• 생명과학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.241-248
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• 1998

In an attempt to investigate the effects of Samultang, Samultang-Mixed-Kamibulhwangumjungkisan extract on the ability of rat to recover from exhaustion after severe exercise. The results are as follows 1. Lactate was found to show remarkable decrease in the rat with administration of Samultang-Mixed-Kamibulhwangumjungkisan group at 120 min (p<0.001). 2. LDH showed elevation in the rat with administration of Samultang-Mixed-Kamibulhwangumjungkisan group 120 min.(p<0.05) 3. Glucose showed elevation in the rat with administration of Samultang-Mixed-Kamibulhwangumjungkisan group at 120 min.(p<0.05) 4. FFA showed decrease in the rat with adminstration of Samultang-Mixed-Kamibulhwangumjungkisan hroup at 120min.(p<0.05) From these results, we recoginized that the effects of Samul-tangmixedKamiBulhwangumjungkisan group is better than Samultang group on the recovery of exercise induced fatigue.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.185-201
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• 1998

The present experiment was desined to examine catecholamines, 5-hydroxytryptamine, amino acids, malondialdehyde(MDA) and free radical scavening activity, by administering Samultang extract of a variety of concentraction to senile brain The results were summarized as followings: 1. Samultang significantly increased noradrenaline in the cortex, striatum, hippocampus and hypothalamus of the brain tissue of senile rats, and even though Samultang increased noradrenaline also in other brain tissue, there was no significance. 2. Samultang had effects on dopamine changes in hypothalamus of the brain tissue of senile rats. 3. Samultang significantly increased 5-hydrotryptamine in pons-medulla oblongota and cerebellum, but decreased in hypothalamus. 4. Samultang increased amino acid in the brain tissue of senile rats. 5. Samultang significantly decresed lipid peroxide production in the brain tissue of senile rats. 6. Samultang significantly decresed MDA and free radical in the brain tissue of senile rats. According to the above results, Samultang is assumed to improve brain function by reacting on biochemical of the senile brain, and that Samultang can be used to treat regressive brain disease carrying symptoms of psychoactive disorders.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2011

This study aims to summarize and make a reference of Sagunjatang and Samultang by investigating and comparing the effects of prescriptions. In this process, this review surveyed all papers used Sagunjatang and Samultang in PubMed database and finally 36 papers were included. The publication year, the nations of authors, the type of materials, the formation of experiments, the type of herbal medicine, and their action and mechanisms were analyzed. The number of studies on Sagjunjatang and Samultang has increased since 1990's. The main formation of experiments was in vivo study and the portion was 55%. The proportion of the research using prescriptions was 71%. Sagunjatang was investigated in the field of GI track function, anticancer effect, radioprotective effect and etc. Samultang was studied in the field of anticancer effect, brain cognitive function, anti-inflammatory effect, cell protective effect, and etc. Based on these results, Sagunjatang and Samultang showed the different bioactivities. This study will provide the useful information on differentiation and analysis of the effect of herbal prescriptions by the theory of Korean traditional medicine.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.237-244
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• 2006

Samultang has been believed for prevention and remedy various blood diseases such as menstrual irregularity, anemia, and metrorrhagia. However, the mechanism that accounts for anti-inflammatory effects of the Samultang is still not fully understood. This study was designed to evaluate whether and how the Samultang could modulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore A23187 treated-human mast cell line, HMC-1. Samultang inhibited the production of tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-\alpha$, interleukin (IL)-6, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in HMC-1. Maximal inhibition rate of $TNF-\alpha$, IL-6, GM-CSF, and VEGF by 0.1 mg/ml Samultang was about $70.73{\pm}3.0%,\;51.49{\pm}4.14%,\;54.03{\pm}2.09%$, and $47.95{\pm}7.86%$, respectively. Samultang partially blocked PMA plus A23187-induced cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression. In addition, Samultang inhibited activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kB, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. These results suggest that anti-inflammatory effect of Samulatng may be mediated by the suppression of cytokine production and COX-2 activation via down-regulation of NF-kB and ERK activation.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.152-159
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• 2017

