• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.61-69
• /
• 2022

This study categorizes and identifies the characteristics of the living areas of rural dwellers through cluster analysis using mobile floating population data. As a result, rural areas in Korea were classified into 34 rural living areas, and 5 types of rural living areas were derived. Although the 'Suburban in Mega City Areas' and 'Suburban in Regional City Areas' derived through this study have advantages in terms of accessibility to large cities, they are important for rural space management as they can undermine the unique values of rural areas due to urban expansion. In addition, 'Unclassified areas' have low accessibility in the national space, and there is a need to provide their own settlement environment. The population of rural areas in Korea exhibited a phenomenon of widespread migration. This means that rural residents who depend on metropolitan areas are provided with SOC beyond administrative boundaries. Therefore, there is a need to move away from establishing a homogeneous regional plan that does not consider population movement. Through this study, it was possible to understand the rural living area formed by the population movement occurring in the rural area. This is different in that the existing studies classified the national space based on the interconnectedness between regions, beyond the limitations of categorizing regions with homogeneous characteristics based on endogenous indicators. At this point in time when the need for a rural space plan is emphasized, it is important to understand the living area of rural dwellers and to design an appropriate rural plan. Therefore, the establishment of a rural plan suitable for the region using the results of this study can increase the efficiency of the project for revitalization of the rural area and contribute to the creation of an attractive national space.

• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.77-105
• /
• 1996

The rural problems which we are facing start from the extremely small sized population and the skewed population structure by age and sex. Thus we analyzed the change of the rural population. And we analyzed the recent return migration to the rural areas by comparing the recent in-migrants with out-migrants to rural areas. And by analyzing the rural village survey data which was to show the current characteristics of rural population, we found out the effects of the in-migrants to the rural areas and predicted the futures of rural villages by characteristics. The changes of rural population composition by age was very clear. As the out-migrants towards cities carried on, the population composition of young children aged 0~4 years was low and the aged became thick. The proportion of the population aged 0~4 years was 45.1% of the total population in 1970 and dropped down to 20.4% in 1995, which is predicted to become under 20% from now on. In the same period(1970~1995), the population aged 65 years and over rose from 4.2% to 11.9%. In 1960, before industrialization, the proportion of the population aged 0~4 years in rural areas was higher than that of cities. As the rural young population continuously moves to cities it became lower than that in urban areas from 1975 and the gap grew till 1990. But the proportion of rural population aged 0~4 years in 1995 became 6.2% and the gap reduced. We can say this is the change of the characteristics of in-migrants and out-migrants in the rural areas. Also considering the composition of the population by age group moving from urban to rural area in the late 1980s, 51.8% of the total migrants concentrates upon age group of 20~34 years and these people's educational level was higher than that of out-migrants to urban areas. This fact predicted the changes of the rural population, and the results will turn out as a change in the rural society. However, after comparing the population structure between the pure rural village of Boeun-gun and suburban village of Paju-gun which was agriculture centered village but recently changed rapidly, the recent change of the rural population structure which the in-migrants to rural areas becomes younger is just a phenomenon in the suburban rural areas, not the change of the total rural areas in general. From the characteristics of the population structure of rural village from the field survey on these villages, we can see that in the pure rural villages without any effects from cities the regidents are highly aged, while industrialization and urbanization are making a progress in suburban villages. Therefore, the recent partial change of the rural population structure and the change of characteristics of the in-migrants toward rural areas is effecting and being effected by the population change of areas like suburban rural villages. Although there are return migrants to rural areas to change their jobs into agriculture, this is too minor to appear as a statistic effect.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.773-797
• /
• 2010

Recent years, being advanced the phenomena of fewness and aging rapidly in rural areas, rural community has been collapsed fastly. This study is aimed for two intentions: the one is identification of the actual conditions of rural diminishing in population, and the other is having a view of real picture of it in future. The major result of this study is summarized as follows. First, as a result of the rural area's shrinking for a long time advanced, the rural community has grown to under the minimum autogenesis level. Futher more this study have a look out in ten years later that rural community will diminish in population to 42% size compared with now, and the number of elder than 80 years old occupy a half of total population in a standard case. Such a consequence of this study implies no doubt that the rural development policy must lay a stress to cope with a serious situation of rural scantiness. And policy conversion calls for having a new understanding of this situation first.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.85-94
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the hollowization in rural villages which causes marginal villages appears in Korean rural villages and whether the hollowization has relation with decrease and aging of population or not. For achieving the research objective, survey was carried out focused on Geumsan-gun. As a result, it confirmed that rural out-migration and rural decline especially in 'people', 'land(economic situation)' and 'community' have being progressed. Also variance analysis and regression analysis were executed with using the number of population and the ratio of people over 65 as dependent variables and using each survey contents(variables) as independent variables. The results of analysis showed that the ratio of people over 65(+), the income level per household(-), the rate of fallow lands(+), the number of empty houses(+), programs for urban-rural interchange(+), and the implementing public projects(+), etc. have a relation with the number of population(-) and the number of population(-), the income level per household(-), the rate of fallow lands(+), the number of empty houses(+), activities of communities(+), and the implementing public projects(+), etc. have a relation with the ratio of people over 65(+) (+: increase, -: decrease). So the hollowization in people', 'land(economic situation)' and 'community' has direct relation with decrease and aging of population in rural areas.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.64 no.2
• /
• pp.15-25
• /
• 2022

