• 한국연초학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.163-171
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• 1994

This experiment was conducted to investigate the discrimination of cigarette brands and the similarity between Korea and America cigarette brands by near infrared spectra. Statistical tools such as principal component analysis (PCA) and mahalanobis distance(M.D) were used. The discrimination rate of the Korea and the America cigarette brands, determined by position number which was calculated with PCA and M.D, was 94% and 87%, respectively. The spectra of the 10 America cigarette brands were selected by averaging 5 sample spectra for each brand and another 5 spectra for each brand were investigated to use as the sample spectra. Comparing the sample spectra with the selected spectra by M.D using 410-1090 nm, 1110-1850 nm and 1970-2490 nm wavelength, the discrimination rate which was determined by the closest M.D between the sample and the selected spectra was 100% when each spectra was investigated on the same time. But the discrimination rate decreased 50% when the sample and the selected spectra were investigated on the different time. Excluding 1970-2490 nm wavelength, the discrimination rate increased up to 90% when the sample and the selected spectra were investigated on the different time. Comparing the spectra of Korea cigarette brands with those of America cigarette brands by M.D using only 410-1090 nm and 1110-1850 nm wavelength, the spectra of Expo(G) was similar to Winston, Vantage(U.L) and Benson & hedges(M.), the spectra of Hanaro(D) was similar to Carrel, Winston(L), Vantage(U.L), \Vantage and Carrel(L), the spectra of Hanaro(L) was similar to Winston(L) , Carton, Vantage and Carmel(L) and the spectra of Pinetree was similar to Kent, Kool, Kent(G.L), Merit and Benson & hedges(L), respectively. Key Words : NIRS, cigarette brands discrimination

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.979-982
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• 2003

Two rapeseed meal samples (Sample A, hybrid 5900 and sample B, double low rapeseed No.4) obtained from China and one Canola meal sample obtained from a local crushing plant in Canada were used to investigate the amino acid degradability of rapeseed/Canola meal in rumen and amino acid digestibility of ruminal incubation residues by precision-fed rooster bioassay. Results show that in ruminal incubation the degradation rate of non amino acid nitrogen in crude protein is higher than that for amino acid nitrogen in crude protein, the results also suggest that the degradation rate of amino acid nitrogen in Chinese rapeseed meal sample B was lower than that for Canadian Canola, but that in Chinese rapeseed meal sample A is much close to that for Canadian canola meal. For all amino acids the digestibility of the bypass or residual protein as measured by the precision-fed rooster bioassay tended to be lower for Chinese rapeseed meal sample A than for sample B or Canadian canola meal which had similar digestibility values. However following a calculation of total amino acid availability, involving the digestibility of amino acids in the rumen and rooster bioassay the results are less contradictory. Results indicated that in traditional roasting-expelling process, heat treatment, especially dry heat treatmeat could decrease amino acids degradability in rumen of rapeseed/canola meal, but also may decrease total availability of amino acids of rapeseed/canola meal.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제10권1호통권22호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2007

In order to study the effects of Pinus densiflora on hyperlipidemia and lipid in rats, we divided the rats into groups(Normal group, Control group and Sample group) and perfomed the experimental research. Hyperlipidemia and lipid in rats were induced by high fat diets for 8weeks. The sample group was administerd the extract of Pinus densiflora for 14 days and control group was administerd equal dose of oral. And then we measured the amount of serum triglyceride, Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, Free Fatty Acid, phospholipid, Insuline, Laptin, Body weight, epididymis fat weight & rate, epididymis fat cell, Cardiac Risk Factor(CRF). The results were as followers : 1. Sample Group showed decreasing effects on Total cholesterol, Trigylceride, LDL-cholesterol, and Phospholipid levels in serum and CRF significantly. 2. Sample Group showed increasing effects on HDL-cholesterol level in serum significantly. 3. Sample Group showed decreasing effects on Insuline in serum significantly. 4. Sample Group showed increasing effects on Laptin in serum significantly. 5. Sample Group showed decreasing effects on Body weight, epididymis fat weight & rate, epididymis fat cell significantly. According to the above results, Pinus densiflora showed significant decreasing effects on hyperlipidemia and lipid in rats, it is considered that it is appropriate to apply for hyperlipidemia, obesity.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.135-145
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• 2008

