• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2003년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.92-98
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• 2003

Turbine blades experience significant surface degradation with service. This paper presents experimental evidence of blade surface roughness reducing turbine efficiency. Performance tests were conducted in a low speed, single-stage axial flow turbine rig with roughened blade surfaces. Sheets of sandpaper with equivalent sandgrain roughnesses of 106 and $400{\mu}m$ were used to roughen the blades. In these tests, effects of roughened stator vanes and rotor blades were separately evaluated. In the fully rough regime ($k_{s}=400{\mu}m$), the experimental results show an 11 percent decrease in normalized efficiency with roughness only on stator vanes ; an 8 percent decrease with roughness only on rotor blades ; and a 19 percent decrease with roughness on both the stator and rotor blades. In the transitionally rough regime ($k_{s}=106{\mu}m$), the trends are similar approximately 4 percent decrease with either roughened stator or roughened rotor and an 8 percent decrease with roughness on both stator and rotor blades. Thus, roughened stator vanes incur more performance penalty than roughened rotor blades.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.386-393
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• 2018

Purpose: Chicken cutting is done manually, which is inefficient, unhygienic, and carries a high accident risk during processing. This study develops and evaluates an automatic chicken cutting machine that suits small-scale workplaces. Methods: This study developed an automatic chicken cutting machine equipped with four traverse blades and two longitudinal blades. An experiment was conducted with various blade rotating speeds and tray feed rates to evaluate the machine's performance. The chicken loss rate and chicken piece weights were measured to calculate the coefficient of variation (CV), thereby determining processing uniformity. Results: The optimal cutting conditions with the smallest chicken loss rate were 0.05 m/s tray feed speed and 18.8 m/s and 16.4 m/s for the traverse and longitudinal blades, respectively. The processing ran at 55.3 chickens per hour and the chicken pieces were more uniform when using the device than for hand-work processed pieces. Conclusions: The loss rate increased in proportion to the cutting-blade rotation speed due to the high cutting rate in meat. The loss rate also increased as the tray feed speed slowed because the cutting blade pushed the chicken meat. The tray feed speed should be increased to improve the amount processed per hour.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.81-87
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• 2021

The aim of the current study is to compare the performance of large 2 MW and 3 MW wind turbines operating on existing onshore wind farms using Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory and Angular Momentum (AM) theory and illustrate the performance characteristic curves of the turbines as a function of wind speed (U∞). To achieve this, the measurement data obtained from two different Wind Energy Power Plants (WEPPs) located in the Hatay region of Turkey was used. Two different horizontal-axis wind turbines with capacities of 2 MW and 3 MW were selected for evaluation and comparison. The hub-height wind speed (UD), turbine power output (P), atmospheric air temperature (Tatm) and turbine rotational speed (Ω) data were used in the evaluation of the turbine performance characteristics. Curves of turbine power output (P), axial flow induction factor (a), turbine rotational speed (Ω), turbine power coefficient (CP), blade tip speed ratio (λ), thrust force coefficient (CT) and thrust force (T) as a function of U∞ were obtained for the 2 MW and 3 MW wind turbines and these characteristic curves were compared. Results revealed that, for the same wind speed conditions, the higher-capacity wind turbine (3 MW) was operating at higher turbine power coefficient rates, while rotating at lower rotational speed ratios than the lower-capacity wind turbine (2 MW).

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2009

재활용선별시설에서 파봉공정은 연계된 선별공정을 위한 필수 공정으로 주로 인력에 의한 작업과 일부 기계식 파봉장치가 도입되었다. 그러나, 기계식 파봉장치의 경우 재활용 대상폐기물을 파쇄하여 선별효율의 저하 및 폭발 등 작업자의 안전문제가 자주 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 파봉 방식의 문제점을 해결 할 수 있는 회전칼날팔각드럼식 파봉 정량공급 장치를 개발하여 성능평가 및 환경성 검토를 통한 현장 적용 가능성 평가를 수행하였다. 실험결과에 의하면 처리용량은 드럼회전수 8.2 rpm, 벨트컨베이어 속도 1.25 m/min에서 5.6 ton/hr로 설계용량인 5.0 ton/hr를 만족하였으며, 최대 처리용량은 8.8 ton/hr으로 나타났다. 봉투 속 봉투의 파봉효율은 95.6% 및 겉봉투의 경우에는 100%로 나타났으며, 특히 재활용대상폐기물 중 가장 쉽게 파손되는 유리병의 원형보존율은 약 96.5%로 정가되었다. 본 장치의 소음, 진동 및 비산먼지 농도 등에 대한 환경성 정토결과 환경오염배출허용 법적기준치를 모두 만족하는 것으로 조사되었다. 따라서, 본 파봉장치를 재활용선별시설에 적용할 경우 기존의 인력파봉과 기계식파봉에서 발생되었던 문제점을 크게 개선할 수 있다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.609-617
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• 2014

풍력터빈 블레이드의 가변 피치제어는 풍력발전기의 과풍속 영역 설계에 있어 중요한 요소로 알려져 있으나 원가문제 때문에 소형 풍력터빈에는 적용되지 못하고 실속제어가 많이 적용되고 있다. 하지만, 블레이드 주변의 난류 때문에 설계된 실속이 구현되지 않는 실속지연 현상이 종종 발생되고, 이에 따른 풍력 블레이드의 과회전과 발전기의 과출력 위험이 발생하고 있다. 이에 따라 블레이드에서 발생되는 공력으로 피치가 변하고 스프링의 복원력으로 복귀되는 수동형 피치제어 모듈이 주목 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 회전하는 블레이드의 익형에서 발생되는 양력과 항력을 이용하여 회전면으로 작용되는 토크와 블레이드의 Flap 방향으로 작용되는 추력을 계산하는 방법을 제시하고, 이러한 힘들의 크기를 여러 가지 익형에 대해 비교하였으며, 블레이드의 피치모멘트를 정량적으로 산출하여 수동 피치제어 모듈의 설계자료로 활용될 수 있도록 하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.313-320
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• 2015