Background: In this study, examined the effects of an extract of a mixture of Angelica gigas, Cnidium officinale, Paeonia lactiflora, and Rehmannia glutinosa fermented by Leuconostoc mesenteroides, with enhanced value and functionality. In oriental medicine, a mixture of these herbs is called Samultang. Methods and Results: In this study, we evaluated the effects of a fermented extract of Samultang on oxidative stress, procollagen type I expression, and melanin production. Samultang was extracted with 70% ethanol, followed by inoculation with Leuconostoc mesenteroides to obtain the fermented extract. The evaluation of viability of B16F10 cells and human foreskin fibroblast (HHF) revealed that both ethanol and fermented extracts of Samultang were non-toxic. The results of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test showed that the fermented extract of Samultang ($SC_{50}value=100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) was a more effective DPPH free radical scavenger than its ethanol extract. In addition, procollagen type I expression was higher in cells treated with the fermented extract of Samultang than in cells treated with ethanol. In the non-toxic concentration range, the fermented extract of Samultang showed strong inhibitory effect on melanin production in ${\alpha}-melanocyte$ stimulatin hormone-stimulated B16F10 cells ($IC_{50}=37.9{\mu}g/m{\ell}$). Conclusions: These results suggest that the fermented extract of Samultang has considerable protential as a cosmetic ingredient owing to its antioxidant, anti-wrinkle, and whitening effects.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.427-437
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• 2019

Oxidative stress and overproduction of free radicals have been reported to be a major pathological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. Samultang has been known as a beneficial agent to treat liver disease and cardiovascular diseases. However, the anti-oxidant activities and neuro-protective effects of Samultang against oxidative stress still have not been evaluated yet. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-oxidant and protective effects of Samultang and its four herbal plants, Paeonia lactiflora (PL), Ligusticum striatum (LS), Rehmannia glutinosa (RG), and Angelica gigas (AG), in vitro system and in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. The extracts of Samultang strongly increased the radical scavenging activities of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical (${\cdot}OH$), and nitric oxide (NO) in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, we investigated the protective effects of Samultang on cellular damage against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) in SH-SY5Y cells. Treatment with Samultang alleviated the oxidative stress from $H_2O_2$ by increasing the cell viability and decreasing the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels. Based on these results, we further investigated the radical scavenging effects of PL, LS, RG, and AG. In our results, PL had the highest DPPH, ${\cdot}OH$, and NO radical scavenging activities. Thus, PL has a crucial role in Samultang, which has anti-oxidative and neuro-protective effects. The present research suggests that Samultang and PL have protective roles against oxidative stress from $H_2O_2$-induced neuronal cell death.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.643-650
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• 2007

