• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.419-426
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• 2004

This experimental study was designed to investigate the effects of Yukgunja-tang(YGJT) on the inhibition of cerebral ischemia in rats. And We measured regional cerebral blood f1ow(rCBF) and pial arterial diameter(PAD) in cerebral ischemic rats, and cytokines production in serum Of cerebral ischemic rats. The results were as follows; Both rCBF and PAD were significantly and stably increased by YGJT(10 mg/kg, i.p.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, which contrasted with the findings of rapid and marked increase in control group. In cytokine production of serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after middle cerebral arterial occlusion(MCAO) 1 hr, IL-1β and TGF-β production of sample group were similar to that of control group, but sample group was decreased TNF-α production compared with control group, and was significantly increased IL-10 production in compared with control group. In cytokine production of serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after reperfusion 1 hr, sample group was significantly decreased IL-1β and TNF-α production compared with control group, but TGF-β production of sample group was similar to that of control group, and sample group was significantly increased IL-10 production compared with control group. In cytokine production of serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after reperfusion 4 hrs, sample group was significantly decreased IL-1β production compared with control group, and sample group was decreased TNF-α production in compared with control group, but TGF-β production of sample group was similar to that of control group, and sample group was increased IL-10 production compared with control group. This results were suggested that YGJT has inhibitive effect on the brain damage by inhibited IL-1β production and TNF-α production, but accelerated IL-10 production. We thought that YGJT should have an anti-ischemic effect through the improvement of cerebral hemodynamics and inhibitive effect on the brain damage.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1714-1721
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• 2004

This experimental study was designed to investigate the mechanism of Palmul-Tang(PMT) on the changes of cerebral hemodynamics in rats. The changes of cerebral hemodynamics in normal rats were as follows ; The PMT-induced increase in regional cerebral blood flow was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with indomethacin(1㎎/㎏, i.p.), an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, and was inhibited by methylene blue(10㎍/㎏, i.p.), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase. The PMT-induced dilation in pial arterial diameter was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with indomethacin and methylene blue. The PMT-induced increase in mean arterial blood pressure was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with indomethacin but was increased by methylene blue. This results were suggested that the mechanism of PMT was mediated by cyclooxygenase. The changes of cytokine production in cerebral ischemic rats were as follows ; In cytokine production of serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after middle cerebral arterial occlusion 1hr, sample group was decreased IL-1β and TNF-α production compared with control group, IL-10 production of sample group was similar to that of control group, but sample group was significantly increased TGF-β production compared with control group. In cytokine production of serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after reperfusion 1hr, sample group was significantly decreased IL-1β production compared with control group and decreased TNF-α production compared with control group. IL-10 production of sample group was similar to that of control group, but sample group was significantly increased TGF-β production compared with control group. In cytokine production of serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after reperfusion 4 hrs, sample group was significantly decreased IL-1β production compared with control group, but IL-10 production of sample group was similar to that of control group. sample group was increased TNF-α and TGF-β production compared with control group. These results suggested that PMT had inhibitive effect on the brain damage by inhibiting IL-1β and TNF-α production, but by accelerating TGF-β production. The present author thought that PMT had an anti-ischemic effect through the improvement of cerebral hemodynamics and inhibitive effect on the brain damage.

• 복식
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• 제65권2호
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• pp.62-74
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• 2015

The purpose of this research is to analyse the process of development and verification of 'National Competency Standards' of Hanbok production, which was carried out in 2013 for the fashion industry. As the result of this research, the definition of the duty in Hanbok production is 'to conduct a series of step-by-step processes of planning and developing fabric and design, then making pattern, cutting fabric and sewing.' The competency unit for Hanbok production is analyzed in 10 categories: analysis of market trends, design plan, production and manipulation of fabric, production process plan, sample making, pattern making, cutting out, sewing, finishing sewing, inspection of the product quality. Competency unit elements of each competency unit are as follows. 1) analysis of market trends: to research market trend resources, to analyse consumers' buying trend, to analyse industry changes, 2) design plan: to develop design, to plan fabrication, to draw flats, 3) production and manipulation of fabric: to develop fabric planning, to prepare fabric manipulation, to conduct fabric manipulation, 4) production process plan: to grasp design, to plan sewing method, to prepare a specification sheet, 5) sample making: to make a sample pattern, to cut sample fabrics, to sew sample, to finish sample making, 6) pattern making: to measure body, to make production pattern, to adjust production pattern, 7) cutting out: to care fabrics, to lay out patterns, to cut out fabrics, 8) sewing: to sew a garment, to sew a lining, to attach a lining, 9) finishing sewing: to neaten edges, to attach trims, to press to finish, 10) inspection of the product quality: to confirm correspondence with the specification sheet, to inspect appearance.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.413-415
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• 1989

