• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.12-25
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• 2014

The calcium intake of elementary school students residing in Gyeongsangbukdo province from their school foodservice and milk program was evaluated. A total of 252 subjects (50.4% boys and 49.6% girls) were examined. A significant percentage of the total subjects (32.9%) reported skipping breakfast once or more per week, with the major reasons for skipping breakfast being a lack of time and appetite. A majority of the to-tal subjects (78.2%) participated in the school milk program. The type of milk consumed by the subjects was mainly white milk, with a milk intake mostly between one and two cups. Participants in the school milk program consumed over the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) of calcium, but non-participants consumed only 48.1% of the RNI (P<0.001). The calcium intake rate according to food cooking methods, from highest to lowest was in the order bap, twigim, jeon, jjim, and gui. Although the food intake rate of guk was low, the calcium intake rate by RNI was the highest for guk. On the other hand, the food intake rate of bap and kimchi was high, but their calcium intake rate by RNI was relatively low. These results show that non-participants in the school milk program are significantly deficient in calcium. Therefore, to improve the calcium nutrition for children, school lunch menus containing high calcium need to be developed and children should be encouraged to enter a school milk program.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.481-487
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 학교급식 효율성에 대한 측정변수인 잔반량에 대한 아침식사 빈도의 영향력을 측정하고자 하였다. 동시에 급식만족도와 급식경영형태가 잔반량에 미치는 영향력과 아침식사 빈도에 따른 영향력을 비교하여 각 독립변수의 기여도를 검증하였다. 연구결과에 따르면 잔반량에 영향을 미치는 각각의 독립변수의 설명력은 급식만족도가 38%, 급식운영 형 태가 3%, 아침식사 섭취 빈도가 6%인 것으로 나타났다 즉, 아침식사 빈도는 학교급식에서 제공되는 식사의 잔반량에 영향을 주는 변수인 것으로 확인되었다 특히 아침식사 빈도가 낮은 학생일수록 급식만족도에 따른 잔반량의 차이가 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 또한 급식만족도 변수 중 메뉴 요인은 잔반량에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 요인이었으며 급식경영유형에 따른 잔반량의 차이는 유의적이지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 학교급식에서 잔반량은 학생들의 영양소 섭취량에 직접적인 영향을 미치므로, 학교급식의 만족도를 높이고 잔반량을 줄이기 위한 지속적인 노력이 필요한 가운데 균형잡힌 영양소의 섭취와 올바른 식습관 확립, 그리고 두뇌 및 지각능력 향상의 관점에서뿐만 아니라 학교급식 효율성 향상을 위해 규칙적인 아침식사 섭취의 중요성이 더욱 강조되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.256-267
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• 2009