기종점자료(Origin-Destination 자료: 이하 OD)는 교통수요예측에 있어 필수적인 정보로서 이를 실제조사하거나 또는 추정하기 위하여 수많은 기법들이 활용되었다. 기존의 OD 추정기법은 일정한 가구 표본을 추출하여 이를 전수화하는 것이 일반적이었으나, 정확도의 문제점을 내포하고 있었다. 이를 보완하기 위하여 링크 교통량, 표본링크이용비 등의 추가 정보를 활용하여 OD를 추정하는 연구들이 지속적으로 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구는 프로브 차량자료에서 수집된 정보를 추가 정보로 활용하여 OD를 추정하는 연구로 시 공간적으로 변동하는 적정 표본율을 찾아내는 것을 목표로 한다. 본 연구에서는 각 링크의 교통량 오차율을 목적함수로 설정하였으며, 가상 네트워크에 대한 사례분석 결과 전수화된 OD와 실제OD 간의 MAE는 약 5.28%로 나타났다. 유비퀴터스 환경 하에서 획득된 다양한 실시간 정보는 본 연구에서 제시된 방법에 의해 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 이와 관련한 연구의 한계와 향후 과제를 제시하였다.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.138-141
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 다단계 구조의 유리수배 표본화율 변환기의 계산 효율성을 메모리 사용량과 초당 곱셈 수 측면에서 정량적으로 평가한다. 그리고 다단계 구조에서 해상도 보존 조건과 서로소 조건을 설명하고, 각 단계의 최적 변환 비율을 유리수배로 직접 얻을 수 있는 설계 과정을 제시한다. 실제 예로, 44.1KHz 에서 48KHz 로의 표본화율 변환기를 2단계 구조로 구현한 예를 보인다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.738-744
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• 1990

본 논문은 음성신호의 실시간 저장법과 기존 표본 데이터에서 개선된 표본 데이터 방법을 제안하여, 신경회로망의 역전파 학습 알고리즘을 이용한 고립 단어 음성인식 시스템에 대하여 연구하였다. 각 층의 노드 수 변화에 의한 기존 표본 데이터방식과 새로운 표본 데이터 방식에서의 인식률과 에러율 변화를 비교하였다. 본 연구 결과, 인식률은 95.1%를 얻었다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2005

This study aims to measure stretch rate of standard weight in the $2{\times}1$ rib stitch and $2{\times}2$ rib stitch, and to apply features of rib stitch to the knit pattern. The reviewer examined the sample knit for test with 100% wool, $2/48's{\times}2$, 12 gauge, and then made knit patterns and sample clothes for test considering stretch rate of standard weight of 10gf, 15gf, 20gf, 25gf based on the results from the former test, and finally estimated the try-outs for sample clothes. This study came out with the following results: From the functional estimate of knit patterns made by standard stretch rate of each stitch, the 20gf weight sample clothes of $2{\times}1$ and $2{\times}2$ rib stitchs were in high estimate. For the bust, B/4~ -4.6cm knit pattern was made of $2{\times}1$ rib stitch, B/4~5.3cm of $2{\times}2$ rib stitch. In conclusion, because $2{\times}1$ and $2{\times}2$ rib stitchs has the much higher stretch rate in the direction of the course than $0{\times}0$ ad $1{\times}1$ rib stitchs, high stretch rate of standard weight should be applied to the case of making knit wear. It is expected that this will lead stable sizing and measurement system when used in making knit patterns, and satisfy knit wearers' various needs.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2021

This study investigates the presence of the day-of-the-week anomaly in exchange rate for 30 developing countries with free floating exchange rate regimes using daily data from January 2, 2011 to December 31, 2019. First, we apply the GARCH panel to estimate the intraday effect for all the sampled countries. Second, we run poolability test to check whether the coefficients of the GARCH panel are the same for all countries sampled. The result of poolability test rejects the homogeneity assumption. This implies that our sample countries contain heterogeneity. Third, we apply mean-group estimation by averaging the coefficients for all individual GARCH estimations. Fourth, we divided our sample of developing countries into three groups based on capital restriction index for the reason that the effect of monetary policy on the exchange rate depends on the degree of capital account liberalization. The empirical evidence for the return equation suggests that Mondays are connected with lower volatility whereas Thursdays experiences higher return compared to Tuesdays. The lowest estimated coefficient for full sample, group 1 and group 2, is Friday, but for group 2 is Thursday. We find similar result for the volatility equations, which show that Monday returns are lower compared to Tuesday.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.1159-1165
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• 2007

이 연구에서는 시료의 이동과 보관이 시료교란에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 전라남도 광양시 OO지역에서 채취한 불교란 시료에 대해 현장과 서울 실험실, 그리고 서울 실험실에서 4주간 보관한 후 일축압축, 압밀시험을 수행하였다. 시험결과 얻은 파괴변형률$(\epsilon_f)$, 체적변형률$(\epsilon_{\nu})$, 간극비 변화량$({\Delta}e/e_0)$를 이용하여 시료교란도 평가를 수행하였고, 평가된 시료교란등급을 이용하여 이동과 보관에 대한 시료의 교란정도를 비교, 분석하였다. 연구결과 시료 이동과 보관이 시료교란에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(2)
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• pp.545-548
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• 2004

The paper describes the design of high-speed, high-resolution Sample-and-Hold circuit which shows the conversion rate 80MHz and the power supply of 3.3v with 0.35um CMOS 2-poly 4-metal process for high-speed, high resolution Analog-to-Digital Converter. For improving Dynamic performance of Sample-and-Hold, Two Double bootstrap switch and high performance operational amplifier with gain booster, which are used. and For physical stability of Sample and Hold circuit, reduces excess voltage of gate in bootstrap switch. Simulation results using HSPICE shows the SFDR of 71dB, 75dB in conversion rate of 80MHz result for two inputs(0.5Vpp, 10MHz and 1Vpp, 10MHz) and the power dissipation of 48mW at single 3.3V supply voltage.