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.185-196
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• 2007

Objective : This experimental Study was designed to investigate the effects of FOENICULI FRUCTUS(FF) on the change of inhibition lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity in neuronal cells and cytokines production in serum of cerebral ischemic rats. Method : FOENICULI FRUCTUS(FF)freeze dry powder and FF on the LDH activity in neuronal cells. Changes of FF on the physiological parameters(PaO2, PaCO2, MABP and HR) in crerbral ischemic rats. Effects of FF on the IL-1beta production, $TNF-{\alpha}$ production, $TGF-{\beta}$ production, and IL-10 in serum of cerebral ischemic rats. MCAO :. cytokines production of serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after MCAO 1 hr. Reperfusion : cytokines production of serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after reperfusion 1 hr. Results and Conclusion : 1. FF did not inhibit lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity in neuronal cells. 2. In serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after middle cerebral arterial occlusion(MCAO) 1 hr and reperfusion 1 hr, sample group was significantly decreased $IL-l{\beta}$ production compared with control group 3. In serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after MCAO 1 hr and reperfusion 1 hr, sample group was significantly decreased $TNF-{\alpha}$ production compared with control group. 4. In serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after MCAO 1 hr and reperfusion 1 hr, sample group was significantly increased $TGF-{\beta}$ production compared with control group. 5. In serum by drawing from femoral arterial blood after reperfusion 1 hr, sample group was significantly increased IL-10 production compared with control group. This results were suggested that FF had inhibitive effect on the brain damage by inhibited LDH activity, $IL-l{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$production, but accelerated $TGF-{\beta}$ production and IL-10 production.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2012

자동차는 2만 여개가 넘는 부품들로 구성되어 있다. 또한, 새시와 함께 자동차 내부에는 조향장치, 파워장치, 도어 록 장치 등 많은 전기 전자 및 센서들이 부가되어 수송 외 운전자가 주행 중 운전을 용이하게 수행할 수 있는 여러 가지 장치들이 별도로 차체내부 혹은 외부에 부착되어 있다. 그 가운데 자동차의 도어 유리 부위는 제작 초기에는 운전자가 직접 휠을 회전시켜 유리문을 상하로 개폐하였으나 최근 들어 모터, 센서, 스위치 류 등의 발달로 버튼하나로 문을 상하로 개폐시키는 방법을 사용하게 되었다. 유리문을 상하로 개폐시키는 조립부위를 자동차에서는 power window motor assembly라고 이를 개발하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 현재는 anti-pinch type power window motor에 ECU(Electronic Control Unit) system이 국내에서 개발되지 못하고 있다. 뿐만 아니라, 이 연구에서는 CAE 해석과 개발을 통해 anti-pinch power motor gear housing 및 cylindrical gear를 국산화 개발하고 ECU 일체형 적용을 함으로 인해 조립공정의 단순화 및 원가절감에 기여하고자 한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.215-219
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• 1999

This study aims to make detail examination of smallholder dairy farming systems in the Nongpho Dairy Cooperative. Forty-three dairy farms were selected from three geographical areas i.e. irrigated area, municipality area, and factory area. Within each area some number of sample farms were selected from each of the three levels of farm and animal crowdedness (very crowded, crowded, and not crowded farms). Detail data were collected during 1996 to 1997, they were socio-economic conditions of the sample farms and farmers, dairy production systems and management of resources (animals, bam, feeds, stocking rates, herd structure, animal body conditions, milk yield and milk quality, manure and farm wastes management, and other related items). Detail information useful for the improvement of farm production efficiency were discussed. It was very clear that much improvement of smallholder dairy production can be achieved if the recommendations given by this study were implemented.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.601-608
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• 1996