초등학생의 아침식사 실태를 살펴보고 아침결식 여부에 따른 아침식사 관련 영양지식과 식행동, 수면 및 운동시간, 스트레스, 학업성적, 교우, 체형인식의 차이를 알아보고자 2007년 12월에 대전지역 초등학교 6학년생 237명 (남자 119명, 여자 118명)의 설문조사를 통해 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 아침식사를 일주일에 6${\sim}$7회하는 아침식사군은 58.6%, 0${\sim}$5 회 하는 아침결식군은 41.4%로 조사되어 다른 연구들 보다 높은 결식 실태를 보여주었다. 가족형태는 핵가족이 84.4%로 가장 많았고, 출생 순위는 첫째와 둘째라고 대답한 경우가 46% 정도로 비슷한 비율을 보였다. 직업을 가지고 있는 어머니의 비율이 63.8% 이었고 가족의 월수입은 200${\sim}$400 만원에 해당하는 경우가 51.1%로 가장 많았는데 아침결식에 따른 차이가 있었다. 조사대상 아동의 79.8%가 밥을 포함한 한식의 형태로 아침식사를 하고 있었고 아침식사군에서 한식 형태로 식사하는 비율이 높았다. 아침결식을 하는 이유로 '입맛이 없어서'와 '시간이 없어서'의 대답이 가장 많았으며 아침식사군에서 가족 모두 아침을 먹는 비율이 아침결식군보다 유의적으로 높았다. 아침식사 관련 영양지식의 점수는 여학생의 영양지식 총점이 유의적으로 높았고, 남학생에서 아침식사군의 영양지식 총점이 아침결식군보다 높았다. 남학생의 경우 아침식사와 체중조절과의 관계 1문항, 아침식사의 중요성과 역할에 관한 3문항의 점수가 아침결식군보다 아침식사군에서 유의적으로 높았으며 아침결식의 위해성과 아침식사 내용에서 한식의 영양적 우수성에 대한 항목은 점수가 0.5정도로 낮았다. 식행동 점수는 여학생이 남학생보다 유의적으로 높은 점수를 보였고 아침식사군이 아침결식군보다더 높은 식행동 점수를 보여 일반적인 식행동도 아침식사군이 바람직한 것으로 나타났다. 남학생의 경우 아침결식군에서 6시간 이하로 수면을 취하는 아동의 비율은 아침식사군보다 높았다. 여학생의 경우 아침결식군에서 스트레스를 많이 받는 비율이 높았고, 학업이 낮다고 대답한 비율이 높았으며, 친구가 많다고 대답한 비율이 아침식사군보다 낮았다. 그러므로, 학동기 아동의 아침결식은 육체적 문제뿐 아니라 정신적인 문제에도 영향을 미치므로 아침결식을 줄이기 위한 다각적인 노력이 필요하다. 일찍 자고 일찍 일어나는 올바른 생활습관을 통하여 아침식사 시간을 확보해야 하며, 가족모두 아침을 먹을 수 있는 환경을 마련하고, 아침에 입맛이 없는 어린이의 식욕을 돋우어 줄 수 있는, 한식 형태의 영양적이고 간편한 아침식단의 개발과 보급이 시급할 것으로 보인다. 또한 영양교육 시 가족이 함께 하는 식사의 중요성을 강조하고 아침결식을 하는 아동들은 다른 식행동도 바람직하지 못한 경향이므로 아침식사의 중요성과 아침결식의 위해성을 강조하는 체계적이고 효과적인 프로그램의 개발이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a comprehensive health promotion program for North Korean young adult defectors in South Korea. Methods: The comprehensive health promotion program consisted of nutrition, mental healthcare, physical activity and sexual behavior was developed on the basis of need assessment results. For the evaluation of the program, 70 North Korean young adults who were attending two alternative schools for North Korean defectors were recruited. The program had taken place once a week for 13 or 19 weeks. Effectiveness of the health promotion program was evaluated using anthropometric measurement, 3-day food records and a questionnaires that comprised the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Short Form with 36 questions (SF-36) and health behaviors. The surveys were proceeded at the beginning and after the program. Results: After health promotion program, participants' height was significantly increased (p=0.004) and body fat mass (0=0.004) and percentage of body fat mass (p=0.003) were significantly decreased. The number of subjects who ate breakfast alone was decreased whereas the number of subjects who ate breakfast with friends was increased (p<0.001). There were no significant changes in dietary intakes, mental health status and quality of life. North Korean young adult defectors' willingness to participate and interests in the health promotion program were high, however the practice rate was low. Conclusion: The health promotion program could induce interests and willingness to participate, but bring about limited effects on the health behaviors. These results imply that a health promotion program for North Korean young adult defectors should have a long-term strategy as well as short-term plan. Furthermore, it should be based on their health problems, health related behaviors, academic performance and daily life matters.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.73-87
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• 1999

The objectives of this study were to survey stress, eating behavior, and the influences of stress on eating behavior of high school boys and girls. The subjects of this study were 510 high school students(boys 240, girls 270) in Cheongju area. The questionaires were distributed to 510 students, self-evaluated and collected from Mar. 23 to Apr. 4, 1998. The results of this study were as follows： First, the third grade students of high school were suffering from many stress. The rate of such students was 33.9% of total students. Second, eating problems of students were unbalanced diet, irregular diet, omitting a meal. The most irregular meal was breakfast, especially girl students ate breakfast more irregular than boy students. Third, the higher the level of stress of stress of the students, the more eating problem existed. The more students met with stress, the more eating behavior was irregular in eating quantity. In conclusion, stress influences eating behavior of high school students negatively. Therefore, to improve eating behavior of students who are suffering from stress, the program on stress release and nutrition education should be developed and supplied to them.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.59-72
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• 1999

The objectives of this study were to survey stress, eating behavior, and the influences of stress on eating behavior of high school boys and girls. The subjects of this study were 510 high school students(boys 240, girls 270) in Cheongju area. The questionaires were distributed to 510 students, self-evaluated and collected from Mar. 23 to Apr. 4, 1998. The results of this study were as follows： First, the third grade students of high school were suffering from many stress. The rate of such students was 33.9% of total students. Second, eating problems of students were unbalanced diet, irregular diet, omitting a meal. The most irregular meal was breakfast, especially girl students ate breakfast more irregular than boy students. Third, the higher the level of stress of stress of the students, the more eating problem existed. The more students met with stress, the more eating behavior was irregular in eating quantity. In conclusion, stress influences eating behavior of high school students negatively. Therefore, to improve eating behavior of students who are suffering from stress, the program on stress release and nutrition education should be developed and supplied to them.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.489-499
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• 2010

