• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.19-37
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• 2017

Objectives : The study designed to analyze annual, seasonal tendency of outpatients in ophthalmology & otolaryngology & dermatology clinic of Korean Medical hospital from 2012 to 2016. Methods : We investigated annual, seasonal population-social characteristics such as sex or age, departmental characteristics such as ophthalmology, otolaryngology, dermatology, many others, main diagnosis, cost characteristics of treatment period and frequency of treatment those who were received treatment as outpatients in Dunsan Korean Medical Hospital ophthalmology & otolaryngology & dermatology clinic from March 2012 to March 2016. The data was obtained from EMR chart, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0. Results : We analyzed population-social characteristics, utilization of new patients in the year, in the season, and we obtained various results. Conclusions : In the analysis of annual, seasonal utilization patterns that outpatients offered in ophthalmology & otolaryngology & dermatology clinic of Korean Medical hospital from 2012 to 2016, the report draws 3 different conclusions.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.433-437
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• 2011

The study is conducted to evaluate loading of organic matter as seasonal changes during non-storm period into Lake Paldang which is used to a major drinking water source. Samples were taken in Lake Paldang intake during non-storm period and were analyzed loading of organic matter. From the results of the survey, improving of the water quality showed remarkable tendency depending on the changing periods from summer to fall and from fall to winter. Dilution effect from the increase of base run-off caused by the concentrated rainfall in rainy season, the characteristics of Korea's climate seems to have to be the reason. On the other hand, deteriorating of the water quality showed tendency depending on the changing periods from winter to spring and from spring to summer. Increase of Cyanobacteria etc. is explained by seasonal effects which are a small amount of the rainfall in winter and spring and gradational increase of water temperature.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 1987

This study was carried out to elucidate the seasonal changes of amylase an nitrate reductase activities in Zoysia japonica Steud. The seasonal changes of the amylase activity AA) in aboveground parts appeared high activity from the beginning of May to the beginning of July and in autumn showed an activity of rapid decreasing tendency. But, the AA in winter(Nov. 15~Feb 28 was not almost detected. The seasonal changes of nitrate reductase activity(NRA) in various organs appeared a very similar figures to the seasonal changes of AA. But, the NRA in the root was not almost detected.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.99-119
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• 2018

Unit load factor, which is used for the quantification of non-point pollution in watersheds, has the limitation that it does not reflect spatial characteristics of soil, topography and temporal change due to the interannual or seasonal variability of precipitation. Therefore, we developed the method to estimate a watershed-scale non-point pollutant load using seasonal forecast data that forecast changes of precipitation up to 6 months from present time for watershed-scale water quality management. To establish a preemptive countermeasure against non-point pollution sources, it is possible to consider the unstructured management plan which is possible over several months timescale. Notably, it is possible to apply various management methods such as control of sowing and irrigation timing, control of irrigation through water management, and control of fertilizer through fertilization management. In this study, APEX-Paddy model, which can consider the farming method in field scale, was applied to evaluate the applicability of seasonal forecast data. It was confirmed that the rainfall amount during the growing season is an essential factor in the non-point pollution pollutant load. The APEX-Paddy model for quantifying non-point pollution according to various farming methods in paddy fields simulated similarly the annual variation tendency of TN and TP pollutant loads in rice paddies but showed a tendency to underestimate load quantitatively.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.1392-1394
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• 2007

By the examination of data collected by long-term measuring system on high-speed railway bridges, it has been known that the atmospheric temperature may affect the responses of maximum deflection and acceleration of bridge deck. Collected data show a tendency by seasonal factor to that, by the decrease of temperature, the response of acceleration of bridge deck increases, and the response of deflection decreases. To trace the cause of this tendency, parametric analysis on the stiffness of bridge bearing and track ballast has been performed, and the in-site measurement has been achieved in high-speed railway line to understand seasonal influences.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.352-356
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• 2004

