlls, and Folsomia candida., Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety, 51, 203-205   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Fletcher, J., 1991. Keynote speech: A brief overview of plant toxicity testing. In: J. W. Gorsuch, W. R. Lower, W. Wang and M. A. Lewis(ed), Plants for Toxicity Assessment. Second Volume, American Society for Testing and Materials STP 1115, Philadelphia, p. 5-11
7 Maboeta, M.S., Reinecke, A.J., and Reinecke, S.A., 1999, Effects of low levels of lead on growth and reproduction of the Asian earthworm Perionyx excavatus. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety, 44, 236-240   DOI   ScienceOn
8 van der Geest., H.G., Greve, G.D., Blivin, M-E., Kraak, M.H.S., and van Gestel, C.A.M., 2000, Mixture toxicity of copper and diazinon to larvae of the mayfly judging additivity at different effect levels. Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 19, 2900-2905   DOI   ScienceOn
9 USEPA, 1997, Ecological Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund: Process for Designing and Conducting Ecological Risk Assessments, EPA 540/R97R/006, Washington D. C
10 An, Y.-J., 2005., Assessing soil ecotoxicity of methyl tert-butyl ether using earthworm bioassay; closed soil microcosm test for volatile organic compounds, Environ. Pollut., 134, 181-186   DOI   ScienceOn
11 An, Y.-J., Kampbell, D. H., and McGill, M. E., 2002, Toxicity of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) on plants (Avena sativa, Zea mays, Triticum aestivum, and Lactuca sativa), Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 21, 1679-1682   DOI   ScienceOn