The effects of a nutritional education program for first grade middle school students were evaluated from August to December, 2006. The study subjects were 82 boys and 90 girls, residing in Gwangju, Korea. To assess the effects of the nutritional education program, pre- and post-questionnaires examining nutritional knowledge, dietary attitudes, and dietary habits were developed. Paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA were used to evaluate the effects of the nutritional education program. In the general subject, the main after-school activities were studying, watching TV, and using computer (85.5%), and sports (9.3%), suggesting their low physical activity. Parents (46.5%) were indicated as the source of nutritional education rather than teachers (13.4%). Twenty-five percent of girl students had diet experience of skipping meals (54.6%), suggesting the need of proper nutritional education for adolescents' health care. In dietary attitudes, both genders showed some improvement of recognition after education. In the changes in dietary habits, both genders had a significant effect on 'three meals a day, eating breakfast, and regular meal' after education. After education, the rate of having breakfast everyday increased from 52.4% to 65.9% for boys and from 33.3%to 57.8% for girls. In the changes in nutritional knowledge, the appreciation of the importance of school meals increased in both genders from 50.6% to 80.8% after education. The nutritional knowledge, scores of regular eating and well-mannered eating increased in both genders regardless of the students' characteristics. The study results revealed that this education provided an important motivation to improve basic nutritional knowledge and dietary habit. It is recommended to develop systematic and various educational programs and learning materials tailored to subjects before nutritional education.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.482-491
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• 2007

This study was carried out to find out differences about meal conditions and food preference between non-obese and obese elementary school children. Ten children(non-obese 5 and obese 5) from each of the nationwide 192 schools were surveyed by self-developed questionnaire. Total of 1,767 questionnaires(815 from non-obese and 952 from obese children) were collected and data were analyzed using SPSS 12.0 program. The results of the comparative analysis were summarized as follows. There was not significantly different in height between non-obese $group(151.0{\pm}12.5cm)$ and obese $group(151.2{\pm}12.3cm)$. But BMI was significant difference between non-obese $group(18.0{\pm}2.2cm)$ and obese $group(27.3{\pm}3.2cm)$. Economical status was not significantly different between 2 groups. But educational level of parents and mother’ job were significant differences between 2 groups. Only 2/3 of the subjects reported to have breakfast at regular basas, regularity of having breakfast was not significantly different between 2 groups. Also regularity of having lunch during vacation was not significantly different between 2 groups. But Reasons of skipping breakfast and lunch were significantly different between 2 groups. Regularity of having dinner, reasons of skipping dinner, intake amount in dinner, and frequency of having snacks were significantly different between 2 groups. But the time required for lunch and dinner were under 20 minutes of 60-80% of the subjects, and were not significantly different between 2 groups. Non-obese group have liked fast foods, fruits & juices, sweets, and cakes & cookies than obese group. Obese group have liked meat & meat products and ramyeon, but they have not eaten those foods frequently because of anxiety about being more fatty. These findings suggested that nutrition education programs include different strategy according to obesity and obese prevention program is needed for non-obese school children.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to collect basic data for the development of oral health education program of parents and to encourage their actual interest and participation in school oral health program. The authors surveyed parents' awareness and behaviors about the oral health of their children. The subjects in this study were 193 parents of elementary school children in Seoul. The collected data were analyzed, the obtained results were as follows: 1. Thirty-five percent of the parents investigated paid a regular visit to a dental clinic. The most common tooth brushing time among them was after dinner, the second was after breakfast, and this was followed by before bedtime and before breakfast 2. Ninety-four percent of the parents responded that prevention is necessary, 92.2% had a plan to visit a dental clinic to prevent dental caries, and 60.1% experienced receiving pit and fissure sealants. Ninety-seven percent responded that they did check their children's dental caries. 54.9% checked their children's oral status after tooth brushing. The parents who visit a dental clinic on a regular basis were more likely to check their children's teeth after tooth brushing than those who don't(P<0.05). 3. Eighty eight percent of respondents wanted to keep the fluoride mouth rinse program. 4. It is recommended that an oral health education program be developed for parents to visit dental clinics on a regular basis, to educate as to the right tooth brushing time, and to check out their children's oral status after tooth brushing.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2023

본 연구는 한국의 청소년들이 학교에서 받는 영양 및 식습관 교육이 실제로 식생활 문화와 어떠한 연관성과 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 한다. 본 연구의 대상과 방법은 2022년도(제18차) 청소년건강행태온라인조사(KYRSB) 자료를 이용한 이차분석연구이다. 아침식사 빈도, 아침식사 결식 이유, 과일, 고카페인 음료, 단맛 나는 음료, 패스트푸드, 채소, 우유, 물, 야식 섭취 빈도를 변수로 SPSS프로그램을 활용하여 통계적 유의성을 확인하였다. 학교에서 영양·식습관 교육을 받은 그룹과 받지 않은 그룹은 아침 식사, 패스트푸드, 야식에 대해 유의한 차이 있었다(p<.001). 아침식사 섭취 빈도를 비교한 결과, 교육을 받은 그룹이 7일 이상 먹는 비율이 높았고, 0일의 경우는 교육을 받지 않는 그룹이 높게 나타났다. 우유 섭취에 대해서는 교육을 받지 않은 그룹이 더 높은 비율로 먹지 않았고, 물 섭취에 대해서도 교육을 받지 않은 그룹이 더 높은 비율로 1컵 미만으로 먹었다. 본 연구는 학교에서의 영양·식습관 교육, 아침 식사 및 음료 섭취에 대한 개선을 위한 연구의 기초자료 및 학교에서의 영양·식습관 교육이 더욱 효과적일 수 있는 방안 연구의 토대로 활용하고자 하였다.