• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.157-163
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• 2001

The antibacterial effect of fish diet soaked in the extract of Salvia miltiorriza was tested to determine its levels of antibacterial activity, minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The extract showed strong activity against gram positive bacteria, but was weak against gram negative bacteria. Concentration levels of 13.4~40.3 and 67.2~403.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml were determined as the MIC and MBC, respectively. However, levels above 403.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml was neither bacteriostatic nor bactericidal against Edwardsiella tarta, a gram negative strain. The fish diet, soaked in the extract of Salvia miltiorriza, inhibited the growth of all strains of Streptococcus genus and Vibrio anguillarum. The relationship formula between weight of fish diet and Salvia miltiorriza extract absorbed into the fish diet was Y＝2.4953X＋3.3276 ($R^2$= 0.9999). The antibacterial activity of the fish diet, soaked in the extract, was stable from 10 to 35$^{\circ}C$ during the storage period of 28 days.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.245-252
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• 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Salvia plebeia R. Br. ethanolic extract with different aspects (stem/leaf and whole plant) on differentiation and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. The morphological changes and the degrees of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells were measured by Oil Red O staining and intra-cellular triglyceride (TG) assay. The mRNA expressions of special peroxisome proliferation activated receptor- genes (PPAR), CCAAT/ enhancer-binding protein (C/$EBP{\alpha}$), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The 50% ethanolic extracts ($100{\mu}g/mL$) of stem and leaf (SALE) and 30% ethanolic extracts (100 g/mL) of whole plant (SAE) from Salvia plebeia R. Br. were significantly attenuated lipid accumulation during adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Ethyl acetate-soluble fractions ($50{\mu}g/mL$) significantly inhibited lipid droplet accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, SALE induced down-regulation of specific adipogenic transcriptional factors (C/$EBP{\alpha}$ and $PPAR{\gamma}$) and target genes (FAS and LPL) during adipogenesis. Salvia plebeia R. Br. may be used as a safe and efficient natural substance to manage obesity.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.660-664
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• 2008

In this work, analytical HPLC was utilized to obtain Tanshinone IIA (TIIA) from Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge (SMB). The optimum operating conditions were experimentally determined to analyze the TIIA in the pretreated extract. SMB was extracted with the various organic solvents of methanol, ethyl acetate, and ethanol, then the extract was analyzed to compare the amount of TIIA. From the results, the methanol showed the best extraction efficiency of TIIAd. The analysis by $C_{18}$ column was performed. The mobile phase was composed of methanol and water, and the isocratic elution mode was mainly applied. $2.154{\mu}g$ of TIIA/mg of SMB powder was extracted with methanol.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.218-231
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• 2019

Background: We recently reported that Salvia plebeia R. Br. extracts suppress leukotriene production and effectively inhibit the airway inflammatory response by modulating inflammatory chemokine and cytokine expression. Here, we investigated the synergistic airway anti-inflammation effect of Salvia plebeia and Panax ginseng (Korean red ginseng, KRG) that has been used to treat various immune diseases such as asthma. Methods and Results: To evaluate the synergistic airway anti-inflammatory effect of Salvia plebeia and KRG, we measured the inhibitory effect of monotheraphy with either or co-theraphy with both on leukotriene and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Using coal a combustion, fly ash, and diesel exhaust particle (CFD)-induced respiratory disease mouse model, we found that co-theraphy synergistically suppressed airway inflammatory signs such as alveolar wall thickness and collagen fibers deposition, and decreased the number of total cell, $CD11b^+Gr-1^+$ cells, and inflammatory cytokines (IL17A, TNF, MIP-2 and CXCL-1) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Conclusions: We confirmed respiratory protection as a therapeutic effect of the Salbia plebeia-KRG 3 : 1 complex (KGC-03-PS) via anti-tracheal muscle contraction and expectorant animal studies using a CFD-induced respiratory disease mouse model.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.398-406
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• 2021