A 2-axis gimbal-type X-band antenna has been widely used to effectively transmit the high resolution image data from the observation satellite to the desired ground station. However, a discontinuous stepper motor activation for rotating the pointing mechanism in azimuth and elevation directions induces undesirable micro-vibration disturbances which can result in the image quality degradation of a high-resolution observation satellite. To enhance the image quality of the observation satellite, attenuating the micro-vibration induced by an activation of the stepper motor for rotational movements of the antenna is important task. In this study, we proposed a low-rotational-stiffness blade gear applied to the output shaft of the stepper motor to obtain the micro-vibration isolation performance. The design of the blade gear was performed through the structure analysis such that this gear is satisfied with the margin of safety rule under the derived torque budget. In addition, the micro-vibration isolation performance of the blade gear was verified through the micro-vibration measurement test using the dedicated micro-vibration measurement device proposed in this study.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the performance factors of a rotary impact-type thresher to develop a sesame and perilla thresher, specifically to analyze the cut length of the stems and the threshing rates based on the relationship between the blade velocity and feeding speed. Methods: The materials were dried within a range of 12.3-13.0% to test the impact cut by bending. The cut lengths of the perilla and sesame stems were categorized in 6 ranges (~7.0, 7.1-10.0, 10.1-13.0, 13.1-16.0, 16.1-20.0, 20.1- (cm)). For testing the cut length and threshing rate, the upward-rotating blade velocity was varied as 11.0 m/s, 13.5 m/s, and 22.3 m/s. Feeding speeds were changed from 0.1 m/s to 2.2 m/s by the inverter connected to the feed motor. The feed rate and threshing rates without cover-casing were evaluated with the factors of thresher testing. Results: The mean cut length of the stem decreased as the blade velocity increased and/or the feeding speed decreased. As the feed rate increased up to 17.5 g/s, the cut length distributions showed no significant difference. The threshing rate was 98.9% for sesame, and flexible according to the blade velocity and feeding speed of the perilla. Conclusion: Feeding material too fast could produce longer cut stem segments, therefore, a feeding speed less than 2.2 m/s is recommended. A blade velocity of 13.5 m/s is preferable for both sesame and perilla with regard to cut length and threshing rate.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제39권8호
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• pp.735-743
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 직선형 터빈 캐스케이드 장치를 이용하여 분사영역으로 진입하고 퇴각하는 익형의 허브, 평균반경, 팁에 형성되는 표면에서의 압력을 정상상태에서 측정하였다. 익형은 축류형으로 코드가 200mm이며, 분사 노즐은 단면은 사각형으로 그 크기는 $200mm{\times}200mm$이다. 실험은 코드 기준으로 레이놀즈수 $3{\times}10^5$에서 수행되었다. 탈설계 성능을 측정하기 위하여 노즐의 설치각을 $58^{\circ}$, $65^{\circ}$와 $72^{\circ}$로 변경하면서, 노즐의 설치각 변화에 대한 익형에서 표면압 변화의 특성을 파악하였다. 또한 현절비를 1.25, 1.38, 1.67로 변경하면서 현절비 변화에 대한 익형의 표면압 변화를 측정하였다. 실험의 결과에서 익형이 분사영역으로 진입할 때 현절비가 적을수록 흡입면에서는 표면압력의 감소가 발생되었고 낮은 노즐설치각인 경우에는 역회전방향의 힘이 형성되었다. 아울러 양의 입사각으로 익형이 분사영역으로 진입할 때 흡입면의 앞부분에 낮은 압력이 형성되었다.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2008

Studies on cavitation instabilities of hydrofoils and cascades are reviewed to obtain fundamental understandings of the instabilities observed in turbopump inducers. Most of them are based on the stability analysis of two-dimensional inviscid cavitating flow. The most important finding of the analysis is that the cavitation instabilities depend only on the mean cavity length. For a hydrofoil, the characteristic length is the chord length and partial/transitional cavity oscillation occurs with shorter/longer cavity than 75% of the chord length. For cascades, the characteristic length is the blade spacing and various modes of instabilities are predicted when the mean cavity is longer than 65% of the spacing. In the last part, rotating choke is shown to occur when the cavity becomes longer than the spacing.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.60-68
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• 2007

This paper presents an efficient 5-axis roughing method for centrifugal impeller. The efficient roughing is minimization of cutting time through minimizing tool tilting and rotating motions. To minimized cutting time, machining area is divided into sub-cutting regions using control points on hub curves and shroud curves of blade used to design and analyze centrifugal impeller. For sub-cutting regions, diameters of cutting tools are determined as big as possible. Then, tool paths are generated with the tilting axis and rotating axis of 5-axis machine limited and fixed, which can give more efficient machining speed and machining stability than the conventional methods. Experimental results show that the proposed method is more efficient than the conventional methods to mill with the only one cutting tool without dividing area and the previous methods to mill with simultaneous 5-axis processing with dividing area.