Variations of water quality parameters were investigated for last 13 years in Han river. Deviation from 3 month moving average was suggested for the variation analysis. Many parameters of mainstream and tributaries showed similar monthly fluctuations. Suspended solid of mainstream showed higher fluctuation than that of tributaries due to summer flood. Contrarily, the organic parameters such as BOD, COD, and TN showed lower fluctuations in the mainstreams. The magnitude of deviation was in the order of pH < DO, COD, temp. < BOD, TN < TP, SS. Strong correlation was found in BOD data of adjacent sites. Main sites showed low deviation in comparison to adjacent common sites of mainstream (1:2.4). Mainstream showed low deviation in comparison to tributaries (1:1.7). Seasonal tendency of monthly BOD was confirmed using autocorrelation function. The deviation was in inverse proportion to the magnitude of BOD.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.316-324
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• 2022

This paper uses seasonal auto-regressive integrated moving average (S-ARIMA), which is efficient in seasonality between time-series models, to predict the degradation tendency for lithium-ion batteries and study a method for improving the predictive performance. The proposed method analyzes the degradation tendency and extracted factors through an electrical characteristic experiment of lithium-ion batteries, and verifies whether time-series data are suitable for the S-ARIMA model through several statistical analysis techniques. Finally, prediction of battery aging is performed through S-ARIMA, and performance of the model is verified through error comparison of predictions through mean absolute error.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 1993

The seasonal variations of the major six flavonol glycosides(kaempferol 2,6-dirhamnosyl glucoside, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside, quercetin 3-O-coumaroyl glucorhamnoside and kaempferol 3-O-coumaroyl glucorhamnoside) in Ginkgo biloba leaves were investigated. The contents were determined by HPLC on reversed phase $C_{18}$ column. This result showed that the percentage of six flavonol glycosides decreased during the season from 1.57% in May to 0.39% in November. The content of each flavonol glycoside indicated a similar tendency to decrease. However, the contents of rutinosides of kaempferol, quercetin and isorhamnetin fluctuated markedly than those of coumaroyl glucorhamnosides of kaempferol and quercetin and kaempferol 2,6-dirhamnosyl glucoside.

• Atmosphere
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.235-248
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• 2015

In this study, we analyzed the three dimensional variations (latitude, longitude, and height of Jet core) and wind speed of upper Jet stream in the East Asian region using recent 35 years (1979~2013) of four reanalysis data (NCEP-R2, MERRA, ERA-Interim. and JRA-55). Most of Jet core is located in $30.0{\sim}37.5^{\circ}N$ and $13.0{\sim}157.5^{\circ}E$ although there are slight differences among the four reanalysis data. The wind speed differences among reanalysis are about $3m\;s^{-1}$ regardless of seasons, the weakest in NCEP-R2 and the strongest in JRA-55. Although significance level is not high, most of reanalysis showed that the Jet core has a tendency of southward moving during spring and winter, but moving northward during summer and fall. This amplified seasonal variation of Jet core suggests that seasonal variations of weather/climate can be increased in the East Asian region. The longitude of Jet core has a tendency of systematically westward moving and decreasing of zonal variations regardless of averaging methods and reanalysis data. In general, the Jet core shows a tendency of moving south-west-ward and upward, getting intensified during spring and winter regardless of the reanalysis data. However, the Jet core shows a tendency of moving westward and downward, and getting weakened during summer. In fall, there were no distinctive trends not only in wind speed but also three dimensional locations compared to other seasons. Although the significance levels are not high and variation patterns are slightly different according to the reanalysis data, our findings are more or less different from the previous results. So, more works are needed to clarify the three dimensional variation patterns of Jet core over the East Asian region as a result of global warming.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.439-447
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• 2021

Due to the frequent emergence of global abnormal climates, related studies on meteorological change is being actively proceed. However, the research on trend analysis using weather data accumulated over a long period of time was insufficient. In this study, the trend of temperature time series data accumulated from automated surface observing system (ASOS) for 40 years was analyzed by using a non-parametric analysis method. As a result of the Mann-Kendall test on the annual average temperature and seasonal average temperature time series data in South Korea, it has shown that an upward trend exists. In addition, the result of calculating the Sen's slope, which can determine the degree of tendency before and after the searched change point by applying the Pettitt test, recent data after the fluctuation point confirmed that the tendency of temperature rise was even greater.