Fermentation characteristics of Baikhaju (a typical Korean traditional alcoholic beverage) were investigated during fermentation with differently treated rice samples, which were steamed rice (SR), plain steamed rice bread (RB), rice porridge (RP) and roasted rice (RR). The RB sample showed an excellent fermentation efficiency with the highest alcohol production (20.84%). The SR and RR samples showed 17.79% and 17.31% of alcohol production, respectively. The RP sample was the lowest alcohol production (11.47%). The pH values of all the beverage samples were similar and were ranged from 3.6 to 3.9. The fermentation periods of RB and RR samples were longer than the SR and RP. The inner temperature and microbial growth in all the beverages increased at each of input steps of the rice and Nuruk (a Korean-style bran koji). Fusel oil content of the SR and RP samples (613.6 ppm) was higher than that of RR (482.7 ppm). The RB sample with the best fermentation efficiency had the lowest fusel oil content (341.8 ppm). The RP sample showed the highest score in sensory evaluation and RB sample showed the lowest. The results on sensory evaluation were contrary to those on the fermentation efficiency.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.153-161
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• 1996

본 연구에서는 난백분말과 카제인에 당(포도당, 과당, 유당)을 첨가하고 젖산균(Lactobacillus)으로 발효 시키면서 첨가된 당이 젖산균의 산생성과 생육, 요구르트의 관능성 및 휘발성 향기 성분에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 난백분말 2%(W/V)와 카제인 3%(W/V)에 당 0.5, 1 또는 2% (W/V)를 첨가하고 L. acidophilus로 발효하여 만든 시료에서 젖산균의 산생성은 우유 시료(대조군)보다 낮았으며, 포도당과 과당은 1%와 2% 가 0.5%보다 생산성이 높았으나, 유당은 당 농도에 의 하여 차이를 보이지 않았다. 한편 L. acidophilus의 생균수는 우유 시료가 24시간 발효 후에 3.6$\times$$10^{9}$인데 비하여, 2%(W/V) 포도당 또는 과당을 첨가한 시료는 5.6-6.0X$10^{8}$으로 낮았으며, 유당 첨가 시료는 3.2$\times$$10^{7}$ 으로 가장 낮았다. 우유 시료와 당 첨가 시료를 L.acidophilus로 30시간 발효시키면서 산생성과 생육을 관찰했을 때, 전 실험 시간에 걸쳐서 우유 시료의 산생성과 생균수가 높았다. 관능검사의 결과(L. acido-philus 16.5hr.발효)를 보면 우유 시료(표준시료)보다 과당 첨가 시료는 다소 우수하였으나, 유당 첨가 시료는 현저하게 저조하였다. L. acidophilus는 시료에 따라서 다소 차이는 있으나 발효 과정에 acetone, ethanol, diacetyl, acetoin을 생성하였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2017

BACKGROUND: Yuza seed by-product has been produced in a large amount from the agricultural farms in the southern area of Korea. It has been mostly abandoned after commercial process for the production of juice, jam and tea. The study on the reuse of the yuza seed by-product has received much attention as a bio-resource material for the production of active compound in agriculture. METHODS AND RESULTS: Insecticidal rhamnolipid-producing Pseudomonas sp. EP-3 was grown in mineral salt media with the yuza seed by-product at 2, 20, 50 and 100 g/L. The growth of EP-3 was accompanied by a increase in insecticidal activity against green peach aphid. The highest insecticidal activity was observed when EP-3 was grown in the medium containing 50 g/L of the seed sample, producing approximately 996 mg/L of rhamnolipid at 96 h. Palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid were determined as the major fatty acids of the seed sample. The EP-3 cultures grown on the fatty acid mixture extracted from the seed sample showed a aphid mortality similar to that of cultures grown on the seed sample. The EP-3 cultures grown on 50 g/L of the seed sample showed aphid mortality more than 90% under greenhouse conditions. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that the yuza seed by-product may be used as a renewable material for microbial production of rhamnolipid against green peach aphid.