본 실험에서는 한방 재료를 이용한 건강 기능성 식빵의 제조 가능성을 알아보고자, 우선 보혈제의 기본 처방인 사물탕을 첨가하는 경우 식빵의 품질에 어떤 영향을 끼치는 지 검토고자 하였다. 사물탕은 당귀, 백작약, 숙지황 및 천궁을 각각 4.68 g씩 혼합하여 $120^{\circ}C$에서 3시간 동안 탕재하였다. 식빵 반죽 시 첨가하는 물의 25%(S-I), 50%(S-II), 75%(S-III) 또는 100%(S-IV)를 사물탕으로 대체하여 4종의 사물탕 첨가 식빵을 제조하였다. 본 실험 결과, 식빵 반죽의 pH는 사물탕 첨가로 유의하게 낮아졌는바, 식빵 반죽의 발효에 보다 적합한 환경을 제공한 것으로 판단된다. 식빵 반죽의 젖은 글루텐 함량은 사물탕 첨가로 유의하게 높아져 역시 식빵 적성을 개선하는 효과를 보였다. 식빵 반죽의 색도에 있어, 명도는 사물탕 첨가로 점차 유의하게 낮아진 반면에 적색도와 황색도는 유의하게 높아졌다. 식빵 반죽의 무게와 식빵의 무게는 사물탕 첨가에 따른 유의한 영향을 받지 않았으며 따라서 식빵의 굽기 손실율도 영향을 받지 않았다. 식빵의 모양 및 부피와 비용적 등 식빵의 형태적 특성은 사물탕 첨가로 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 식빵의 수분함량은 사물탕 첨가로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 단백질과 회분함량은 유의하게 높아졌다. 사물탕 첨가는 반죽의 색도뿐만 아니라, 식빵의 속 색도에도 유의한 영향을 끼쳤다. 즉, 사물탕 첨가로 식빵 속의 명도는 낮아졌고 황색도와 적색도는 높아졌다. 텍스쳐 측정 결과, 사물탕 첨가는 식빵의 경도를 증가시켰으나 부착성, 탄력성 및 응집성에는 영향을 끼치지 않았다. 저장 3일과 5일에 식빵의 수분함량은 유의성은 없었으나, 사물탕 첨가 식빵은 감소 정도가 작았다. 식빵의 X-선 회절도는 사물탕의 첨가에 따른 영향을 보이지 않았다. 관능평가 결과 사물탕 첨가는 식빵의 대칭성, 맛, 경도 및 기공성에는 영향을 끼치지 않았으나, 식빵의 겉과 속의 색을 어둡게 하였고, 이취를 높였으며, 부피감과 점착성을 유의성있게 증가시켰다. 그러나 부피감과 점착성의 향상은 물론 어두운 색과 이취는 긍정적으로 평가되어 전체적인 기호도는 물의 50%를 사물탕으로 대체한 식빵이 가장 높았다. 본 연구결과는 물 대신 사물탕을 사용해 식빵을 제조하는 경우 제빵 적성 및 식빵의 품질을 개선시킬 수 있고 기호성을 향상시킬 수 있음을 시사한다. 따라서 혈액순환과 조혈기능을 촉진하는 건강 기능성 식빵으로서의 개발 가능성이 있다고 판단된다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.357-374
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• 1997

In order to investigate the effects of Sakunjatang(四君子湯) and Samultang(四物湯) aqua-acupuncture on immune response, Sprague-Dawley male rats were used and randomly divided into four group. Normal group was normal control, Control group was injected i.v. with 2mg/kg MTX on 9th and 11th day after sensitization with SRBC on 5th day, Sakunjatang aqua-acupunctured group(Sample A) was aqua-acupunctured daily for 18 days into the locus corresponding Bisu(B20) locus of the human body to Rat and MTX was administered 9th and 11th experimental day, Samultang aqua-acupunctured group(Sample B) was aqua-acupunctured daily for 18 days into the locus coresponding Bisu(B20) locus of the human body to Rat and MTX was administered 9th and 11th experimental day. In the 9th day and the 11th day after aqua-acupuncture, MTX was injected to reduce immune function in the tail of rat. leukocyte count, lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte count of spleen, lymphocyte count of bonemarrow, contact hypersensitivity to DNFB, morphologic change of thymus cell, and electropherogram of serum protein. The result were summarized as follows: 1. Before MTX injection, leukocyte count had no significant difference in Sakunjatang aqua-acupunctured group and Samultang aqua-acupunctured group compared to control group and after MTX injection, leukocyte count had no significant difference Sakunjatang aqua-acupunctured group and Samultang aqua-acupunctured group. 2. Before MTX injection, lymphocyte ratio was decreased significantly Sakunjatang aqua-acupunctured group and Samultang aqua-acupunctured group compared to control group. 3. After MTX injection, lymphocyte ratio was increased significantly Sakunjatang aqua-acupunctured group, Samultang aqua-acupunctured group had no significant difference compared to control group. 4. The lymphocyte count of spleen was increased significantly Sakunjatang aqua-acupunctured group and Samultang aqua-acupunctured group compared to control group. 5. The lymphocyte count of bonemarrow was increased significantly Sakunjatang aqua-acupunctured group, Samultang aqua-acupunctured group had no significant difference compared to control group. 6. Contact hypersensitivity was no significant difference in Sakunjatang aqua-acupunctured group and Samultang aqua-acupunctured group compared to control group. 7. In the morphologic change of thymus cell, control group compared to normal group had a indistinct boundary between cortex and medulla, and lymphocyte cell density of thymus was low, Sakunjatang aqua-acupuryctured group had a distinct boundary between cortex and medulla, and lymphocyte cell density of thymus was high. 8. In the SDS-PAGE electrophorogram of serum protein, Sakunjatang aqua-acupunctured group and Samultang aqua-acupunctured group had a wide band of nearby 50,000 and 25,000 Dalton which meant IgG generate more activity.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.38-55
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was designed to find out the anti-cancer effects of Samultang-Gami which was composed of Rehmanniae Radix(RR), Angelicae Gigantis Radix(AGR), Cnidii Rhizoma(CR), Paeoniae Radix(PR), Cortex Moutan Radicis(CMR), Hedyotis Diffusa(HD) and Caesalpinia Sappan on HeLa, HepG2 and AGS cells. Methods: Various cancer cell lines including HeLa, HepG2 and AGS cells, were used. In vitro anti-cancer effects were measured by MTT assay using cancer cell lines treated with various concentrations of 70% ethanol extract of Samultang-Gami. Expression of cell cycle arrest mediators including Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and DARP-1 proteins were measured by Western blot analysis. Results: 1. Samultang-Gami decreased the viability of HeLa and HepG cells in a dosedependent manner. 2. AGR, CMR, PR and HD decreased the viability of HeLa, HepG2 and AGS cells. 3. We could observe that the decreased Bax and Bcl-2 expression level and the increased PARP-1 expression level by Samultang-Gami extracts treated in HeLa cells. 4. We could observe that the decreased Bcl-2 expression level and the increased Bax, p53 and PARP-1 expression level by RR extracts treated in HeLa cells. and also could observe that the reduction of the protein level of Bcl-2, p53 and PARP-1 and the increase of the protein level of Bax by PR in HeLa cells. 5. We could observe that the increased p53 expression level, the decreased PARP-1's that and the unchanged Bax and Bcl-2's that by Samultang-Gami extracts treated in HepG2 cells. 6. We could observe that the reduced Bcl-2 expression level by each of RR extracts and PR extracts in HepG2 cells. 7. The treatment of Samultang-Gami in AGS cells didn't have any effect on the expression level of Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and PARP-1. 8. We could observe that the increased p53 and PARP-1 expression level by each of CR, RR and PR extracts in AGS cells. Conclusion: Taken together, we suggest that Samultang-Gami exhibits cytotoxic effects on HeLa, HepG2 and AGS cells, causing apoptosis. The results showed that Samultang-Gami may do so by regulating the expression of specific target molecules that promote efficient apoptotic cell death in a dose-dependent manner.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제3권
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• pp.207-222
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• 1994