This study investigated on the nutritional components and physiological activity of four wild vegetables namely Salvia plebeia R. Br., Angelica acutiloba, Gynura procumbens and Saururus chinensis Baill for the development of representative wild vegetables in Chungbuk. Salvia plebeia possessed the highest radical scavenging activity and beta-carotene, but exhibited the lowest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity compared to the other three vegetables. Angelica acutiloba showed high crude protein content and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, but contained low total polyphenol content, radical scavenging ability and beta-carotene compared to the other three vegetables. Gynura procumbens showed high mineral content, beta-carotene, vitamin K1 content and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, but showed the lowest total polyphenol content and radical scavenging ability compared to the other three vegetables. Saururus chinensis showed high crude fiber content and total polyphenol content, but contained the lowest mineral and vitamin K1 content. To conclude, it is suggested to use Salvia plebeia or Saururus chinensis as antioxidant food materials and Angelica acutiloba and Gynura procumbens as food materials and sources of α-glucosidase inhibitors. In particular, it is believed that Saururus chinensis, which possessed high content of crude fiber, is suitable for low-calorie food materials such as diet products.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.29-35
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• 2000

The effect of aqueous extract of Salvia plebeia R. Br. (Labiatae) (AESP) on immunoglobulin (lgE) antibody mediated allergic reactions in rats was investigated. AESP inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) when intravenously, intraperitoneally, and orally administered. AESP dose-dependently inhibited histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells activated by anti-DNP IgE antibody. Moreover, AESP had an inhibitory effect on anti-DNP IgE antibody induced $TNF-{\alpha}$ production from RPMC. These results suggest that AESP inhibit the IgE-mediated allergic reaction in rats.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.496-500
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• 1997

A strong antioxidant activity, which was measured by the radical scavenging effect on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical, was detected in the methanol extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Labiatae). By activity-directed fractionation, compounds 1 and 2 were isolated as antioxidant principles of S. miltiorrhiza. Compounds 1 and 2 were identified as dimethyl lithospermate and 3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactamide, respectively, on the basis of spectral data. The radical scavenging effect of compounds 1 and 2 on DPPH radical exceeded that of L-ascorbic acid which is a well known antioxidant. These two compounds also showed prominent inhibitory activity against free radical generation in dichlorofluorescein (DCF) method and cytoprotective effect against t-BHP in cultured liver cell.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 1995

The effect of the ethanol extract from salviae miltiorrhizae radix (Salvia miltiorrhiza) on the microbial growht and the stability of the extracted antimicrobial material were investigated. The ethanol extract had strong growth inhibition activity (MIC, 3.13~50.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) against Gram-positive bacteria such as B. subtilis, L. monocytogenes and S. aureus. Among Gram-positive bacteria tested, B. subtilis was the most susceptible to the extracted substance. While the antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract was weak (MIC, 400~800 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) to E. coli and yeasts (C. albicans, Sacch. diastaticus). The ethanol extract had bactericidal action at higher concentration than MIC against B. subtilis, while the extract had only bacteriostatic action against S. aureus. The extracted antimicrobial substance was stable in the pH range of 4.0 to 10.0, heat treatment at 121$^{\circ}C$ for 15 min, and freezing and thawing

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.179-182
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• 2004

Bioassay-directed fractionation of the dried roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza led to the isolation of abietane tanshinones, cryptotanshinone and dibydrotanshinone I. Their structures were elucidated using $^1H-\;and\;^{13}C-NMR$, UV, IR and mass spectral analyses. These compounds exhibited a moderate antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus epidemidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus pyogene.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.66-69
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• 2000

Salvia bucharica belonging to the family Lamiaceae (Labiatae), afforded a novel terpenoid (1) named as salvatrione. The structure of 1 was elucidated through extensive 2-D NMR experiments and the biogenetic pathway of 1 has also been proposed. On biogenetic grounds, 1 may be considered to be a pseudo-triterpenoid as it is derived from the coupling of mono/ diterpenic units and not from squalene.