Idleness in rural areas is a very important issue with regard to national land space management. Previous studies have been conducted separately in terms of population housing and farmland. So, an integrated analysis considering population housing and farmland is required for rural spatial management. In this study, vulnerability indices were developed and spatial distribution of the vulnerable areas was analyzed by evaluating regional vulnerability on population, housing, and farmland. In addition, plans for rural space management plan were proposed considering the population hollowing out and the idle farmland. The results of this study would be helpful in preparing policies that take into account the vulnerability of idleness in rural areas.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.69-78
• /
• 2012

Korean population has been rapidly aging. Most of people regard the aging population as future crisis due to the rate of change and agree to prepare for a soft-landing on aging society in South Korea. Particularly, the aging population growth in rural areas is much faster than urban areas. Also rural areas relatively have poorer social and economic conditions so the countermeasures for population aging considering related social and economic indices are required. Moreover, each rural region has the different preparedness level for rural aging based on regional socio-economic characteristics. In this study, we analyzed correlations of the rural aging rate and local characteristics and developed an evaluation index to show the regional preparedness status for rural aging. To test the applicability of developed indicators, we applied them to 161 rural regions and assessed regional preparedness level for rural aging. This study would provide basic data for establishing policies for rural aging.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2008

Many urban people are attracted to the recreational opportunities and attractions of rural areas, such as beautiful scenery, lakes, mountains, forests, and resorts. Furthermore, rural development planning increasingly emphasizes the integration of resource extractive industries with non-market-based recreational and amenity values. This article outlines a method to estimate an amenity level of rural areas such as natural amenities index and shows the relation of the natural amenity and population growth. The results revealed that natural amenity classifying each region can be explained with geographical characteristics, temperature-humidity, and sunshine duration time. In analysis with population, natural amenity does not exactly explain that but can be one of the important factor of population change.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.291-307
• /
• 2007

The objective of this article is to examine the structure of the composition of the population in rural area for the last 45 years, and to forecast mid and long term structure of the population in the near future. Moreover, forecast has been done whether the rapid increase by the inflow of foreigners has any offset on the structural change in rural population. According to the research result, the rural area is experiencing a rapid decrease in population, a rapid increase in the percentage of the aged, and foreigners. To resolve the problematic situation mentioned above, some effective counterplan has to be considered by all agencies concerned.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.83-93
• /
• 2004

This paper investigated the characteristics of population structure and the determinants of population movement in the south west area of Kyonggi-do by grouping 9 cities in 3 categories and using Panel data of $1995{\sim}2001$. The major findings of this paper were identified as follows : 1) The population structure of regions was different to the stages of urbanization. The ratio of child and elder dependency was high in the rural regions and low in the urbanized regions. It was due to the movement of economically active population of $20{\sim}40$ aged groups, from rural regions to urban regions. This means that more productive segments of the rural population leave the country to the city. In addition. The ratio of male to female was higher in $20{\sim}40$ aged groups for rural regions. This suggested that young females moved from rural regions to urban regions more than young males in the process of industrialization. 2) Based in pooling regression, income was the most significant determinant that could explain the inter-regional and intra-regional movement of population for south west area studied, The next one was educational opportunity variable. The coefficients of income and education were 0.5, 0,7 for intra-regional migration and 0.01, 0.02 for interregional migration indicating that Todaro's hypothesis could be tested well rather than Tiebout' model for this area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.10 no.2 s.23
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2004

This study tried to construct a direction in regional planning concerning the structural relationship between the ratio of aged population and the industrial characteristics. We investigated this structural relationship incorporating the aged population index and the number of classified companies. We applied diverse statistical analyses to understand the relationship. We classified the number of companies to reflect regional industrial characteristics using the principal component analysis. We applied a multiple regression model to understand the relationship between these two indices. The aged population index represents the degree of being old divided by the ratio of juvenile population and aged population. We found that such industries as manufacturing, service, and conveyance increase the ratio of juvenile population. However, industries such as tourism, waterworks, forestry, agriculture and etc. have a positive effect on the aged population index. In addition to these findings, we believe that the efficacy of this study is the possibility that can be used as the basic data when central or local autonomous entities need to adopt rural development planning.