In order to find out the effect of Anti-Histamine of the Sungmagalkuntang and Sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang I've investigated the effect of the time to death, the peripheral vascular Pemeability, the amount of secretion of Gastric Juice, the total Acidity of Gastric Juice, the contraction of Intestine Tube by Histamine and the effect of the Skin-Reaction by the decrease of DNCB. These results are following ; 1. The effect of Mice's time to death by Histamine was that the injection group of sungmagalkungtang and the injection group of sungmagalkungtang-plus-samultang both have had the effect of the extention of the time to death, which indicated a statistical significance in comparison with comparative group. 2. The effect of the increased vascular permeability by Histamine was that the injection group of sungmagalkuntang and the injection group of sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang both have had the effect of the restraint of the increased vascular permeability, which indicated a statistical significance in comparison with comparative group. 3. The effect of the the amount of the secretion of Gastric Juice by Histamine stimulus was that the injection group of sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang only has had the effect of restraint of the increased of the secretion of Gastric Juice, which indicated a statistical significance in comparison with comparative group. 4. The effect of the change of total Acidity of Gastric Juice by Histamine's stimulus was that the injection group of sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang only has had the effect of the restraint of the increase of total Acidity of Gastric Juice, which indicated a statistical significance in comparison with comparative group. 5. The effect of the contraction of Intestine Tube by Histamine was that sungmagalkuntang and sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang both have had the effect of the contraction and the restraint. According to the increase of the density, the effect of the restraint was more clear. But the difference of the effects between two substances had little. 6. The effect of the reaction of skin by the decrease of DNCB was that the injection group of sungmagalkuntang and the injection group of sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang have had the decreased effect of the Skin-Reaction in comparison with comparative group. sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang aws more effective. In these results shown above, both sungmagalkuntang and sungmagalkuntang-plus-samultang was shown as more effective one.